新目标英语九年级第3单元知识点.pdf

.1/6 第三单元 知识点：1、Could you please?意为请你好吗？,是表示请求的礼貌用语,后接动词原形.其否定形式是在 please 后加 not.eg:Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?Could you please not play soccer on the street?注：1、could 为情态动词,意为能,会,可以,在此处表示委婉的语气,并非 can 的过去式,故宾语从句不需用过去时态.eg:Could you please tell me_?A.where I can get a dictionary B.where can I get a dictionary C.where I could get a dictionary D.where could I get a dictionary 解析:因为宾语从句要求使用陈述句语序,故排除 B、D 两项,又因 could 表委婉的语气 而非 can 的过去式,故宾语从句不需用过去的时态,因此选 A 2、Could you please.?的答语 肯定回答：Sure./Of course./Certainly/No problem/Id love/like to.等 否定回答:Sorry,I cant/Sorry,Id love/like to,but/Sorry,Im afraid not.等 eg:-Could you go shopping with me？-_.My father and I will go to Wuhan tomorrow.A.I think so B.Yes,I hope so C.Im afraid so D.Sorry,I m afraid not 解析：根据答语可知对方不去,其否定回答通常用 Sorry,I cant/Sorry,Im afraid not 等,故选 D 3、表示委婉的请求与请求允许做某事的句型还有：Would/Will you please do sth?Would you like to do sth?2、名词作定语：名词可以用来修饰另一个名词,表示材料、类别、用途等.名词作定语时常使用单数形式.eg：a shoe factory 鞋厂 a fruit shop 水果店 注：1、sport 作定语时常用复数形式 a sports car 一辆跑车 sports shoes 运动鞋 2、man 和 woman 作定语时有数的变化,其单复数形式与其所修饰的名词的数保持 一致.a man teacher 一位男教师 two men teachers 两位男教师 3、辨析：past,over,across 与 through Past 从旁边经过 表示时间上的超过或空间上的通过 Over 从上方跨越而过 表示动作发生在物体的上方 Across 横穿；越过 表示动作是在某一物体的表面进行的,强调从一端到另一端 Through 穿过；越过 表示动作是在某一空间内进行的,强调从内部穿过 eg:1、The man is walking past a shop.2、There is a bridge over the river.3、The little boy is walking across the road.4、He can go through the forest by himself.4、疑问词+动词不定式 to do 结构可在句中作主语、宾语和表语,常见的疑问词包括：疑问代词 what、who、which 和疑问副词 where、when、why、how 等 eg:1、How to get there is a question.2/6 2、We dont know when to have a meeting.3、The problem is how to choose.4、-Which dress do you like best,Madam?-Sorry,I cant decide _ now.A.to buy which one B.buy which one C.which one to buy D.which I should buy it 解析：此题考查疑问词+动词不定式,故排除 A、B,又因 D 选项中 which 作 buy 的宾语,不用再加 it,故排除 D,因此选 C 注：含有宾语从句的复合句在一定的条件下可以转化为简单句 若主句的主语与从句的主语一致,则由疑问词引导的宾语从句可以变成疑问词+动词不定式的结构 Eg 1、I dont know how I should do it next.-I dont know how to do it next.2、Have you decided where you will take a vacation?Have you decided _ _ _ a vacation?解析：where to take,因为在宾语从句中,主句的主语和从句的主语是一致的,故可以换成疑问词+动词不定式结构 5、Pardon me 的用法 1、要打扰别人时,意为对不起,劳驾,打扰一下,相当于 Excuse me Pardon me,is this your handbag?对不起,这是你的手提包吗?2、没听清对方的话,希望对方重复一遍时,意为什么,请再说一遍,读时用升调 相当于 Pardon?或 I beg your pardon?Pardon me,I couldnt hear it clearly.请再说一次,我没能听清楚.3、对自己的过错、失礼等表示歉意时,意为对不起 Oh,pardon me,I didn,t mean to interrupt you.哦,对不起,我不是有意要打扰你 Eg:-Open the window please,Mike.-_?I didnt hear what you said.A.What B.Pardon C.Really D.All right 解析：根据答语中我没有听清你说什么可知,是要求对方重说一遍.故选 B 6、当名词所有格限定的是表示住宅、诊所、商店等的名词时,该名词通常可以省略 eg：1、They are at the doctors .他们在诊所.2、He is going to his aunts this Sunday.这个星期天他打算去他姑姑家.3、at the barbers 在理发店 4、-Where is Mike?-He might be _.A.in Jim B.in Jims C.at Jim D.at Jims 解析：在家应用 at,又因名词所有格限定的是表示住宅的名词,而且在此省略.故选 D 7、spend、take、cost 与 pay Sb spend some money/some time on/doing sth 花费时间、金钱做某事 Sb pay some money for sth 做某事花费某人多长时间 Sth cost Sb some money 某物花费某人多少钱 It takes sb some time to do sth 做某事花费某人多长时间 eg:I spent one hundred yuan buying/on the present.3/6 I paid one hundred yuan for the present.The present cost me one hundred yuan.It took me 30 minutes to get to school.I _ some of my free time playing basketball for my school team.A.spend B.cost C.take D.pay 解析：由主语是 I 可排除 B、C,又因 spenddoing sth,payfor与 playing 可知此题 选A 8、include 与物动词,意为包括,包含.Including 用作介词时,意为包括 eg:The price includes both the house and the furniture in it.There are seven people in my family,including my grandparents.9、such as 与 for example such as 意为例如,用来列举同类人或事物中的几个作为例子 for example 意为例如,一般只以同类食物或人中的一个为例,作插入语,用逗号隔开,可置于句首、句中或句末 eg:China has many big cities,such as Beijing,Shanghai and Shenzhen.Noise,for example,is a kind of pollution.10、词性转换：1、许多动词的后面可加后缀 er 或 or 构成名词 speak-speaker write-writer invent-inventor visit-visitor 2、形容词后加 ly 变成相应的副词 direct-directly polite-politely correct-correctly eg Tom thinks people will help him if he asks for help _ 解析：空格处需用副词来修饰前面的动词 asks,故填 politely 3、加否定前缀构成反义词 A.dis-表示分开；分离；不 likedislike agree-disagree B.in-表示不,无 possibleimpossible polite-impolite directindirect expensive-inexpensive C.un-表示不,非 able-unable like-unlike crowded-uncrowded happyunhappy healthy-unhealthy 4、形容词转化为名词 important-importance convenient-convenience confident-confidence 5、名词转化为形容词 safe-safety danger-dangerous 11、to 为介词的短语 look forward to 盼望；期待 lead in to 引入；导入 12、request 可数名词,意为要求；请求,其后常接 for+n,意为要求；请求 request 与物动词,意为要求：请求,常见用法有：1、request sth ,意为向某人请求某事/某物 The man requested some hot water from me.2、request sb to do sth 请求某人做某事 She requested me to stop to listen to her.3、request+that 从句从句用虚拟语气：should+动词原形,should 可以省略,意为请 .4/6 求 I requested that she come an hour earlier.13、suggest 与物动词,意为建议；提议,名词形式为 suggestion,意为建议；提议.其用法为：1、suggest sth 提议、建议某事 He suggested a walk 2、suggest doing sth 建议做某事 She suggested going there by bike.3、suggest+that 引导的宾语从句,意为建议,这时宾语从句要用虚拟语气,谓语动词用should+动词原形 He suggested we do it at once.Suggest 还可意为暗示；表明 His pale face suggested that he was ill.14、staff 集体名词,意为管理人员；职工,指整体时,看作单数；指成员时,看作复数.We need more staff in the office.The staff in the shop are very helpful.The staff _ to wear uniforms in the office.A.is asking B.ask C.are asking D.are asked 解析：staff 指成员,看作复数,所以排除 A、B,又因 staff 与 ask 之间表被动,故选 D 15、until 是介词,意为到为止,常用于 notuntil 结构中,意思是直到才 She didnt go to bed until 10 oclock.until 也可作连词,其后接句子 I watched TV until he came back.eg:Tom didnt go to bed _ he finished his homework last night.A.since B.as C.until D.while 解析：since 自从,as当的时候,until直到为止,while 当的时候,根据句意,此题考查 notuntil,直到才,故选 C 练习：一、单项选择 1、-Could you please tell me_?-Theyre over there.A.where are the restrooms B.where were the restrooms C.where the restrooms are D.where the restrooms were 2、Excuse me,can I interview Mr.Miller this afternoon?-A moment,please.Let me check .A.if Mr.Miller will be free B.when will Mr.Miller have time C.if Mr.Miller had an appointment D.when does Mr.Miller come back 3、Could you well me _?A.whats the matter with Tom B.what the matter with Tom is C.what the matter with is Tom D.what was the matter with Tom 4、Some people wont realize the importance of their health _ they have lost it.A.after B.when C.until D.as 5、Please speak _.I cant follow you.A.quick B.quickly C.slow D.slowly .5/6 6、I enjoy playing computer games,but I cant _ too much time_ that.A.take;doing B.spend;doing C.spend;for doing D.take;to do 7、It will take the men half a year _ the work.A.finish B.finishing C.to finish D.finishes 8、Thanks a lot for _ me _ your party.A.invite;for B.invite;to C.inviting;for D.inviting;to 9、He would like in China.A.to stay B.staying C.stays D.stayed 10、It _ me two hours _ my homework on Sundays.A.spendsdoing B.takes to do C.takes on D.spend to do 11、He often plays computer games _ twelve oclock.A when B to C until D for 12、You cant go _ the door.A.through B.along C.across D.over 13、Could you tell me the way _ the zoo?A.on B.to C.in D.of 14、This singer sang many songs,_ some of Liu Huans.A.besides B.including C.without D.beside 15、The moonlight is shining in _ the window.Everything in the room looks so nice.A.over B.across C.through D.past 16、Yesterday I met Amy_.A.on my way home B.in my way home C.on my way to home D.in my way to home 17、How much did you pay _ that bike?A.over B.off C.on D.for 18、-How was your trip to Lianyungang?-Wonderful.On the way _ Huaguo Mountain,we saw some houses different from ours.A.to B.by C.at D.on 19、Walk _ the supermarket and turn left _ the second crossing.A.pass;at B.past;in C.passed;on D.past;at 20、Turn right _ the first crossing and the park is _ your right.A.on,on B.at,at C.at,on D.on,at 21、Mr.Greens office is _ the 26th floor.You can take the lift there.A.at B.in C.on D.for 22、to school,they met their Chinese teacher.A.On their ways B.On them ways C.On their way D.On them way 二、补全对话 23、完成下列对话.选择恰当的句子,完成下列对话.A:_1_ B:Yes,please.Could you tell me the way to the First Peoples Hospital?A:Let me see.Oh,its far from here.B:_2_ .6/6 A:About five miles._3_ B:Which bus should I take?A:The No.1 bus will take you there.B:_4_ A:Its about 30 minutes.B:Thanks for your help.A:_5_ A.Thats OK.B.You can take a bus to go there.C.Can I help you?D.How long does it take to get there?E.How far is it?24、补全对话,根据对话内容,在空白处填入恰当的表达.A：Excuse me.Is there a _1_ near here?I want to buy some books on the computer.B：No.The nearest one is on the Third Street.A：_2_ is it from here?B：Its about three kilometers from here.A：Can I go there by bus?B：Yes,you can take a _3_ 18 bus.A：Wheres the bus stop?B：Go down this _4_ and turn right at the second crossing.The bus stop is on your left.A：Thanks a lot.B：_5_.参考答案 一、选择题 1、C2、A 3、A4、C5、D6、B7、C.it 是形式主语,后面的动词不定式才是真正的主语.8、D9、A would like to do sth.固定搭配 10、B 11、C12、A13、B14、B15、C16、A17、D18、A19、D20、C21、C22、C on ones way to+地点名词意为在某人去的路上,故选 C.二、补全对话 23、1C 2E 3B 4D 5A 24、1.bookshop/bookstore 2.How far 3.No./number 4.road/street 5.Youre welcome.