2014高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项50-328644.pdf

2014 高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项 50-32 A Banks view online banking as a powerful“value-added”tool to attract and keep new customers while helping to eliminate costly paper handling or teller（出纳员）interactions in an increasingly competitive banking environment.Today,most large national banks,many local banks and credit unions offer some form of online banking,variously known as PC banking,home banking,electronic banking or Internet banking.Online banks are sometimes referred to as“brick-to-click”banks,both to tell them from“brick-to-mortar”banks that havent yet offered online banking,as well as from“virtual”（虚拟）banks that have no physical branches or tellers whatsoever.The challenge for the banking industry has been to design this new service channel in such a way that its customers will readily learn to use and trust it.Most of the large banks can now offer fully safe,fully functional（功能的）online banking for free or for a small cost.As more banks succeed online and more customers use their sites,fully functional online banking will likely become as commonplace as automated teller machines(ATM).Online banking has a lot of advantages.Unlike your corner bank,online banking sites never close;theyre at hand 24 hours a day,seven days a week and theyre a mouse click away.If youre out of state or even out of the country when a money problem appears,you can log on instantly to your online bank and take care of business.Online bank sites generally carry out and confirm（确认）deals at or quicker than ATM processing speeds.Many online banking sites now offer fashionable tools to help you manage all of your valuable items more effectively.1.The word“eliminate”in the first paragraph probably means“”.A.keep B.remove C.reduce D.improve 答案解析：答案为 B。本题为词义推断题。结合该词在第一段的前后文，银行认为网上银行是一种强大的增值工具,可以用它来吸引和维护新的客户，同时也可以帮助“to eliminate costly paper handling or”，此处 costly 意为“昂贵的，代价高的”,由此可知，eliminate 意为“去除”。故选 B。2.What is the challenge for the banking industry according to the text?A.To make online banking attractive.B.To open new services all over the world.C.To offer online banking for free.D.To take care of business 24 hours a day.答案解析：答案为 A。本题为段落主旨题。第三段的首句为本段的中心句，提到了“The challenge for the banking industrythat its customers will readily learn to use and trust it.”即银行业面对的挑战是让客户学习使用和信任这种新的服务，第三段后面的内容都是对中心句进行解释和说明。故答案为 A，让网上银行变得具有吸引力。解答此题同样要注意同义句的转换。3.From the text we can conclude that .A.“brick-to-click”banks are in fact another kind of physical banks B.the function of a“brick-to-click”bank is as common as that of an ATM C.a“brick-to-mortar”bank is no better than a virtual one D.customers can deal with their banking by a mouse click 答案解析：答案为 D。本题为细节理解题。从第二段“Online banks are sometimes referred to as“brick-to-click”banks,both to tell them from“brick-to-mortar”banks that havent yet offered online banking,as well as from“virtual”（虚拟）banks that have no physical branches or tellers whatsoever.”可知，网上银行有时候被称作是“brick-to-click”银行，不同于没有网上银行业务的“brick-to-mortar”银行;网上银行也是虚拟银行，没有实体的分行，故A 不对；C 选项中 no better than 意为“和.一样不好”,与文意不符。在第三段最后一句话“fully functional online banking will likely become as commonplace as automated teller machines(ATM).”中，注意“will likely”,故 B 选项不对。通过分析知，网上银行被称作是“brick-to-click”银行,可知 D 选项的意思“顾客凭借鼠标就可以进行网上银行操作”与文意符合。故答案为 D。4.What would be the best title for this text?A.Banking of Various Forms B.Improvement of Banking Industry C.Development of Online Banking D.Functions of the“Brick-to-Click”Bank 答案解析：答案为 C。本题考查文章的标题。本文都是在围绕网上银行展开，故答案为C。B Awareness Weeks（认知宣传周）have become a regular part of Britains cultural landscape over the past few years.They started back in 1957,when one charity（慈善机构）,Christian Aid,decided to make all its money-raising efforts on one time of year.It was thought that by doing this they would get more publicity for their cause.They were right,and soon other charities and campaign（活动）groups followed them.These days,most donations（捐款）to charity are not collected on the streets.So instead of just asking for money,charities prefer to spend their time“raising awareness”spreading knowledge of the work they do or the cause they support.They also compete with businesses and trade groups who use awareness weeks as marketing campaigns for their products.There are now 500 awareness weeks held every year in the UK.No week goes by without one group or another trying to make the British public aware of something,with most held in May or October.The danger with all these awareness weeks is that people start to become cynical(不信任).Take National Smile Week;it seems like a great idea.Lets all make each others life a little bit happier with a friendly smile.But really its just a group of dentists and cosmetics companies trying to sell us toothpaste.Its enough to make you want to start National Forget About It Week.“People feel that many awareness campaigns are just marketing exercises,”says Ms Ormiston,who edits the Awareness Campaign Register,a news letter which encourages people who run Awareness Weeks to become more aware of each other.“But 90 per cent of campaigns are run by traditional charities or not for groups to make money.”“Theres still no official group for awareness campaigns,”says Ms Ormiston.“People can do what they like,whatever the size of their budgets（经费）or their public relations machines allows.”This situation has led to calls for laws to stop real charities having their efforts overshadowed by marketing campaigns.This could be done by makin g the two groups hold their weeks at different times or stopping businesses running imitation(模仿)charity campaigns.But there is another way.Maybe its time for National Weak Awareness Week,especially for people whose awareness of Awareness Weeks is weak.1.Whats the main purpose of awareness weeks run by charities in Britain?A.To raise money for charities.B.To spread knowledge of charities.C.To take up marketing campaigns.D.To advertise their goods for sale.答案解析：答案为 A。本题为细节题。从第一段第二句话“decided to make all its money-raising efforts on one time of year.”可知，答案为 A。2.Why do people start to become cynical about awareness weeks?A.Too many awareness weeks make people feel bored.B.People feel many awareness weeks are just for marketing exercises.C.People have a weak awareness of awareness weeks.D.Awareness weeks are held too often and too much money is raised.答案解析：答案为 B。本题为细节题。第四段中提到了人们开始对认知宣传周不满意，第五段中首句“People feel that many awareness campaigns are just marketing exercises”可知，答案为 B。3.What does Ms Ormiston think about awareness weeks?A.Most of the awareness weeks should not be for making money.B.Official groups should take the place of charities in awareness campaigns.C.People can do what they like in awareness weeks.D.People can get larger budgets through awareness campaigns.答案解析：答案为 A。本题为细节题。从第五段的最后一句话“But 90 per cent of campaigns are run by traditional charities or not for groups to make money.”可知，答案为 A。在第六段中 Ms Ormiston 提到认知宣传活动没有正式的群体（no official group for awareness campaigns），因而人们可以做他们想做的，不考虑到活动经费或者公共关系机器所允许的范围。故 B，C，D 都与文意不符。4.Which of the following is the right measure to be taken to solve the problems in awareness campaigns?A.Laws should stop awareness weeks run by real charities.B.There should be large public relations departments in awareness campaigns.C.Business and awareness campaigns should not be held at the same place.D.Marketing campaigns should not be in the name of charity ones.答案解析：答案为 D。本题为推理题。从倒数第二段首句“This situation has led to calls for laws to stop real charities having their efforts overshadowed by marketing campaigns.”可知，要解决前面提到的问题就要制定法律来阻止真正的慈善活动被市场营销活动所过度遮蔽，言外之意就是市场营销活动不应在慈善活动的名义下进行。故答案为 D。A 选项与文意不符；B 选项未提及。倒数第二段的第二句话“This could be done by making the two groups hold their weeks at different times or stopping businesses running imitation charity campaigns.”可知，文中提到了“different times”，而非 C 选项的“not be held at the same place”,故 C 选项不正确。5.Whats the writers view on Awareness Weeks?A.National Forget About It Week should be held to stop awareness weeks.B.National Smile Week is a great idea to improve peoples life.C.National Weak Awareness Week can help people better understand awareness weeks.D.Awareness Weeks should be stopped because of marketing campaigns.答案解析：答案为 C。本题考查作者的观点态度。最后一段中，作者提到“Maybe its time for National Weak Awareness Week,especially for people whose awareness of Awareness Weeks is weak.”，由此可知，作者认为对那些认知宣传周意识薄弱的人要进行宣传，言外之意就是 National Weak Awareness Week 可以帮助人们更好的理解认知宣传周。故答案为C。A，B,D 都与文意不符。2014 高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项 50-34 A Walk through the Amazon rainforest today and you will find it is steamy,warm,damp and thick.But if you had been around 15,000 years ago,during the last ice age,would it have been the same?For more than 30 years,scientists have been arguing about how rainforests like the Amazon might have reacted（反应）to the cold,dry climates of the ice ages,but until now,no one has reached a satisfying answer.Rainforests like the Amazon are important for mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to slow global warming.Currently the trees in the Am azon take in around 500 mi llion tones of CO2 each year;equal to the total amount of CO2 giving off in the UK each year.But how will the Amazon react to future climate change?If it gets drier,will it still survive and continue to draw down CO2?Scientists hope that they will be able to learn in advance how the rainforest will manage in the future by understanding how rainforests reacted to climate change in the past.Unfortunately,getting into the Amazon rainforest and collecting information are very difficult.To study past climate,scientists need to look at fossilized pollen,kept in lake muds.Going back to the last ice age means drilling deep down into lake sediments（沉淀物）,which requires specialized equipment and heavy machinery.There are very few roads and paths,or places to land helicopters and aeroplanes.Rivers tend to be the easiest way to enter the forest,but this still leaves vast areas between the rivers completely unsampled（未取样）.So far,only a handful of cores have been drilled that go back to the last ice age and none of them provide enough information to prove how the Amazon rainforest reacts to climate change.1.The underlined phrase“mopping up”in the second paragraph means _.A.cleaning up B.taking in C.wiping out D.giving out 答案解析：答案为 B。本题为词义推断题。结合上下文，与 mopping up 并列的是“helping to slow global warming”，由此可以推断，mop up 就是去除 CO2；并且后面的“Currently the trees in the Amazon take in around 500 million tones of CO2 each year”中的“take in”也对此进行了呼应，故答案为 B。“clean up”意为“清洁”；“wipe out”意为“消灭，彻底摧毁”；“give out”意为“分发，散发”。2.How will the Amazon rainforest react to future climate change?A.Itll get drier and continue to remove C O 2.B.Itll remain steamy,warm,damp and thick C.Itll get warmer and then colder and drier.D.There is no exact answer up to present.答案解析：答案为 D。本题为细节题。第二段提出问题，第三段进行探索问题。结合第三段首句“Unfortunately,getting into the Amaz on rainforest and collecting information are very difficult.”和最后一句“So far,only a handful of cores have been drilled that go back to the last ice age and none of them provide enough information to prove how the Amazon rainforest reacts to climate change.”可知，收集信息非常困难，即使目前收集到的一点信息也没有哪一点可以作出证明。故答案为 D。3.Whats the main idea of the last paragraph?A.Its important to drill deep down into lake sediments to collect information.B.Its impossible to prove how climate changes in the Amazon rainforest.C.Its hard to collect information for studies of the past climate in the Amazon rainforest.D.Its necessary to have specialized equipment and machinery to study the past climate.答案解析：答案为 C。从第三段的最后一句话“So far,only a handful of cores have been drilled that go back to the last ice age and none of them provide enough information to prove how the Amazon rainforest reacts to climate change.”可知，答案为 C。B 选项显得绝对。4.The best title for this passage may probably be_.A.Studies of the Amazon B.Climates of the Amazon C.Secrets of the Rainforests D.Changes of the Rainforests 答案解析：答案为 C。本文第一段前两句提出问题，第三句话引入文本的讨论点：热带雨林的变化。下文以亚马逊热带雨林为例进行研究，最终发现很难收集资料去证明热带雨林的变化，热带雨林的秘密有待人们去探索。故答案为 C。本文的重心是在讨论如何收集到足够的证据来证明热带雨林的变化，而不是揭示热带雨林有何变化。故排除干扰性最强的 D 选项。B Wind is the great maker of waves.There are exceptions,such as the tidal(潮汐的)waves sometimes produced by earthquakes under the sea.But the waves most of us know are produced by winds blowing over the sea.Now before constructing an imaginary life history of a typical wave,we need to know certain physical things about it.A wave has height,from trough(low point)to crest(high Point).It has long-the distance from this crest to that of the following wave.The period of the wave means the time it takes for succeeding crests to pass a fixed point.None of these things stays the same-for all depend upon the wind,upon the depth of the water and many other matters.The water that makes up a wave does not advance with it across the sea.Each drop of water turns around in a little circle with the passing of the wave,but returns very nearly to its original position.And it is fortunate that this is so.For if th e huge masses of water that make up a wave actually moved across the sea,sailing would be impossible.If we want to find the speed of a wave,we may use the following way:Speed=wavelength frequency Here,wavelength is the distance between two high points(crests),frequency means the number of cycles per second 1.What causes waves?A.Earthquakes and nothing else.B.Only win d.C.Wind causes most waves.D.Wind causes some waves.答案解析：答案为 C。本题为细节题。由第一段的最后一句话“But the waves most of us know are produced by winds blowing over the sea.”可知，答案为 C。2.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.The water of a wave moves away across the sea.B.The water of a wave remains almost at the same place.C.The water of a wave goes with the passing of the wave.D.The length of a wave means the distance from the top of a wave to the bottom.答案解析：答案为 B。本题为细节题。从第三段“The water that makes up a wave does not advance with it across the sea.Each drop of water turns around in a little circle with the passing of the wave,but returns very nearly to its original position.”可知，组成波的水并不随着波的前进而前进，每一滴水随着波的前进形成了一个小圆圈，但是几乎回到原位置。故 A，C错误，B 选项正确。最后一段提到“Here,wavelength is the distance between two high points(crests)”,故答案 D 错误。3.The speed of Wave 1 is 100 cm/s,frequency 10.The frequency of Wave 2 is 300,while its speed is twice that of Wave 1.Which of the following is right?A.The wavelengths of the two are equal.B.The wavelength of Wave 1 is 10 times longer than that of Wave 2.C.The wavelength of Wave 2 is longer than that of Wave 1.D.The wavelength of Wave 1 is longer than that of Wave 2.答案解析：答案为 D。本题为计算题。按照后文提到的公式“Speed=wavelength frequency”即可计算出答案为 D。2014 高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项 50-35 A During times of trouble,Franklin Delano Roosevelt spoke from a small room without a fireplace in the White House basement to millions of Americans.In his calm and conversational manner,he reassured（使恢复信心）the nation in the depths of the Great Depression（大萧条）and through a World War.Saul Bellow described his own experience of listening to President Roosevelt,hold the nation together,using only a radio and the power of his personalit