(1.2.1)--Section2Parasitesandhosttypes.ppt

Section 2 Parasites and host typesParasite：It is an animal that temporarily or permanently lives in the host body or surface.Host：Any animal that has a parasite temporarily or long-term in the body or on the surface is called the host of this parasite.Parasites and hosts Types of parasitesEctoparasite and endoparasitePermanent and temporary parasitesSpecific host parasites and multihost parasitesObligate and facultative parasites1.Ectoparasite and endoparasiteEctoparasite refers to parasites that live temporarily or permanently on the surface of the host(skin,feathers,etc.).tickmitemosquitogadflyfleabedbug Endoparasites refer to parasites that permanently or temporarily parasitize in the hostTrypanosoma evansi BabesiaTrichinella spiralis Hydatid cyst2.Permanent and temporary parasites Permanent parasite refers to a parasite that does not leave the host for life.T.spiralis adult T.spiralis larvaeTemporary parasites refer to parasites that only temporarily parasitize the surface of the host when blood sucking is required.Mosquito is sucking blood3.Specific host parasites and multihost parasitesSpecific host parasites:refers to a parasite that has strict selectivity to the host and can only parasitize a specific host Oxyuris equionly parasitizein horseMulti-host parasite refers to a parasite that has no strict selectivity to the host and can parasitize multiple hosts.Fasciola hepaticaTrypanosoma evansi4.Obligate and facultative parasites Obligate parasite refers to the part of the parasite time is necessary,otherwise life history can not be completed.fluketapewormFacultative parasite refers to a parasite that can live freely and parasitizeStrongyloides Summary:types of parasitesEctoparasite and endoparasitePermanent and temporary parasitesSpecific host parasites and multihost parasitesObligate and facultative parasitesThe type of host 1.The final host,also called the real host,is the host parasitized by the parasite during its adult stage or its sexual reproduction stage.2.The intermediate host is a host parasitized by the parasite larval stage or asexual reproduction stage.F.hepatica intermediate host F.buski intermediate host Moniezia intermediate host3.Supplementary host:Some parasite larvae or asexual reproduction period need to replace the intermediate host,in the order of replacing the intermediate host,the former parasitic intermediate host is called the first intermediate host,the latter intermediate host is called the second intermediate host.Dicrocoelium dendriticumFirst intermediate host land snailSecond intermediate host antsSome parasites are mainly parasitic on a certain host,and can also parasitize on other hosts,but it is not so common.Usually,the host that the parasite does not often parasitize is called reservoir host.4.Reservoir host:Some parasitic infective larvae enter into an animal that is not their physiological needs to survive,the parasite does not develop or reproduce in its body,but maintains the infectious to original host,this animal is called a paratenic host.5.Continuation host,or paratenic host:The host maintains a certain immunity to parasites,clinically asymptomatic,but a certain number of parasites remain in the body.6.Carrier hosts(carriers)In the parasitic relationship between the parasite and the host,any organism that can transmit parasites is called a vehicle(including animals and plants).Fasciolopsis buskiWater lily Vehicle7.Vehicle8.Biological vehicles:The vehicles in which pathogens are propagated in their bodies are called biological vehicles.Piriformes Ticks Summary:types of hostsFinal host and intermediate hostSupplement hostReservoir hostParatenic hostVehicles(mechanical,biological)