新概念第二册第2课随堂笔记.pdf

L2 Breakfast or lunch 单词：until 1.用法 prep.直到 conj.到为止，直到为止 用于表示动作、状态等的持续 后面加(时间状语)从句,前面就是主句 1）在肯定句中 与表示持续性状态的动词连用，表示持续到某一时刻：Ill wait here until 5.我会在这里等到5点钟。2）在否定句中 notuntil 通常与描述短暂动作的动词连用，表示“到为止”、“直到才”：She cannot arrive until 6.她到6点才能来。我在床上一直待到12点。/我直到12点才起床。I stayed in bed until 12 oclock.I didnt get up until 12 oclock.2.辨析：till 与 until 同义,但在主句前的从句或短语中,通常用 until 在那时以前,我对这事一无所知。Until then,I knew nothing at all about it.They had to wait till Monday to ring the bank manager.outside adv.在外面；在户外 1.用法 He is waiting for me outside.It is cold outside.-side 边，面 inside countryside 农村 the outside of the house 房子外部 outside help 外援 外面太冷，不要出去了。Dont go outside because its too cold outside.at the(very)outside 至多，充其量 2.拓展：Outsider 局外人 ring 1.用法：1)v.（铃、电话等）响；给某人打电话 Ring up 打电话 Ring sb.给某人打电话 Ring off 挂断电话 2)n.戒指；铃声，打电话 give sb.a ring Remember to give me a ring.Remember to ring me.2.拓展：ring finger 无名指.Thumb 大拇指 Index finger 食指 Middle finger 中指 Little finger 小拇指 The Lord of the rings 指环王 Give me a ring!打电话给我。/给我一个戒指。aunt 1.用法 n.姑，姨，婶，舅母(所有长一辈的女性都用这个称呼)2 拓展 Uncle Toms cabin 外甥 nephew 外甥女 niece 女婿 son-in-law 婆婆 mother-in-law 同胞兄妹 sibling 继母 step mother 堂兄妹 cousin 外婆 grandma repeat v.重复 1.用法：vt.重复 Will you repeat the last word?vi.重做，重说 repeat after sb.跟某人朗读 repeat itself 会再发生，会重演 两国必须努力避免历史重演。These two countries have to work hard to stop history repeating itself。2.拓展：repetition repeatable 前缀：re-再，又 return rebirth rebuild recall 课文：1.It was Sunday.季节、月份、星期、节日前,一般不加冠词 1)It 可以表示时间、天气、季节、距离、环境、情况等。It was dark outside.(表环境)How far is it from the Zoo to the Summer Palace?（表距离）It was quiet at the moment.(表环境)2)it可以指一件东西、一件事件或用来指是什么人：It is a lovely baby.-Whos there?-Its me.2.I never get up early on Sundays.never 否定副词，语气比 not 强烈 对比：I have not been there.I never been there.Never too old to learn.活到老学到老。Never offer to teach fish to swim.(谚)不要班门弄斧。on Sundays 所有的星期天,每逢星期天 与一般现在时连用，表示经常性的行为 介词on一般用于表示某一天的时间短语中：on Monday，on Sep.5 当使用 last，next，this，that 时，介词（以及定冠词）必须省略：Ill see you next/this Friday.3.I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.表示卧床时bed前不需加冠词：Its time for bed now.You must stay/remain in bed for another two days.你必须再卧床两天。4.Last Sunday I got up very late.I looked out of the window.out of 1）动作+out of 向外 go out of the house 2）out of 脱离，离开 out of control out of danger 5.What a day!I thought.1)以what开头的感叹句：用what 引导的感叹句来表示惊奇、愤怒、赞赏、喜悦等感情；在感叹中主谓语采用正常语序。what+a/an(+adj.)+n.(+主语+谓语)!what a beautiful girl(she is)!有上下文和一定的语境,才能省略形容词。一般省略形容词表示批评或不大好的意思。（what a student!）What a thing to say!多么难听的话啊！2)how+a./adv.+(主语+谓语)How wonderful the film is!6.Its raining again.Just then,the telephone rang.It was my aunt Lucy.Who is it?7.Ive just arrived by train,I go out by bus.I go out in/on two buses.乘公共汽车 by bus 乘飞机 by air/plane 乘船 by sea/ship 骑自行车 by bike 乘小汽车 by car 8.Im coming to see you.9.Dear me!英国人说：Dear me!或My dear!美国人说:My god!My gosh！Oh,good heaven！Jesus Christ!语法点：一般现在时 构成：主语动词原形（第三人称单数有变化）一般加 s 辅音加 y 结尾的词把 y 变 i 在加 es（但元音加 y 结尾的词直接加 s）以 o,s.,x,ch,sh 结尾的词加 es be 动词的变化形式是 is.am.are 功能：1)表示习惯的或反复发生的动作或状态 She always takes a walk after dinner.2)表示普遍真理，事实，也用在格言中 The earth moves round the sun Pride goes before a fall.标志词：often sometimes usually always every.on Sundays 等状语 注意：主将从现 在时间，条件，比较状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时 I will tell her when she comes tomorrow.You will suceed if you try your best.The earlier you leave,the earlier you will be there.现在进行时 构成：is/am/are+doing(现在分词）1、直接加 ing(playing,studying,eating)2,以不发音的 e 结尾的，去 e 加 ing(having,loving)3,以重读闭音节，且只有一个辅音字母结尾的，双写最后一个辅音字母加 ing(putting,sitting,running)功能：）表示现在正在进行的工作或发生的事 What are you doing now?It is snowing outside.）表示现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事 He is learning English at college.John is losing his hair 标志词：now，at present 注意：）现在进行时表将来按计划安排将要进行的动作，常用的这类动词有 go leave come arrive meet move start 等 He is meeting the manager tomorrow.I am going to Japan next month.2）现在进行时与 always,forever,continually,constantly 等连用表示反复的动作，或某种感情色彩如厌恶或赞叹 She is always coming late for class.You are forever thinking for other people.感叹句 感叹句表示惊奇、愤怒、赞赏、喜悦等感情，一般用感叹词 what 或 how 引导，what 修饰的中心词是名词，how 修饰形容词或副词。What 引导的感叹句基本结构 What+a/an+形 容 词+可数名词（单数）+主语+谓语！（主谓可 省略）eg：What a good girl(she is)!（主、谓可省）What+形容词+可数名词复数（或不可数名词）+主语+谓语！eg：what cute dogs(these are)!what lovely weather(it is)!How 引导的感叹句基本结构 How形容词/副词主语谓语！（主谓可省略）How beautiful the park is!How cold it is today!What a cold day it is！