传感器原理传感器原理 (49).ppt
PrincipleofSensors传感器原理热电式传感器ThermoelectricSensors7.3.1IC温度传感器ICTemperatureSensor测量单点的温度测量单点的温度测量单点的温度测量单点的温度 temperature of a single point temperature of a single point 温敏元件：温敏元件：温敏元件：温敏元件：热敏电阻、热敏二极管、三极管等Thermistor:Thermistor:Thermistor,Thermistor,Transistor,etc集成温度传感器：集成温度传感器：集成温度传感器：集成温度传感器：把热敏晶体管和外围电路、放大器、偏置电路及线性电路制作在同一芯片上，构成一体化的可以完成温度测量的专用集成器件。Integrated temperature sensor:Integrated temperature sensor:Thermaltransistor,peripheralcircuit,amplifier,biascircuitandlinearcircuitarefabricatedonthesamechiptoformanintegratedspecialintegrateddevicewhichcancompletetemperaturemeasurement.优点：优点：优点：优点：输出线性好、测量精度高,传感驱动电路、信号处理电路等都与温度传感部分集成在一起,因而封装后的组件体积非常小，使用方便，价格便宜，故在测温技术中越来越得到广泛应用。Advantages:Advantages:Goodoutputlinearity,highmeasurementaccuracy,sensordrivingcircuit,signalprocessingcircuitandthelikeareintegratedwiththetemperaturesensingpart,sothepackagedcomponentisverysmallinvolume,convenienttouseandcheapinprice,soitismoreandmorewidelyusedintemperaturemeasurementtechnology.测量温度范围：测量温度范围：测量温度范围：测量温度范围：150以下。Measuring temperature range:Measuring temperature range:below150.种类：种类：种类：种类：电压型、电流型、数字输出型。Types:Types:Voltagetype,currenttypeanddigitaloutputtype.AN6701SAN6701S电压输出型集成温度传感器电压输出型集成温度传感器电压输出型集成温度传感器电压输出型集成温度传感器AN6701S voltage output integrated temperature sensor AN6701S voltage output integrated temperature sensor AN6701S是日本松下公司生产的电压输出型集成温度传感器，它有四个引脚，三种连线方式：(a)(a)正电源供电，正电源供电，正电源供电，正电源供电，(b)(b)负电源供电，负电源供电，负电源供电，负电源供电，(c)(c)输出输出输出输出极性颠倒。极性颠倒。极性颠倒。极性颠倒。若在25时借助RC将输出电压调整到5V，则RC的值约在330k间，相应的灵敏度为109110mV/。校准后，在-1080范围内，基本误差不超过1。AN6701SisavoltageoutputintegratedtemperaturesensorproducedbyPanasonicCorporationofJapan.Ithasfourpinsandthreeconnectionmodes:(a)(a)positive power supply,(b)negative power supply positive power supply,(b)negative power supply and(c)inverted output polarity.and(c)inverted output polarity.Iftheoutputvoltageisadjustedto5VbyRCat25,thevalueofRCisabout330k,andthecorrespondingsensitivityis109110mV/.Aftercalibration,thebasicerrorislessthan1intherangeof-1080.在-1080范围内，RC的值与输出特性的关系如下图。AN6701S有很好的线性，非线性误差不超过0.5%。Intherangeof-1080,therelationshipbetweenRCvalueandoutputcharacteristicsisshowninthefollowingfigure.AN6701Shasgoodlinearity,andthenonlinearityerrorislessthan0.5%.电压输出型集成温度传感器的特点：电压输出型集成温度传感器的特点：电压输出型集成温度传感器的特点：电压输出型集成温度传感器的特点：输出为线性、输出电压灵敏度较高、但输出阻抗低。The characteristics of voltage output integrated The characteristics of voltage output integrated temperature sensor are:temperature sensor are:linearoutput,highsensitivityofoutputvoltage,butlowoutputimpedance.应用：应用：应用：应用：不适合长线传输，但特别适合于工业现场测量。Application:Application:Notsuitableforlong-linetransmission,butespeciallysuitableforindustrialfieldmeasurement.AD590AD590电流型温度传感器电流型温度传感器电流型温度传感器电流型温度传感器AD590 Current Mode Temperature Sensor AD590 Current Mode Temperature Sensor 测温范围：测温范围：测温范围：测温范围：-50+150；Temperature measurement range:Temperature measurement range:-50+150;器件电源：器件电源：器件电源：器件电源：电压430V；Device power supply:Device power supply:Voltage430V;小于3V时灵敏度随外加电压增加而增加，所以电源必须大于4V。Whenitislessthan3V,thesensitivityincreaseswiththeincreaseofappliedvoltage,sothepowersupplymustbegreaterthan4V.典型电流输出型集成温度传感器有：典型电流输出型集成温度传感器有：典型电流输出型集成温度传感器有：典型电流输出型集成温度传感器有：Typical current output integrated temperature sensors are:Typical current output integrated temperature sensors are:AD590-美国AD公司生产；producedbyADCompanyofAmerica;SG590-国内同类产品。domesticsimilarproducts伏安特性：伏安特性：伏安特性：伏安特性：Volt-ampere characteristics:Volt-ampere characteristics:I 为一恒流值输出(Iisaconstantcurrentvalueoutput),ITk，即KT标定因子，AD590的标定因子为1A/KTcalibrationfactor,thecalibrationfactorofAD590is1A/温度特性温度特性温度特性温度特性Temperature characteristicsTemperature characteristics其温度特性曲线函数是以Tc为变量的n阶多项式之和，省略非线性项后则有:Thetemperaturecharacteristiccurvefunctionisthesumofn-orderpolynomialswithTcasthevariable,andafteromittingthenonlinearterm,ithas:Tc为摄氏温度；I的单位为A。Tc为Celsiustemperature;TheunitofIisA.可见，当温度为0时，输出电流为273.2A。在常温25时，标定输出电流为298.2A。Itcanbeseenthattheoutputcurrentis273.2Awhenthetemperatureis0.Thecalibratedoutputcurrentis298.2Aatroomtemperatureof25.AD590 AD590 定标方法定标方法定标方法定标方法AD590 calibration methodAD590 calibration methodAD590在摄氏温度25（298.15K）时，理想输出为298.15A，实际存在误差；可通过电位器调整，使输出电压满足1mV/K（1A/K）的关系。WhenAD590isat25(298.15K),Theidealoutputis298.15A,andthereisanactualerror.Itcanbeadjustedbypotentiometertomaketheoutputvoltagemeettherequirements1mV/K(1A/K).一点校正法：一点校正法：一点校正法：一点校正法：仅对某点温度进行校准，AD590在25时，输出电流并非298.15A时，调节R电阻，使输出值为298.15mV。One-point correction method:One-point correction method:onlycalibratethetemperatureatacertainpoint.WhentheoutputcurrentofAD590isnot298.15Aat25,adjusttheRresistancetomaketheoutputvalue298.15mV.AD590 AD590 定标方法定标方法定标方法定标方法AD590 calibration methodAD590 calibration method两点校正法：两点校正法：两点校正法：两点校正法：先对AD590在0温度调节，调节R1，使输出VOUT=0；再将AD590置于100温度，调节R2，使VOUT=10V；使输出电压温度系数值为100mV/。Two-point correction method:Two-point correction method:First,adjustthetemperatureofAD590at0,adjustR1,andmaketheoutputVOUT=0;ThenputAD590at100andadjustR2sothatVOUT=10V;Theoutputvoltagetemperaturecoefficientis100mV/.AD590AD590集成温度传感器应用：集成温度传感器应用：集成温度传感器应用：集成温度传感器应用：AD590 Integrated Temperature Sensor Applications:AD590 Integrated Temperature Sensor Applications:温控电路温控电路温控电路温控电路Temperature control circuitTemperature control circuitT时比较器LM311的3脚电压；输出端跳为低电平。3-pinvoltageofcomparatorLM311atT;Outputjumpstolowlevel
