高考英语素养大二轮专题突破考前冲刺卷二试题_.pdf

本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。浙京鲁琼版2021 新高考英语新素养大二轮专题打破考前冲刺卷二 本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。选择题局部 第一局部 听力(略)第二局部 阅读理解(一共两节，满分是 35 分)第一节(一共 10 小题；每一小题 2.5 分，满分是 25 分)阅读以下短文，从每一小题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项里面，选出最正确选项。A Elizabeth Garrett Anderson was born on 9 June,1836，in Whitechapel，East London.She was expected to marry well and live the life of a lady.However，meetings with the feminist(女权主义者)Emily Davies and Elizabeth Blackwell，the first American woman physician，convinced Elizabeth Garrett that she should become a doctor.This was unheard of at that time and her attempts to study at a number of medical schools were refused.She enrolled(入学)as a nursing student at Middlesex Hospital and attended classes for male doctors，but was driven out after complaints from other students.As the Society of Apothecaries did not specifically forbid women from taking its examinations，in 1865 she passed their exams and gained a certificate which enabled her to become a doctor.The Society then changed its rules to prevent other women entering the profession this way.In 1866，she set up a clinic for women in London，thanks to her fathers backing；in 1870 she was made a visiting physician to the East London Hospital.There she met James Anderson，a successful businessman，who she married in 1871.In 1872，Anderson founded the New Hospital for Women in London，staffed entirely by women.She appointed her spiritual guide，Elizabeth Blackwell，as a professor there.Andersons efforts paved the way for other women，and in 1876 an act was passed permitting women to enter the medical professions.In 1883，Anderson was appointed to manage the London School of Medicine for Women，which she had helped to found in 1874.It was the first medical 本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。school in Britain to train women as doctors.Anderson，Britains first female doctor，retired in 1902.Six years later，she became the mayor(长)of Aldeburgh，the first female mayor in England.Anderson died on 17 December,1917.语篇解读 本文是记叙文。文章介绍了伊丽莎白加勒特安德森是英国第一位女医生，也是英国第一位女长。1Why did the Society change its rules?ATo provide certificates for women.BTo forbid women to take its exams.CTo offer programs to train women doctors.DTo encourage women to attend medical schools.答案 B 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As the Society of Apothecaries did not specifically forbid women from taking its examinations.和“The Society then changed its rules to prevent other women entering the profession this way.可推知，该协会修改规定是为了制止女性参加考试。2What was Andersons fathers attitude to her career?ASupportive.BDoubtful.CSympathetic.DCritical.答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 1866，she set up a clinic for women in London，thanks to her fathers backing可知，安德森的父亲支持她的事业。3What did Anderson do after founding the New Hospital for Women?AShe married a successful businessman.BShe started a clinic for women in London.CShe learned at a hospital as a visiting physician.DShe helped create a school to train female doctors.本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。答案 D 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In 1872，Anderson founded the New Hospital for Women in London和倒数第二段中的“.the London School of Medicine for Women，which she had helped to found in 1874.It was the first medical school in Britain to train women as doctors.可知，安德森在创立女性新之后，又协助创办了一所培训女医生的。B(2021一模)Even for a firsttime visitor to China，it is impossible to ignore the popularity of QuickResponse(QR)codes.These squareshaped blackandwhite symbols in WeChat or Alipay where QR codes are scanned to add new friends or make payments.The QR code system originated in Japan.The engineer Masahiro Hara felt the limitation of the onedimension barcode(条形码)in use and thus developed the QR codes which could carry data horizontally and vertically.QR codes could hold much more information than barcode due to their extra dimension.In addition，QR codes have larger data capacity，smaller printout size and higher resistance to dirt and damage，which make them widely applied in many other applications.Though the technology of QR codes is complicated，we can easily create our own QR codes with the help of QR code generators，many of which are available online for free.Users could enter the data they wish the QR code to display，and the generator turns it into a symbol that can be printed or displayed in electronic form.The process of creating QR codes could be really fun when we customise the design of the codes according to our specific needs.For instance，we can adjust the color，add a logo，and create social options etc.Moreover，dynamic(动态的)QR codes are also available.They are more various than standard QR codes because they allow users to edit data entered previously whereas data in standard QR codes cannot be edited once printed.Plus，dont limit your QR code to one mobile scanner.Anyone can scan your code with any reader.A lower barrier to entry makes success more likely for you and the user.本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。Meanwhile，we must also recognize the vulnerability of QR codes.Due to its easy access，criminals can steal simply by replacing the QR codes with their own，routing cash into their own bank accounts.Hence，we should all become more conscious towards virtual money transactions through QR codes and participate in additional security measures.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了二维码的产生、功能及优缺点。4Which of the following is NOT a function of QR codes?AData storage.BScanning reader.CSocial networking.DMobile payment.答案 B 解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“These squareshaped blackandwhite symbols in WeChat or Alipay where QR codes are scanned to add new friends or make payments.和第二段中的“In addition，QR codes have larger data capacity，smaller printout size and higher resistance to dirt and damage可知，A、C、D 项是二维码的功能，B 项不是。应选 B。5Which of the following best explains the underlined word“vulnerability in Paragraph 4?AThreat.BWeakness.CDifficulty.DSimplicity.答案 B 解析 词义猜想题。根据最后一段第二句“Due to its easy access，criminals can steal simply by replacing the QR codes with their own，routing cash into their own bank accounts.(由于二维码方便获取，犯罪分子只需用自己的二维码交换二维码，将现金转入自己的银行账户就可以进展盗窃。)可知，这一段是在讲二维码的缺点。由此可推知画线词的意思是“缺点。应选 B。6Which is true about QR codes according to the text?AThey were first used in China.BThe generators charge the users a lot.CData editing is possible in printed QR codes.本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。DMore scanning devices are available in reading QR codes.答案 D 解析 推理判断题。根据第三段最后三句可知，不要把你的二维码限制在一个挪动扫描仪上。任何人都可以用任何阅读器扫描你的二维码。准入门槛越低，你和用户成功的可能性就越大。由此可推知，更多扫描设备可以读取二维码。应选 D。C Fairs and theme parks never seem to lose their attraction.My kids love them as much as I do.Not everyone will agree with me though.My wife is terrified of anything more exciting than the merrygoround.So why do I love Blackpools Big One while she goes white on hearing the word“rollercoaster(过山车)？According to psychologists，it comes down to something called a“Type T personality.Type Ts are thrillseekers who welcome the uncertainty of activities that most people would find hairraising.It seems some of us enjoy the physical sensations associated with fear：the adrenaline(肾上腺素)rush and the beating heart.Scary rides make us feel alive.Terrifying experiences encourage a sense of excitement once were back on solid ground though we only enjoy them，experts say，when were within a“protective frame that assures us that deep down，were still safe.Recent research has found certain genes(基因)which may be responsible for those of us with Type T personalities.Biochemists have separated a gene called DRD4 which seems more common in rollercoaster lovers like me.New technologies have allowed engineers to design coasters that change speeds quickly，shoot up hundreds of feet into the air and make all sorts of twists.Research suggests that extreme fairground rides tend to appeal particularly to those of us who lead stressful，structured or controlled lives.Its certainly true that roller coasters are a way of breaking out of the humdrum(乏味的)expectations of everyday life.Theme parks allow us to act like children again，to experience true excitement and behave a little wildly.Where else as an adult 本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。can you scream at the top of your lungs and throw your arms in the air without being sent for psychological evaluation?If youre looking for a great place this summer where you can get in touch with your inner risktaker，head for the nearest theme park.Its a scream!语篇解读 本文是说明文。文章指出了游乐场那些刺激的工程很有吸引力的原因。7What can we learn about the authors wife?AShe gets excited easily.BShe fears extreme rides.CShe loves Blackpools Big One.DShe rarely disagrees with the author.答案 B 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“My wife is terrified of anything more exciting than the merrygoround.可知，游乐场除旋转木马外，其他工程都让作者的妻子觉得害怕。8What do people with Type T personalities tend to do?APut their lives at risk.BStay energetic all the time.CAvoid the“protective frame DEnjoy adventurous experiences.答案 D 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Type Ts are thrillseekers who welcome the uncertainty of activities that most people would find hairraising.可知，T 型人格的人喜欢寻求刺激。9What has recent research revealed about the Type T personality?AIt is genetically determined.BIt is common among people.CIt is caused by living separately.DIt is a result of a physical disorder.本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。答案 A 解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，T 型人格由基因决定。10Whats the main reason why the author appreciates extreme fairground rides?AThey help relieve stress.BThey are technologically designed.CThey contribute to parentkid relationships.DThey are a replacement for psychological evaluation.答案 A 解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二、三句可知，研究说明，生活压力大、受生活束缚的人更喜欢游乐场比拟刺激的工程，作者对此表示认同，认为这些工程确实可以帮助人们摆脱单调的生活，释放自我。第二节(一共 5 小题；每一小题 2 分，满分是 10 分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项里面选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项里面有两项为多余选项。It may not be the best way to go about meeting new people，but chat rooms are still among the most popular channels.Want to chat with a stranger now？11 ，after which，you need to keep the following rules in mind.12 .Details such as your phone number and home address or where you attend classes should remain personal.It is actually not a very good idea to share your last name with a stranger.Even if you feel you have met someone you really like and get along with，it is still necessary to withhold some important details.Be fun and chat about something personal.This doesnt mean giving away personal details，but you can share your life experiences and stories with strangers as long as you are both going with the flow.There is really no way you will manage to know the strangers better unless you both go beyond your hobbies.13 .Remain in control at all times.There is really no obligation on you to continue with chats that scare you or make you uncomfortable.14 .As soon as something annoys you，feel free 本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。to leave the chat.Let nobody force you into conversations you find inappropriate.Try not to download things from strangers.15 ，but be careful that you dont get viruses or hacked by such downloads.You really cant be sure of who you are talking to，so be cautious about downloads.It is best that you stick to the channels of communication made available to you and also make sure that you have the right computer protection even when you download things.AChat rooms make it possible to share all manner of files BAvoid sharing your personal details with random strangers CSo do not be afraid to get a little personal in your random chats DAt night its not appropriate for teens to stay in chat rooms alone EMany files with viruses are often purposefully spread on the website FThen you should start by finding a chat room reflecting your interests GRemember you are chatting for fun and you should remain fully in control 语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。进入聊天室与生疏人聊天是一种常见的娱乐方式，那么，如何在聊天的时候很好地保护自己呢？作者给我们提出了一些非常实用的建议。11答案 F 解析 根据空前的问题和空后的半句可以看出，空处既要与前面的问题衔接，又要跟后面半句形成先后关系，故 F 项“那你应该先找到一个你感兴趣的聊天室承上启下，符合语境。12答案 B 解析 本空位于段首，是本段的主题句。本段讲的是隐私保护，而 B 项也是关于保护隐私的，再从选项的构造看，B 项与其他段落的主题句一样，都是祈使句。应选 B。13答案 C 解析 根据本空所在段落的主题句可以看出，这一段讲的是可以适当涉及个人方面的信息，而 C 项在含义上与本段的主题一样，且有主题句中的关键词 personal。应选 C。14答案 G 解析 本空所在段落的主题句讲的是要一直控制好整个聊天的过程，而 G 项的内容和关键词 remain fully in control 符合本段的主题。应选 G。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。15答案 A 解析 本段讲的是尽量不要下载生疏人发送的文件以及下载时应注意的一些问题，空后是 but 引出的一个并列分句，因此本空所填内容应与后面的分句构成转折关系，A 项在内容上符合条件。应选 A。第三局部 语言运用(一共两节，满分是 45 分)第一节 完形填空(一共 20 小题；每一小题 1.5 分，满分是 30 分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项里面，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。(2021高三一模)In one of my college classes，we were required to do an act of kindness.My project included 16 lunch for an elderly person.When I 17 the elderly person with the food I cooked，it never 18 to me that it would result in a new friendship and the discovery of a 19 .The person I visited was Bill，who was unable to 20 much.A nurse came regularly to help him move to and from the wheelchair because he has no 21 .Bill said he was delighted to see me and it was a 22 for him to eat a meal with me because he usually eats 23 .He said the food was great，but he enjoyed having 24 even more than the food.Bill had had a 25 life when working on the railroad and had many 26 stories to tell about his travels to many places.I was 27 a trip because of his stories.I had once 28 about traveling by train.However，I would 29 be going by train after meeting Bill.Perhaps the biggest 30 of this project was that I suddenly realized that I am 31 of working with the elderly.Spending time with them was funthey have so much life experience to 32 .On the one hand，I am a good 33 .On the other hand，older people want someone to know their inner world，so it is a perfect 34 .I decided to focus my studies on the 35 .Hopefully in the future，I will work with them to help even more people like Bill.语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者读大学时，偶尔的一次课题理论让作者确定了自己将来的职业方向。16A.buying Bdelivering 本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。Cpacking Dpreparing 答案 D 解析 根据下文“When I the elderly person with the food I cooked可知我的课题是为一位老人准备午餐。buy 买；deliver 发表；pack 包装；prepare 准备，应选 D。17A.called on Bcame across Cpicked up Dturned to 答案 A 解析 句意为：当我拿着我做好的午餐去拜访老人的时候，我从来没有想到这会给我带来一段新的友谊，并让我发现了将来合适我的职业。call on 拜访；come across 偶尔遇到；pick up 捡起；turn to 转向，应选 A。18A.happened Bappealed Coccurred Dproved 答案 C 解析 参见上题解析。it never occurs/occurred to sb.that.某人从没想过。19A.travel plan Bcareer path Choliday destination Dcooking skill 答案 B 解析 我从来没想过这会给我带来一段新的友谊，并让我发现了将来合适我的职业。career path 职业道路，符合语境。20A.talk Beat Csit Dwalk 答案 D 解析 根据下文“A nurse came regularly to help him move to and from the wheelchair可知 Bill行动不便，不能走太多路。应选 D。21A.money Brelatives Cneighbours Dtime 本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。本卷贰 O 贰贰年贰月捌日编写；出题人：令狐学复；欧阳化语；令狐理总。答案 B 解析 上文说护士定期帮他上下轮椅，由此可推知 Bill 没有亲戚。应选 B。22A.treat Bfancy Cprivilege Dwaste 答案 A 解析 Bill 说他很快乐见到我，他说和我一起吃饭对他来说是一种款待。treat 款待，特别待遇。应选A。23A.slowly Blittle Calone Dunhappily 答案 C 解析 上文说他没有亲戚，所以他一定经常单独吃饭。alone 单独，单独。应选 C。24A.family Bcompany Cfun Dhealth 答案 B 解析 他说食物很棒，但他更喜欢有人陪