名词可数名词和不可数名词512.pdf

-专题一 名词 主要考察三个方面：1、联系上下文，考察同义词、近义词辨析；2、可数名词的单复数、不可数名词、抽象名词、名词词 组的意义和用法；3、名词的固定搭配和习惯用语。名词的数 规则名词的复数形式 规则 读音 例子 1 一般情况在词尾加 s 在清辅音后读/s/在元音及浊辅音后读/z/map_sea_girl_ day_apple_ 规则 读音 例子 2 以 s,*,ch,sh 结尾的名词后加 es es 一般读作/iz/class_ bo*-_ watch_ brush(刷子)-_ 3 以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词变 f 和 fe 为 v 再加 es ves 一般读作/vz/leaf叶子_thief(小偷)_ knife_wife妻子_ 规则 读音 例子 4 以 y结尾的名词 以辅音字母y 结尾的名词，变 y 为 i，再加-es (e)s 一般读作/iz/family_party_ story_city_ 以元音字母y 结尾的名词+s s 一般读作/z/toy_boy_day_ 5.以 o 结尾的名词 有生命的一般加-es hero_potato_tomato_ 无生命的一般加-s piano_radio_-zoo_photo_ 可数名词复数形式的不规则变化 规则 例词 1 改变名词中的元 音字母或其他变 化形式 man_ woman_ foot_ tooth_goose_ 特殊：child_mouse_ 2 单复数同形 sheep_ deer_ 3 只有复数形式 trousers clothes chopsticks glasses眼镜 goods(商品)4 一些集体名词用 作复数 people police cattle(牛)staff全体职员 规则 例词 5 表示“*国人变复数 加-s American_ German_ European_ 单复数同形 Chinese_ Japanese_ 以-man 或 -woman 结尾的改为-men 或-women Englishman_ Frenchwoman_ 记忆口诀：中日不变英法变，其余 s 加后面 常见的不可数名词 类别 例词-物质名词 液体 orange 橙汁 milk 牛奶 water 水 wine 酒 juice 果汁 tea 茶 coffee 咖啡 soup 汤 oil 油 食物 bread 面包 meat 肉 cheese 奶酪 自然物体 soil 土壤 sand 沙子 wood 木头 类别 例词 抽象 名词 情感 joy 快乐 friendship 友谊 peace 和平 学科 math 数学 geography 地理 physics 物理 chemistry 化学 概念 advice 建议 information 信息 news 消息 time 时间 money 金钱 population 人口 knowledge 知识 music 音乐 不可数名词的量化 具体的量 数词量词of不可数名词 two bottles of orange 大概的量 表示量的限定词不可数名词 some good pieces of news 不可数名词的多少可用以下词组来表示：a block of 一块；a bottle of 一瓶 a group of 一群；a pile of 一堆 a pair of 一组/双/对；a piece of 一片/块 既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词的词 单词 词义 可数名词 不可数名词-fish 鱼，鱼类 条数，种类 复数形式：fish 鱼肉 room 房间 a room 空间 glass 玻璃杯 a glass;眼镜glasses 玻璃 time 次数，倍数 three times 时间 e*perience 经历 an e*perience 经历 单词 词义 可数名词 不可数名词 work 作品 a work 工作 water 水域waters 水 orange 橘子oranges 橘子汁 food 食物种类 食物【2021】The broken _may cut into your hand if you touch it,you should be careful.A.glass B.glasses C.candle D.candles 【2021*来宾】There are many _ about this farm.Yes,lots of _ are planted on it.A.photo;potato B.photos;potatos C.photos;potatoes D.photoes;potatoes 1.Help yourself to some_.There are lots of vitamins in them.A.tomato B.tomatoes C.tomatos D.potatos-2.if you take a plane,you cannot take _ onto the plane with you.A.knife B.knifes C.knives D.a knives 3.The _ have caught the two_ already.A.policeman;thief B.policemen;thiefsC.policemen;thieves D.policeman;thieves【2021】Its sports time.Most students in Class 1 are playing football on the playground.A.boy B.boys C.boys D.boys【2021】All the are from A.men doctors;Germany B.men doctors;German C.man doctors;Germany D.man doctor;German 【2021】How manycan you see in the picture?Two A.dog B.child C.sheeps D.sheep 【2021 天河】Would you like something to drink?,please.A.Two bottle of orange B.Two bottle of oranges C.Two bottles of orange D.Two bottles of oranges 名词所有格 s 所有格 使用场合与构成方法 例子 1 单数名词在末尾加s the boys father 2 复数 一般在末尾加 the teachers room -名词 不规则复数名词后加s Childrens Day 3 表示各有关系时,各名词末尾均须加s Janes and Marys bikes两人各有 表示共有关系时，在最后一词末加s Jane and Marys bike 两人共有 of 所有格“名词+of+名词 表示物体所属关系。使用场合与构成方法 例子 多用在无生命事物名词前 a map of China the legs of the chair 也可用于表示人和其他有生 命的名词，一般用在名词定语较长的时候 Do you know the name of the boy sitting in bed?注意 the story of Sun Yang Sun Yangs story 的故事 双重所有格 of+名词所有格 Lucy is a friend of my sisters.露西是我妹妹的一个朋友。of+名词性物主代词 a picture of her sons 她儿子的一照片(属于儿子所有，但照片中的人不一定就她儿子)由“数词+名词构成的合成名词作定语时，其所有格一般用名词的单数形式，注意中间有连字符“-。a two-day holiday 两天的假期 a 200-metre-wide river 一条 200 米宽的河 少数名词使用的固定搭配to 所有格 the way to the bank the key to the door -the answer to the question【2021 东营】Are you sure this is a photo,the famous edy actress?It surprised you,didnt it?But she was once really thin.A.Jia Ling B.Jia Lings C.of Jia LingD.of Jia Lings【2021】_ mothers cant go to parents meeting because they are too busy.A.Jacks and Paul B.Jacks and Pauls C.Jack and Pauls D.Jack and Paul【2021】Katherine was e*cited to receive a dozen of roses from her husband on _ Day.A.Woman B.Women C.Womans D.Womens 【2021】Whose room is this?Is it the?Yes,it is A.twins;Tom and Tims B.twins;Toms and Tims C.twins;Tom and Tim【2021】I live near the station.Its only about five walk A.minutes B.minute C.minutes D.minutes 1._ school is quite near the bus station.A.Ted and Toms B.Teds and Toms C.Ted and Tom D.Ted and Toms 2.Do you know the boy who is playing soccer there?Certainly.He is a friend of my _.A.brother B.brothersC.brothersD.brotherss Reading time-AGREedydogwentintoabutchersshopandstoleabigjuicybone.Heranawaysofastthatthebutchercouldnotcatchhim.Heranoutintothefieldswithhisbone.Hewasgoingtoeatitallbyhimself.thedogcametoastream.Therewasanarrowbridgeacrossit.Thedogwalkedontothebridge,andlookedintothewater.Hecouldseeanotherdogwithabigboneinhismouth.theGREedydogthoughttheboneinthewaterlookedmuchbiggerthantheonehehadstolenfromthebutcher.theGREedydogdroppedthebonefromhismouth.It fellintothewaterandwaslost.Hejumpedintothewatertosnatchthebiggerbonefromtheotherdog.theGREedydogjumpedintothewaterwithabigsplash.Helookedeverywherebuthecouldnotseetheotherdog.Hisshadowhadgone.thesillydogwenthomehungry.HelosthisboneandgotnothingbecausehehadbeentooGREedy.Lion was awakened from sleep by a Mouse running over his face.Rising up in anger,he caught him and was about to kill him,when the Mouse piteously entreated,saying:If you would only spare my life,I would be sure to repay your kindness.The Lion laughed and let him go.It happened shortly after this that the Lion was caught by some hunters,who bound him by strong ropes to the ground.The Mouse,recognizing his roar,came up,and gnawed the rope with his teeth,and setting him free,e*claimed:You ridiculed the idea of my ever being able to help you,not e*pecting to receive from me any repayment of your favour;but now you know that it is possible for even a Mouse to confer benefits on a Lion.