初中英语语法第八讲.pdf
2009 年英语复习八：状语从句的考点解说和训练 八、状语从句 【考点直击】1.时间状语从句 2.条件状语从句 3.原由状语从句 4.结果状语从句 5.比较状语从句 6.目的状语从句 7.退步状语从句 8.地址状语从句 【名师点睛】用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。依据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地址状语从句，条件状语从句，原由状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，退步状语从句。1.时间状语从句 (1)时间状语从句常用 when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas等连词 来指引。比如：Itwasraininghardwhengottoschoolyesterday.Whilehewasdoinghishomework,thetelephonerang.Ashewalkedalongthelake,hesanghappily.HehadlearnedalittleChinesebeforehecametoChina.Afterhefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkinafactory.(2)在时间状语从句里，往常不用未来时态，用此刻时态表示未来的动作或状态。比如：(3)在带有 till或 until 指引的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，假如主句用一定式，其含义是“向来 到时”，谓语动词只好用持续性动词。假如主句用否认式，其含义是“直到才”,“在从前不”,谓语动词可用瞬时动词。比如：Theyoungmanreadtillthelightwentout.Letswaituntiltherainstops.WewontstartuntilBobcomes.Dontgetoffuntilthebusstops.2.条件状语从句 (1)条件状语从句往常由 if,unless指引。比如：Whatshallwedoifitsnowstomorrow?DontleavethebuildingunlessItellyouto.(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词往常用此刻时态表示未来的动作或状态。比如：(3)“祈使句+and(or)+陈说句”在乎思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。比如：Hurryup,oryoullbelate.=Ifyoudon thurryup,youllbelate.Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.3.原由状语从句 (1)原由状语从句往常由because,since,as Hedidn tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.指引。比如：Asitisraining,weshallnotgothezoo.Sinceyoucan tanswerthequestion,Illasksomeoneelse.(2)because表示直接原由，语气最强。Because 指引的原由状语从句多放在主句以后。回答由 出的问题，只好用 because。As 和 since 语气较弱，一般用来表示显然的原由。由 as 导的原由状语从居多放在句首。比如：-Whyarentgoingthere?-BecauseIdon twantto.Ashehasnocar,hecantgetthereeasily.Sincewehavenomoney,wecantbuyit.和 why 提 since 引 (3)because和 so 不可以同用在一个句子里。4.结果状语从句 (1)结果状语从句由 sothat,suchthat,sothat指引。比如：Heissopoorthathecantbuyabikeforhisson.Sheissuchagoodteacherthateverybodylikesher.Mypencilfellunderthedesk,sothatIcouldntseeit.(2)sothat 语 such.that能够交换。比如：在由 so.that 指引的结果状语从句中，so 是副词，与形容词连用。其构造是:“.so 容词（副词）+that+从句”。比如：Hewassogladthathecouldntsayaword.Thehallissobigthatitcanhold2,000people.Motherlivessofarawaythatwehardlyeverseeher.在由 suchthat 指引的结果状语从句中，such 是形容词，它修饰的能够是单数或复数可数名 词，也能够是不行数名词；名词前面能够带形容词，也可不带。假如是单数可数名词，前面需加不 定冠词 a 或 an。比如：Itwassuchahotdaythatnobodywantedtodoanything.Hehadsuchlongarmsthathecouldalmosttouchtheceiling.Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathedidverywellinthemid-term.+形 有时上述两种构造是能够交换的。比如：Itwassuchawonderfulfilmthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.=Thefilmwassowonderfulthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.Itissuchanimportantmatchthatnobodywantstomissit.=Thematchissoimportantthatnobodywantstomissit.(3)假如名词前由 many,much,little,few 等词修饰时，只好用so,Soonthereweresomanydeerthattheyateupallthewildroses.Hehassolittletimethathecantgotothecinemawithyou.不用 such。比如：5.比较状语从句 比较状语从句往常由 asas,比较级+than 等连词指引。比如：TomrunsfasterthanJohndoes.Thisclassroomisasbigasthatone.6.目的状语从句 (1)目的状语从句往常由 sothat,inorderthat 指引。比如：Westartedearlysothatwecouldcatchthefirsttrain.Hestudieshardsothathecouldworkbetterinthefuture.Weusedthecomputerinorderthatwemightsavetime.(2)sothat 既可指引目的状语从句，又可指引结果状语从句。差别这两种从句的方法有两个：1)目的 状语从句里常常带有神态动词can,could,may,might 等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句常常表 示的目的很明确。比如：Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.(目的状语从句)Jackisbadlyillsothathehastorest.(结果状语从句)7.退步状语从句 (1)退步状语从句往常由 although,though等连词指引。比如：Thoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.AlthoughIamtired,Imustgoonworking.(2)although(though)不可以用在同一个句子中。比如：我们不可以说：Thoughitwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.应当说：Thoughitwasraininghard,hestillwentout.或 Itwasraininghard,buthestill wentout.8.地址状语从句 地址状语从句经常由 where 来指引。比如：Gowhereyoulike.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.【实例分析】1.(北京市海淀区试题)Youwillstayhealthy_youdomoreexercise,suchasrunningandwalking.A.ifB.howC.beforeD.where 答案：A。该题考察的是指引状语从句的附属连词的选择。从意思上看，从句应是一个条件状语从句，在这四个选项中只有 if能指引条件状语从句，因此选 A。2.(江西省试题)-Shallwegoonworking?-Yes,_Iprefertohavearest.A.whenB.ifC.becauseD.though 答案：D。该题考察的是指引状语从句的附属连词的选择。从意思上看，只有选 3.(徐州市试题)though 才能说得通。Noneofusknewwhathadhappened_theytoldusaboutit.A.whenB.untilC.afterD.though 答案：B。该题考察的是指引状语从句的附属连词选择。本句的意思是“在从前我们没人知道这件 事。”要表达着一意思应用“notuntil”这一句型。4.(泉州市试题)-Ihopeyoullenjoyyourtrip,dear!-Thankyou,mum.Illgiveyouacall_Igetthere.A.untilB.assoonasC.sinceD.till 答案：B。该题考察的是指引状语从句的附属连词的选择。要表达这个意思应采用 assoonas。【操练】此题的意思是“一到那边，我就给你打电话。”一.单项填空 1._he sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.A.ThoughB.SinceC.ForD.So 2.-Doyouknowifhe_toplaybasketballwithus?-Ithinkhewillcomeifhe_freetomorrow.A.comes;isB.comes;willbeC.willcome;isD.will come;willbe 3.Inthezooifachild_intothewaterandcant maycomeup_him.A.willfall;tohelpB.falls;tohelp C.willfall;helpD.falls;helping swim,thedolphins 4.Idontremember_heworkedinthatcitywhenhewas young.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.who 5.Wewillstayathomeifmyaunt_tovisitustomorrow.A.comesB.comeC.willcomeD.iscoming 6.Thepoliceaskedthechildren_crossthestreet_thetrafficlightsturnedgreen.A.not;beforeB.don t;whenC.notto;untilD.not;after 7.Iwaslateforclassyesterday_therewassomethingwrongwithmybike.A.whenB.thatC.untilD.because 8.IllgoswimmingwithyouifI_freetomorrow.A.willbeB.shallbeC.amD.was 9.Intheexam,the_youare,_the_mistakesyouwillmake.A.careful;littleB.morecareful;fewestC.morecareful;fewerD.morecareful;less 10.Youshouldfinishyourlessons_yougoouttopaly.A.beforeB.afterC.whenD.while 11.Ihurried_Iwouldn tbelateforclass.A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless 12.Whenyoureadthebook,youdbettermakeamark_youhaveanyquestions.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.though 13.Theteacherraisedhisvoice_allthestudentscouldhearhim.A.forB.sothatC.becauseD.inorder 14.Hetookoffhiscoat_hefelthot.A.becauseB.asC.ifD.since 15.Itis_thatwe dliketogooutforawalk.16.Maryhad_muchworktodothatshestayedatherofficeallday.A.suchB.soC.tooD.very 17._Ifeltverytired,Itriedtofinishthework.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.AsD.Asif 18._thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As 19._wellyoucandrive,youmustdrivecarefully.A.SolongasB.Inorderthat C.NomatterhowD.Themoment 20.Writetomeassoonasyou_toBeijing.A.willgetB.getC.gettingD.got 二.依据中文意思达成以下英语句子 1.不论他跟我开什麽玩笑，我都不生气。Iamnotangrywithhim,_jokeshe_onme.2.布鲁斯太太对学生特别和蔼，以致于学生把她当成母亲。MrsBrucewas_kindtoherstudents_they_her_theirmother.3.只需我们全力以赴，父亲母亲就会满意我们的表现。Ourparentswillbepleasedwithourperformance_wetryourbest.4.你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？Willyoupleasecallme_yougettoShanghai.5.这个七岁的女孩热爱钢琴，以致于他已经坚持练习两年了。Theseven-year-oldgirllikesplayingthepiano_shehaskept practicingfortwoyears.6.固然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。_,shekeptonlearningEnglishbyherself.7.他长大后相当一名记者。Hewantstobeajournalist_.8.不论起风下雨，我们的老师老是第一个到校。_windyorrainy,ourteacherisalwaysthefirsttogettoschool.9.假如人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。_toprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuch morebeautiful.10.李明昨天没来上学，由于他病了。LiMingdidntcometoschool_.【练习答案】一.1.A2.C 二.1.nomatterwhat;plays;that;regarded;as3.aslongas4.aslongas5.somuchthat 6.Thoughshewasbusy7.whenhegrowsupits9.Ifeveryonemakesacontribution10.becausehewasill
