定语从句介词介词讲稿.ppt

关于定语从句介词介词第一页，讲稿共二十九页哦Iagreewiththeidea_youapproveof.（that/which/不填）不填）做做of 的宾语的宾语I agree with the idea you approve of which.I agree with the idea of which you approve.请还原请还原which 在从句中的位置在从句中的位置当关系代词充当定于从句中某一介词的宾语时，通常把介词提前，当关系代词充当定于从句中某一介词的宾语时，通常把介词提前，用用“介词关系代词介词关系代词”来引导定语从句。来引导定语从句。第二页，讲稿共二十九页哦介词+which（指物指物）而不用）而不用that 介词+whom（指人）而不用指人）而不用 who 注意：注意：当介词前置时，只能用当介词前置时，只能用 whom 指人，指人，which 指物指物第三页，讲稿共二十九页哦Thisistheboy.Iplayedtennis_theboyyesterday.Wellgotohearthefamoussinger.Wehaveoftentalked_thefamoussinger.withaboutThisistheboywhom/that/whoIplayedtenniswithyesterday.Wellgotohearthefamoussingerwhom/who/that/wehaveoftentalkedabout.withabout第四页，讲稿共二十九页哦Thisschoolisveryfamous.Heoncestudied_thisschool.TomorrowIllbringherethemagazine.Youasked_themagazine.inforThisschoolwhich/that/heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.TomorrowIllbringherethemagazinewhich/that/youaskedfor.infor第五页，讲稿共二十九页哦在介词在介词+which/whom引导定语的从句中，引导定语的从句中，我们需要注意以下几点我们需要注意以下几点1,在非正式的英语表达中，介词常常在定语从句在非正式的英语表达中，介词常常在定语从句的句尾。的句尾。page.28.22,当介词处于定于从句的句尾时当介词处于定于从句的句尾时“whom”“which”可以用可以用“that”代替代替“whom”可以用可以用“who”替代。替代。Page.28.33,当关系代词充当定语从句中介词的宾语且介词位当关系代词充当定语从句中介词的宾语且介词位于定语从句句末时于定语从句句末时“which”“whom”可以省略。可以省略。Page.28.4第六页，讲稿共二十九页哦4,在以在以 way way为先行词的定语从句中通常由为先行词的定语从句中通常由为先行词的定语从句中通常由为先行词的定语从句中通常由in which或或或或that引引引引导，此时导，此时导，此时导，此时wayway在定语从句中充当状语，而且通常可以省略在定语从句中充当状语，而且通常可以省略在定语从句中充当状语，而且通常可以省略在定语从句中充当状语，而且通常可以省略。The way(that/in which)he answered the questions was surprising.他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。他回答这些问题的方式令人惊奇。I dont like the way(that/in which/)you laugh at her.我不喜欢你嘲笑她的样子。我不喜欢你嘲笑她的样子。第七页，讲稿共二十九页哦补充补充当当theway在定语从句中做主语或是宾语时，在定语从句中做主语或是宾语时，与普通先行词无异与普通先行词无异 I want to know the way he told you yesterday.(that/Which)tell sb.sth.第八页，讲稿共二十九页哦介词的选用原则介词的选用原则1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭 配来决定。配来决定。如：如：This is the book on which I spent 8 yuan.This is the book for which I paid 8 yuan.spend money on sth.为固定搭配为固定搭配pay money for sth.为固定搭配为固定搭配第九页，讲稿共二十九页哦2)根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。根据先行词的搭配习惯来决定。如：如：I remember the day on which I joined the League.I remember the days during which I lived here.I remember the month in which I stayed there.强调在具体某一天要用介词强调在具体某一天要用介词on强调在某几天时间内要用介词强调在某几天时间内要用介词during在在month前介词要用前介词要用in第十页，讲稿共二十九页哦3)根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定Oxygen,_ which man cant live,is really important.氧气特别重要，没有它，人不能生存。氧气特别重要，没有它，人不能生存。Thepen_whichheiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday.他现在用的那支钢笔是昨天买的。他现在用的那支钢笔是昨天买的。withoutwith第十一页，讲稿共二十九页哦4注意：注意：属于固定搭配的动词短语，介词一般不能提前属于固定搭配的动词短语，介词一般不能提前.常见的这类动词短语有常见的这类动词短语有:lookfor/after/forwardto,carefor(照顾，喜欢）照顾，喜欢）hearof/about/from,takecareof(优化方案优化方案P75)例如例如ThisistherightplaceImlookingfor.Thegirlwhomheislookingafterishissister.第十二页，讲稿共二十九页哦1.Do you know the girl_ our head teacher is talking?2.I cant find my dictionary _I paid over$100.3.This is the good car_ _I spent all my money.4.She is the teacher _all his students show respect.5.The teacher_ _you have been waiting is coming in a minute.More PracticeMore Practiceto/with/about whom for which on whichto whomfor whomtalking to/with/about the girlpay for the dictionaryspend money on the carshow respect to the teacherwaiting for the teacher第十三页，讲稿共二十九页哦1)TheGermanboss_theactressworksisakindperson.2)Thehost_theguestspeakerworkslikessinging.3)Thepenfriend_thepoetwritesisgoodatliterature.for whomwith whomto whom第十四页，讲稿共二十九页哦1.Chinaisabeautifulcountry,_weareproud.2.Doyouremembertheday_youjoinedourclub?3.Thisisthehouse_Ilivedtwoyearsago.4.Inthedarkstreet,therewasntasingleperson_shecouldturnforhelp.5.Inthedarkstreet,therewasntasingleperson_shecouldaskforhelp.ofonwhichinwhichtowhomfromwhomwhich Fill in the blanks with“介词介词+which/whom”:第十五页，讲稿共二十九页哦Have you met the person _ he was speaking?He is the man _ you can turn for help.The farm _ we worked then years ago isnt what it used to be.This is the tree _ we used to play games.The pen _ he is writing now was bought yesterday.The gas _ we can not live is called oxygen.More examples about whom to whom on which under which with which without which第十六页，讲稿共二十九页哦1.定语从句中关系副词有：定语从句中关系副词有：when,where,why 2.关系副词在定语从句中所作的成份：关系副词在定语从句中所作的成份：关系副词在定语从句中都作状语。关系副词在定语从句中都作状语。when 作时间状语；作时间状语；where 作地点状语；作地点状语；why 作原因状语作原因状语定语从句中关系副词的用法定语从句中关系副词的用法第十七页，讲稿共二十九页哦He remember the day when his father died.I went back to the place where I was born and grew up.Please give me the reason why you were late this time.when 作时间状语，意为作时间状语，意为 on the daywhere 作地点状语，意为作地点状语，意为in the placewhy作原因状语，意为作原因状语，意为for the reason第十八页，讲稿共二十九页哦 3.3.并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时都用并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时都用when,where,whywhen,where,whywhen,where,whywhen,where,why，若先行词在定语从句中不作状语，若先行词在定语从句中不作状语，而是作主语或宾语，就必须用而是作主语或宾语，就必须用whichwhichwhichwhich或或或或thatthat 如：如：We often think of the days we spent together in the countryside.which在定语从句中作宾语在定语从句中作宾语Which比较比较:We often think of the days we worked together in the countryside.whenwhen在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于 on the days第十九页，讲稿共二十九页哦We believe the reason he told us.比较比较:The reason he was absent yesterday is still unknown.thatwhy做宾补做宾补做原因状语做原因状语第二十页，讲稿共二十九页哦4.关系副词关系副词when,wherewhen,where和和whywhy也可用也可用也可用也可用“介词介词介词介词+which”+which”来代来代替，要注意其先行词（名词）与介词的合理搭配，介替，要注意其先行词（名词）与介词的合理搭配，介词根据先行词或定语从句的谓语动词来确定。词根据先行词或定语从句的谓语动词来确定。when 相当于相当于“at/in/during+which”where 相当于相当于“in/at/on+which”why 相当于相当于“for+which”第二十一页，讲稿共二十九页哦1,Is this the day I visited the museum?2,This is the reason he didnt come to the meeting.when/on whichwhy/for which3,The reason he was absent yesterday is still unknown.for which/why第二十二页，讲稿共二十九页哦Ill never forget the day when I joined the league.句中句中when相当于相当于on whichwhere在定语从句中作地点状语，相当在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于于“介词介词+关系代词（关系代词（which）”如：如：This is the room where Lu Xun once lived.句中句中when相当于相当于in whichDetailedexplanationwhen 在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词介词+关系代词（关系代词（which）”。如：。如：第二十三页，讲稿共二十九页哦why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于于“介词介词for+关系代词（关系代词（which）”如：如：Do you know the reason why she was late?It rained heavily,for which he was late for the class.第二十四页，讲稿共二十九页哦思考思考是否所有的介词是否所有的介词+关系代词都能用关系副词关系代词都能用关系副词代替代替?1.The painting(_ I looked)was painted by me.2.The book(_ I heard)was written twenty years ago.at whichabout which第二十五页，讲稿共二十九页哦3.The pen(_)she wrote that book)can now be seen in a museum.4.Kunming is a beautiful place (_)flowers are seen all the year round.5.Yesterday we went to visit the house (_)the great writer used to live.with whichwhere/in whichwhere/in which第二十六页，讲稿共二十九页哦6.I will never forgot the day(_)I first met you on the ship.7.The film(_I fell asleep)was very boring.结论：只有当结论：只有当“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”充当地点充当地点状语、时间状语或原因状语时，才能用关系状语、时间状语或原因状语时，才能用关系副词代替。副词代替。on which/whenduring which第二十七页，讲稿共二十九页哦 Complete each sentence using an attributive clause.Answers:1._2._3._4._5._ _(which)I know very little aboutin which I bought my favorite dressabout which I told you about last weekfrom whom I got the cupfrom whom we learn how to write with brushes第二十八页，讲稿共二十九页哦感感谢谢大大家家观观看看第二十九页，讲稿共二十九页哦