黑龙江省宁安市高考英语一轮复习阅读理解选练68.pdf

第 1 页 黑龙江宁安市 2021 高考英语阅读理解选练 阅读理解。阅读以下短文,从给四个选项(A、B、C 与 D)中,选出最正确选项。【2021江西省高三上学期七校联考】A year ago August，Dave Fuss lost his job driving a truck for a small company in west Michigan.His wife，Gerrie，was still working in the local school cafeteria，but work for Dave was scarce，and the price of everything was rising.The Fusses were at risk of joining the millions of Americans who have lost their homes in recent years.Then Dave and Gerrie received a timely gift$7,000，a legacy(遗产)from their neighbors Ish and Arlene Hatch who died in an accident.“It really made a difference when we were going under financially，says Dave.But the Fusses werent the only folks in Alto and the neighboring town of Lowell to receive the unexpected legacy from the Hatches.Dozens of other families were touched by the Hatches generosity.In some cases，it was a few thousand dollars；in others，it was more than$100,000.It surprised nearly everyone that the Hatches had so much money，more than$3 millionthey were an elderly couple who lived in an old house on what was left of the family farm.Children of the Great Depression，Ish and Arlene were known for their habit of saving.They liked comparison shopping and would routinely go from store to store，checking prices before making a new purchase.第 2 页 Through the years，the Hatches paid for local children to attend summer camp when their parents couldnt afford it.“Ish and Arlene never asked if you needed anything，says their friend Sandy Van Weelden.“They could see things they could do to make you happier，and they would do them.Even more extraordinary was that the Hatches had their farmland distributed.It was the Hatches wish that their legacya legacy of kindness as much as one of dollars and centsshould enrich the whole community and last for generations to come.Neighbors helping neighborsthat was Ish and Arlene Hatchs story.1According to the text，the Fusses_.Awere employed by a truck company Bwere in financial difficulty Cworked in a school cafeteria Dlost their home 2Which of the following is true of the Hatches AThey had their children during the Great Depression.BThey left the family farm to live in an old house.CThey gave away their possessions to their neighbors.DThey helped their neighbors to find jobs.3Why would the Hatches routinely go from store to store AThey decided to open a store.第 3 页 BThey wanted to save money.CThey couldnt afford expensive things.DThey wanted to buy gifts for local kids.4According to Sandy Van Weelden，the Hatches were_.Aunderstanding Boptimistic Cchildlike Dcurious 5What can we learn from the text AThe community of Alto was poor.BThe summer camp was attractive to the parents.CSandy Van Weelden got a legacy from the Hatches.DThe Hatches would like the neighbors to follow their example.语篇解读 在 Fuss 一家陷入财政危机时，他们收到了邻居 Hatch 夫妇遗产，从而渡过了难关。1解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“The Fusses were at risk of joining the millions of Americans who have lost their homes in recent years.以及“It really made a difference when we were going under financially可知，Fuss 一家陷入了财政危机。答案：B 2 解析：细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Dozens of other families were touched by the Hatches generosity.可知，Hatch 夫妇把他们财产赠给了他们邻居。答案：C 3解析：推理判断题。由文章第四段中“They liked comparison 第 4 页 shopping and would routinely go from store to store，checking prices before making a new purchase.可推知，他们想节省钱。答案：B 4解析：推理判断题。由倒数第三段中 Sandy Van Weelden 所说话可推知，Hatch 夫妇善解人意。答案：A 5解析：推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段第二句可推知，Hatch 夫妇想让邻居们以他们为典范，将这种善举延续下去。答案：D。2021 高考英语阅读理解精练阅读下面短文，选择最正确答案。“Long time no see is a very interesting sentenceWhen I first read this sentence from an American friends email，I laughedI thought it was a perfect example of Chinglish Obviously，it is a word-by-word literal translation of the Chinese greetings with a ruled English grammar and structure!Later on，my friend told me that it is a standard American greetingI was too thrilled to believe herHer words could not convince me at allSo I did a research on googlecomTo my surprise，there are over 60 thousand web pages containing“Long time no see This sentence has been widely used in emails，letters，newspapers，movies，books，or any other possible placesThough it is sort of informal，it is part of the language that Americans use daily Ironically，if you type this phrase in Microsoft Word，the software will tell you that the grammar needs to be corrected 第 5 页 Nobody knows the origin of this Chinglish sentenceSome people believe that it came from Charlie Chans moviesIn the 1930s，Hollywood moviemakers successfully created a world wide famous Chinese detective named“Charlie Chan on wide screensDetective Chan likes to teach Americans some Chinese wisdom by quoting Confucius“Long time no see was his trademarkSoon after Charlie Chan，“Long time no see became a popular phrase in the real world with thanks to the popularity of these movies Some scholars refer to America as a huge pot of stewAll kinds of culture are mixed in the stew together，and they change the color and taste of each otherAmerican Chinese，though a minority ethnic少数民族成员 group in the United States，is also contributing some changes to the stew!Language is usually the first thing to be influenced in the mixed stew You can have some other examples than adoptions from Chinese，such as pizza from Italian，susi from Japanese，and dj vu from French etc There is a long list!Americans do not just simply borrow something from othersThey will modify it and make it their own，so you would not be surprised to find a tofu and peanut butter hamburger in a restaurant，or to buy a bottle of iced Chinese green tea with honey in a grocery storeSince Americans appreciate Chinese culture more and more nowadays，I believe more Chinese words will become American English in the futureIn this way the American stew keeps adding richness and flavor 第 6 页 1The writer himself felt surprised at _ Athe Chinglish expression“Long time no see B“Long time no see used as standard American English Cso many literal translation of the expressions used in America Dfinding out Americans use the expression every day 2The word“stew in the 4th paragraph probably means _ Amixture literature BConfucius words Ca kind of cooked dish DAmerican changing cultures 3According to the passage，it can be inferred that _ Adetectives translate the phrase“Long time no see BHollywood made“Long time no see popular Cthe huge pot of stew greatly affects all kinds of languages Dcultures can be changed in the huge pot of stew 4The main idea of the passage is that _ Asome Chinese expressions are introduced into English Byoull not be surprised at a tofu in a restaurant in America Csome American expressions can be used in China DAmerican English keep being enriched from different cultures 5 According to the passage，which of the following statements is not true AInformal language sometimes doesnt go with grammar and structure BLanguages are always ruled by grammar and structure C“Long time no see has been used in at least four media mentioned 第 7 页 in the passage DThere are four languages mentioned to be adopted in the American stew【参考答案】1-5、B A B D B 阅读 To err is human.To blame the other guy is even more human.Common sense is not all that common.Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse These three popular misquotes(戏谑引语)are meant to be jokes,and yet they tell us a lot about human nature.To err,or to make mistakes,is indeed a part of being human,but it seems that most people dont want to accept the responsibility for having made a mistake.They naturally look for someone else who could be responsible for the problem.Perhaps it is the natural thing to do.The original quote about human nature went like this:“To err is human,to forgive,divine(神圣).This saying mirrors an ideal:people should be forgiving of others mistakes.Instead,we tend to do the oppositefind someone else to pass the blame on to.However,taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a mark of great maturity.Common sense is what we call clear thought.Having common sense means having a good general plan that will make things work well,and 第 8 页 it also means staying with the plan.Common sense tells you that you take an umbrella out into a rainstorm,but you leave the umbrella home when you hear a weather forecast for sunshine.Common sense does not seem to be common for large organizations,because there are so many things going on that one person cannot be in charge of everything.People say that in a large company,“the right hand does not know what the left hand is doing.And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art One of the common problems with making excuses is that people,especially young people,get the idea that its okay not to be totally honest all the time.There is a corollary(直接推论)to that:if a good excuse is“good even if it isnt honest,then where is the place of the truth 1.According to the passage,which of the following seems the most human A.To search for truth.B.To achieve ones ideal.C.To make fun of others mistakes.D.To criticize others for ones own error.2.According to the author,what is a sign of a mans maturity 第 9 页 A.Doing things his own way.B.Bearing responsibility for his mistakes.C.Making as few mistakes as possible.D.Thinking seriously about his wrongdoings.3.Which of the following is NOT based on common sense A.A man tries to take charge of everything in a large company.B.A student goes out with an umbrella in stormy weather.C.A companys next move follows a good plan.D.A lawyer acts on fine judgments.4.What is the authors opinion about a good excuse A.Making a good excuse is sometimes a better policy.B.Inventing a good excuse needs creative ideas.C.A good excuse is as rewarding as honesty.D.Bitter truth is better than a good excuse.5.What would be the best title for this passage A.A Mirror of Human Nature 第 10 页 B.To Blame or to Forgive C.A Mark of Maturity D.Truth of Excuse【参考答案】64.1-5 DBADA 人物传记类(2021山东，B)George Gershwin，born in 1898，was one of Americas greatest composers.He published his first song when he was eighteen years old.During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs.Many of Gershwins songs were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in New York City.These plays were a popular form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s.Many of his songs have remained popular as ever.Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible wayfrom jazz to country.In the 1920s there was a debate in the United States about jazz music.Could jazz，some people asked，be considered serious music In 1924 jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music.Gershwin agreed to compose something for the concert before he realized he had just a few weeks to do it.And in that short time，he composed a piece for piano and orchestra which he called Rhapsody in 第 11 页 Blue.Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert.The audience were thrilled when they heard his music.It made him worldfamous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.In 1928，Gershwin went to Paris.He applied to study composition(作曲)with the wellknown musician Nadia Boulanger，but she rejected him.She was afraid that classical study would ruin his jazzinfluenced style.While there，Gershwin wrote An American in Paris.When it was first performed，critics(评论家)were divided over the music.Some called it happy and full of life，to others it was stilly and boring.But it quickly became popular in Europe and the United States.It still remains one of his most famous works.George Gershwin died in 1937，just days after doctors learned he had brain cancer.He was only thirtynine years old.Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages.People mourned the loss of the man and all the music he might have still written.【语篇解读】本文讲述了 George Gershwin 一位伟大音乐家一生，对音乐界及世界影响。13Many of Gershwins musical works were_.Awritten about New Yorkers Bcomposed for Paul Whiteman Cplayed mainly in the countryside Dperformed in various ways 解析 细节理解题。根据原文第二段末 Over the years they have been sung 第 12 页 and played in every possible wayfrom jazz to country.其中“they指代Gershwins musical works，“in every possible way 与 various ways属于同义替换，所以选 D。答案 D 14What do we know about the concert organized by Whiteman AIt attracted more people to theatres.BIt proved jazz could be serious music.CIt made Gershwin leader of the orchestra.DIt caused a debate among jazz musicians.解析 细节理解题。根据原文第三段中 In 1924,jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music.其中“show that jazz was serious music与 B选项是表达一个意思，所以选 B。答案 B 15What did Gershwin do during his stay in Paris AHe created one of his best works.BHe studied with Nadia Boulanger.CHe argued with French critics.DHe changed his music style.解析 细节理解题。根据原文第四段中“It still remains one of his most famous works.其中 it 指就是 An American in Paris，“one of his most famous works.即 A 选项中 one of his best works。答案 A 第 13 页 16What do we learn from the last paragraph AMany of Gershwins works were lost.BThe death of Gershwin was widely reported.CA concert was held in memory of Gershwin.DBrain cancer research started after Gershwins death.解析 推理判断题。根据原文最后一段，“Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages.即说明了 B 选项“The death of Gershwin was widely reported.故 B 正确。其它选项均没有涉及。答案 B 17Which of the following best describes Gershwin ATalented and productive.BSerious and boring.CPopular and unhappy.DFriendly and honest.解析 主旨大意题。从全文看，这个人不可能用 boring 这样感情色彩负面词来形容，故B错误；文中提到他popular，但没有说他unhappy，故C错误；friendly与 honest 在文中没有具体表达，没有根据，故 D 错误；A 选项中 talented 有天分，productive 多产，准确地描述了 Gershwin 作为一个作曲家所具备素质。答案 A