定语从句高考总复习精华版课件.ppt

关于定语从句高考总复习精华版现在学习的是第1页，共26页 一一.定语从句的基本定义定语从句的基本定义放在放在名词名词或或代词后面代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰修饰该名词或代词的该名词或代词的从句从句叫定语从句。叫定语从句。一.定语从句的基本定义现在学习的是第2页，共26页The boy who is reading is Tom.先行词先行词关系代词关系代词找先行词找先行词-还原法还原法确定关系词确定关系词现在学习的是第3页，共26页基础知识回顾基础知识回顾:关系词及其意义关系词及其意义指代人指代人指代事物指代事物所属关系所属关系指地点指地点指时间指时间指原因指原因who,whom,that,aswhich,that,aswhosewhere（=介词介词+which）when(=介词介词+which）why(=for+which）关关系系代代词词关关系系副副词词归归纳纳总总结结不可省现在学习的是第4页，共26页对比练习：用适当的关系词填空对比练习：用适当的关系词填空1.The room _ he once lived is still there.The room _ I have to clean every day belongs to my mother.where/in which(that/which)对比练习：用适当的关系词填空现在学习的是第5页，共26页2.I will never forget the day_ I met you.I will never forget the day _ we spent together.when/on which(that/which)现在学习的是第6页，共26页 The reason _ I dont know is known to him.(that/which)why/for which3.The reason _ I dont know the thing is that I was not there at that time.现在学习的是第7页，共26页This is the house which/that we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。The house,which we bought last month,is very nice.这这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。nonrestrictiverestrictive现在学习的是第8页，共26页现在学习的是第9页，共26页1.that与与which2.对对the way的考查的考查3.介词介词+关系词关系词4.as的使用的使用5.对对where的考查的考查6.综合考查综合考查考考点点难难点点现在学习的是第10页，共26页1)Do you have anything _ you dont understand?2)The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice.3)Who is the man _ is standing there?4)Her bag,in _ she put all her money,has been stolen.5)She heard a terrible noise，_ brought her heart into her mouth.thatthatthatwhichwhich考点考点1：that 与与 which现在学习的是第11页，共26页1:先行词是先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等等不定代词或不定代词或 由不定代词由不定代词any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all等等修饰时修饰时,引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that不用不用 which。2：先行词被形容词：先行词被形容词最高级最高级或或序数词序数词修饰且指物时修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that。3:先行词中先行词中既既有人又有物有人又有物时，引导定语从句用时，引导定语从句用 that。4:先行词被先行词被the very,the only等修饰且指物时等修饰且指物时,引导定引导定 语从句用语从句用that。5：当先行词前面：当先行词前面有有who/which等疑问代词等疑问代词时，只用时，只用 that。1.指物，指物，介词介词后。后。2.用于用于非限制非限制定语从句中定语从句中3.前面有前面有that/those出现，为避免重复。出现，为避免重复。只使用只使用that应遵循的规则应遵循的规则只使用只使用which应遵循的规则应遵循的规则现在学习的是第12页，共26页填上合适的关系词并分析原因填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand.2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.that/which/不填不填that/in which/不填不填缺状语缺状语缺宾语缺宾语考点考点2：the way用做先行词用做先行词3.What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it.（湖北）（湖北）A.the way B.in the way that C.in the way D.the way which高考题链接：高考题链接：现在学习的是第13页，共26页考点考点3：介词：介词+关系词关系词1.Do you know the boy _ _ your mother is talking?2.He gave me some novels _ _ I am not very familiar.3.I still remember the day _ _ I first got to Paris.towhomwith whichonwhich现在学习的是第14页，共26页结论结论:介词介词 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是关键是判断介词的选择判断介词的选择,方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词什么介词(习惯搭配习惯搭配),再则可以通过整个句子整再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断体含义来判断,结合生活实际来判断结合生活实际来判断.现在学习的是第15页，共26页3._ is known to all,he is the best student.4.Jim passed the driving test,_ surprised everybody in the office.Aswhich难点一：难点一：as的用法的用法asthatwhich1.It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift.2.It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift it.asthat归纳归纳：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such,the same,so,as 修饰，即构成修饰，即构成suchas,the same as,soas,结构，做题结构，做题时容易忽略。时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。语。as 与与which引导定语从句引导定语从句都能指代整句内容都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于，但定语从句位于句首句首时，只能用时，只能用 as,意为意为“正如、恰如正如、恰如”。现在学习的是第16页，共26页1.Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.2.The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是 表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。难点二：一些特殊词之后的难点二：一些特殊词之后的where解析：解析：如果定语从句分别修饰如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,part,condition和和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，引导，意思是意思是“到了某种到了某种地步地步，在某种，在某种境况境况中中”。现在学习的是第17页，共26页1.We are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk.（山东）（山东）2.-Do you have anything to say for yourself?-Yes,theres one point _ we must insist on.（江西）（江西）高考题链接：高考题链接：做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择恰当做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。的关系词。where/现在学习的是第18页，共26页 wherethat1.This is the library_I borrowed the book.2.It is from this library_I borrowed the book.where定语从句定语从句that强调句型强调句型综合考查一：定语从句与强调句综合考查一：定语从句与强调句3.-Where did you last see Mr.Smith?-It was in the hotel _ I lived.难点三难点三.综合考查综合考查近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句强调句、名词性从名词性从句句和和状语从句状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。友情提示友情提示where现在学习的是第19页，共26页综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句1.We all have heard the news_ our team won.2.We dont believe the news _ he told us yesterday.that that/which综合考查综合考查三：定语从句与表语从句三：定语从句与表语从句 The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.（江苏）（江苏）that/whichatwhich where现在学习的是第20页，共26页现在学习的是第21页，共26页1.We should go to the place_ we are most needed.2.We should go to the place_ needs us most.A.it B.where C.that D.whatBC 3.It was October_we met in Damiao for the first time.4.It was in October_we met in Damiao for the first time.A.that B.which C.when D.whileCA对比训练对比训练现在学习的是第22页，共26页 5.He is such a good teacher_ we all like him.6.He is such a good teacher_ we all like.A.whom B.that C.as D.whichBC 7.The news came_ the British Queens mother celebrated her 101th birthday in good health,_ isnt surprising,because she lives an easy life and gets the best medical care.A.that;which B.which;which C.that;that D.when;as 现在学习的是第23页，共26页8.Heleftthekey_hehadbeenanhourbefore.Helefttheplace_helivedformanyyears.(where引导地点状语从句，相当于引导地点状语从句，相当于intheplacewhere)(where引导定语从句，修饰引导定语从句，修饰theplace)现在学习的是第24页，共26页Practice makes perfect.根据下列内容根据下列内容,运用定语从句写一篇运用定语从句写一篇五句话五句话的的文章介绍中国文章介绍中国.1.众所周知众所周知,中国有中国有960万平方公里的土地万平方公里的土地,是是世界第三大国世界第三大国.2.中国有中国有56个民族个民族,其中汉族人其中汉族人(theHanEthnic)占占94%3.中国有许多大河流中国有许多大河流,其中长江其中长江,黄河是最重要黄河是最重要的河流的河流.4.曾有一段时间曾有一段时间,中国的经济落后于世界许多中国的经济落后于世界许多国家国家.5.随着经济的增长随着经济的增长,中国人被歧视的日子一去中国人被歧视的日子一去不复返不复返,所有中国人都为此感到自豪所有中国人都为此感到自豪.现在学习的是第25页，共26页感感谢谢大大家家观观看看现在学习的是第26页，共26页