初中英语反义疑问句精讲.pdf

1 反义疑问句 反义疑问句(The Disjunctive Question)即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。反义疑问句由两局部组成：前一局部是一个陈述句，后一局部是一个简短的疑问句，两局部的人称时态应保持一致。主 语 一般词语 附加疑问句中主语 用和主语一致的主语，用主格。不定代词 当陈述局部的主语是 (1)everyone,no one，nobody 等时，后面的疑问句应表示为：Everyone is in the classroom,arent they?(根本不用单数，但也可用 he Nobody will go,will they?(2)everything,anything,nothing,something 时，附加疑问句中主语一般用 it 不用 they 3this,that,或 those,these 时，附加疑问句中主语用 it 和 they.特殊句型 否认意义的词 1当陈述局部有 never，seldom,hardly，few，little，barely,scarcely,nothing 等否认意义的词时，后面的反意疑问句那么为肯定形式：There are few apples in the basket,are there?He can hardly swim,can he?They seldom come late,do they?2当陈述局部含有否认意思的词是 unhappy,dislike,unfriendly 等含有否认词缀的派生词，也就是有 un-前缀、-less 后缀等含有词缀而意思否认的词，当做肯定句处理，疑问局部要用否认形式。如：2 He looks unhappy,doesnt he?他看上去不快乐，不是吗？The girl dislikes history,doesnt she?这女孩不喜欢历史，不是吗？表示主语主观意愿的词 含有 think,believe,suppose,imagine,expect 等动词后接宾语从句构成的主从复合句在构成反意疑问句时，视情况不同有两种不同的构成方式。(1)当主句的主语为第一人称时，其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。例如：I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend,wont she/he?We suppose you have finished the project,havent you?值得注意的是，当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否认转移到主句时，其仍属否认句，故其后的简短问句应用肯定式，而非否认式。例如：I dont believe that he can translate this book,can he?Wedont imagine the twins have arrived,have they?此类句子的答复同前否后肯型反意疑问句一样，如上述后一个句子，假设双胞胎已经到了，那么答复为Yes,they have.；假设尚未到达，使用No,they havent.。(2)当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，其后的简短问句那么应与主句相一致此时，否认只看主句，与从句无关.。例如：Your sister supposes she needs no help,doesnt she?You thought they could have completed the project,didnt you?They dont believe shes an engineer,do they?She doesnt expect that we are coming so soon,does she?(3)但如果主句的时态是过去时等等，疑问句应和主句的人称时态保持一致。had better 或 have 陈述局部有 had better,或其中的 have 表示完成时态时，疑问句应用 hadnt 等开头：Youd better get up early,hadnt you?其他情况句中有 have 时疑问句应用 dont 等开头 如 have 表示“有的时候，有两种形式：-He has two sisters,doesnt he?3 -He doesnt have any sisters,does he?祈使句 当陈述局部是祈使句时，疑问句要根据语气来表达 当开头是 Lets 时，一定要用 shall we。其余都用 will you包括 Let us不管肯定否认 Lets go out for a walk,shall we?Let us go out for a walk,will you?Let me help you,may I?Turn on the radio,will you?There be 句型 There be 句型中，反义疑问局部必须为 be 动词+there There are some apples in the basket,arent there?There isnt any milk left,is there?must 当陈述局部有情态动词must，问句有 4 种情况：1mustnt 表示“禁止，不可，不必时，附加问句通常要用 must.You mustnt stop your car here,must you?你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗？2must 表示“有必要时，附加问句通常要用 neednt.They must finish the work today,neednt they?他们今天要完成这项工作，是吗？3当 must 用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时，问句通常要根据 must 后面的动词采用相应的形式。He must be good at English,isnt he?他英语一定学得很好，是吗？4当 must+have done 表示对过去的情况进行推测一般句中有明确的过去时间状语，问句要根据陈述局部谓语的情况用“didnt+主语或“wasnt/werent+主语；如果强调动作的完成一般没有明确的过去时间状语，问句要用“havent/hasnt+主语。She must have read the novel last week,didnt she?她上星期一定读了这本小说，是吗？4 You must have told her about it,havent you?你一定把这事告诉她了，是吗？回 答 反意疑问句的答复用 yes，no，但是，答复意思相反,当陈述局部是否认形式时，答复要按事实。如：They dont work hard,do they?他们不太努力工作，是吗？Yes,they do.不，他们工作努力。/No,they dont.对，他们工作不努力 肯定反意疑问句的答复 当陈述局部为否认式，反意疑问句为肯定式时，其答复往往与汉语不一致，需特别引起注意：It isnt cheap,is it?Yes,it is.“它不廉价吧？“不，很廉价。He doesnt love her,does he?No,he doesnt.“他不爱她，是吗？“是的，他不爱她。此时，Yes即不，对前面It isnt cheap.的否认。否认反意疑问句的答复 当陈述局部为肯定式，反意疑问句为否认式时，其答复一般不会造成困难，一般只需照情况答复即可：Its new,isnt it?Yes,it is.“是新的，对吗？“对，是新的。He wants to go,doesnt he?No,he doesnt.“他想去，对吗？“不，他不想去。此时，No即是，对前面Its new.的肯定。答复反意疑问句的原那么 答复反意疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定，“It is a beautiful flower，isnt it？“It isnt a beautiful flower，is it？肯定均为“Yes，it is.否认为“No，it isnt.5 快 速 记 忆 表 陈述局部的谓语 疑问局部 I arent I Wish may+主语 no,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,肯定含义 rarely,little 等否认含义的词 ought to肯定的 shouldnt/oughtnt+主语 have to+v.(had to+v.)dont+主语(didnt+主语)used to didnt+主语或 usednt+主语 had better+v.hadnt you would rather+v.wouldnt+主语 youd like to+v.wouldnt+主语 must 根据实际情况而定 感慨句中 be+主语 Neithernor,eitheror 连接的并列主语 根据其实际逻辑意义而定 指示代词或不定代词 everything,that,nothing,this 主语用 it 并列复合句 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定 定语从句,宾语从句的 主从复合句 根据主句的谓语而定 think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine 等引导 与宾语从句相对应的从句 everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,no one 复数 they,单数 he 情态动词 dare 或 need need(dare)+主语 dare,need 为实义动词 do+主语 省去主语的祈使句 will you？Lets 开头的祈使句 Shall we?Let us 开头的祈使句 Will you?there be 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词 否认前缀不能视为否认词 仍用否认形式 must 表推测 根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句 6 练习 一、单项选择 1、Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night,_ A.dont they B.didnt they C.did they D.do they 2、-Youve never seen dinosaur eggs,have you?-_.How I wish to visit the Dinosaur World.A.Yes,I have B.No,I havent C.Certainly,I have D.Of course,I havent 3、His sister had a bad cough,_she?A.wasnt B.doesnt C.hadnt D.didnt 4、Mr.Green went to Shenzhen on business last week,_?A.isnt he B.doesnt he C.didnt he D.hasnt he 5、John can hardly understand any Chinese,_he?A.Cant B.doesnt C.can D.does 6、Dont smoke in the meeting-room,_?A.do you B.will you C.can you D.could you 7、Lucy,you clean the blackboard today,_ A.do you B.did you C.will you D.can you 8、Miss Cheng will never forget her first visit to Canada,_?A.will she B.wont she C.isnt she D.wasnt she 9、The lady couldnt say a word when she saw the snake,_?A.could the lady B.couldnt the lady C.could she D.couldnt she 10、-_sweater is this?-I think its Peters.A.Who B.What C.Which D.Whose 11、-_I go and meet you at the airport?-No,thanks,dear.I can take a taxi home.A.Will B.Do C.Shall D.Should 7 12、-_is the Confucian Temple(孔庙)from here?-Its about 10 minuters walk.A.How many B.How long C.How much D.How far 13、-_may I keep these book?-two weeks.A.How often B.How far C.How long D.How soon 14、Tina is unhappy now,_?A.isnt she B.is she C.is he D.did she 15、-_you _TV at the moment?-No,you can turn it off.A.Did,watch B.Are,watching C.Do,watch D.Have,watched 16、-_do you go to Hong Kong?-sorry,Ive never been there.A.How long B.How often C.How far D.How soon 17、A:_you ever _ the Great Wall?B:Only once.A.Did,go B.Have,been to C.Have,gone to D.Have,been in 18、-You lent me some money a few months ago.-_?I dont remember lending you any money.A.Did I B.Did you C.Do I D.Do you 19、-_is it from here to Yancheng Railway Station?-About two kilometers.A.How often B.How far C.How soon D.How long 20、-Are you going to borrow a dictionary or a magazine?-_.A.Yes,a dictionary B.No,a magazine C.A dictionary D.Yes both 21、My uncle has never been to a foreign country,_?A.has he B.does he C.hasnt he D.doesnt he 22、There is some water in that bottle,isnt _ A.there B.it C.that D.those 8 23、-_will the foreign students be back from NanJing.-In two days,I think.A.How soon B.How often C.How far D.How fast 24、-Have you seen the film Return Of the King?-_.I going to see it tonight.A.No,I didnt B.Yes,I do C.Yes,I have D.Not yet 25、-John,will you please paint the door yellow?-_?A.Why B.What is it C.How is it D.How about 26、-Lets go and play football,_?-Thats wonderful.A.will you B.do you C.wont you D.shall we 27、-The boy has to stay at home to look after his little sister,_?-Yes,because his mother has gone shopping.A.does he B.is he C.doesnt he D.hasnt he 28、-You wont follow his example,will you?-_,I dont think he is right.A.No,I wont B.Yes,I will C.No,I will D.Yes,I wont 29、-_?-The one behind the tree.A.Whose girl B.Whos that girl C.Which girl D.Wheres the girl 30、_the population of china?A.How many B.How much C.Hows D.Whats 二、句型转换，根据要求改写句子。每题 2 分，共 30 分 1、The old man can hardly dress himself.(改为反意疑问句)The old man can hardly dress himself,_ _?2、Well have a class meeting this afternoon.(改为一般疑问句)._you _ a class meeting this afternoon？9 3、I am ill.Lets go and see him after school.(改为反意疑问句)Jim is ill.Lets go and see him after school，_ _?4、I dont think his father knows English.(改为反意疑问句)His father hardly knows English,_ _ 5、He thinks his aunt is right.(改为反意疑问句)He thinks his aunt is right,_ _?