公开课(虚拟)1.ppt

虚拟语气虚拟语气The Subjunctive Mood 一、英语中语气的种类I went to the theatre yesterday.Open the window please.If he had been here,he would have agreed with me.The general ordered that the soldiers should start immediately虚拟语气虚拟语气：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(主要在条件句中主要在条件句中)一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在在宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)陈述语气祈使语气虚拟语气虚拟语气Teaching aims 虚拟语气在虚拟语气在if if 条件句中的应用条件句中的应用虚拟语气在名词性从句当中的应用虚拟语气在名词性从句当中的应用虚拟语气在其它从句的运用虚拟语气在其它从句的运用一.虚拟语气在if条件句中的应用（一）（一）1.表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式1)If I had time,I would go with you.2)If I were you,I would listen to the teacher carefully.条件从句条件从句主句主句did werewould/should might/could)+do1)If he had seen you yesterday,he would have asked you about it.2)I would have called you if I had known your phone number.2.表示与表示与过去过去事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式条件从句条件从句主句主句had+donewould/should might/could)+have done1)If it should rain,the crops would be saved this year.2)If it were to snow tomorrow,they would not go out.3.表示与表示与将来将来事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式：事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式：条件从句条件从句主句主句should dowere to dodidWould/should/could/might+doPractice:1.John went to the hospital alone.If he _ me about it,I would have gone with him.(2010年天津卷年天津卷)A.should tell B.tells B.C.told D.had told2.This printer is of good quality.If it_ break down within the first year,we would repair it at our expense.(2009年天津卷年天津卷)A.would B.should C.could D.might 条件状条件状语从句从句 主句主句与与现在在事事实相反相反 与与过去去事事实相反相反与将来与将来事事实相反相反Did(were)Would(could,might,should)+doHad done(had been)Would(could,might,should)+have doneDid(were)/were to do/should doWould(could,might,should)+do(二二)If 省略句省略句(省略倒装省略倒装)如果条件句的谓语动词有系动词如果条件句的谓语动词有系动词 were，或助动，或助动词词 had 或或should，可将，可将if 省省 略，而把略，而把were,had,should移到主语前，构成倒装。移到主语前，构成倒装。1.If it should rain _,2.we would put off the meeting.3.2.If I were you _,I would do it.(Should it rain）(Were I you)3.Had he been more careful,_such mistakes could have been avoided(If he had been more careful)()Werent it for the expense,I would go abroad now.()Were it not for the expense,I would go abroad now.True or falseTrue or false4.Had I known about this computer program,a huge amount of time and energy _.(2010年年浙江卷浙江卷)A.would have been saved B.had been savedC.will be saved D.was saved link 虚拟条件从句倒装的条件虚拟条件从句倒装的条件:如果虚拟条件从句中谓语含有如果虚拟条件从句中谓语含有were,had,should,可省略连词可省略连词if，把这些词移至主语前构成倒装句。把这些词移至主语前构成倒装句。5._ it rain tomorrow,we would have to put off the visit to the Summer Palace.A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will（三.）含蓄条件句用介词或介词短语表示条件用介词或介词短语表示条件 Without your help,we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.But for your help,we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.用分词短语表达条件用分词短语表达条件 Given more attention,the trees could have grown better.If it had not been for your help,we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.with/without/but forShe came to town yesterday.Otherwise I wouldnt have met her.通过副词，连词表示条件通过副词，连词表示条件If she_(come)to town yesterday,I wouldnt have met her.I should have given you more help,but I was too busy.I should have given you more help,if I _(be)too busy.otherwiseorbuthadnt comehadnt been1.But for John,we _ the match last week.A.would have lost B.would lose C.had lost D.lostPractice:Practice:2.He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball,otherwise he _ a goal.A.had scored B.scored C.would score D.would have scored3.Without electricity,human life _ quite different today.A.is B.will be C.would have been D.would be If he had followed my advice just now,he would be better now.(四四)错综时间条件句错综时间条件句If you had studied hard before,you would be a college student now.Practice:假如你接受了我的意见，你现在就会好多了。You much better now,if you_ my advice.(take)would behad taken要不是你误了公共汽车的话，我们现在正在看要不是你误了公共汽车的话，我们现在正在看电影呢。电影呢。If you _ the bus,we _ a film now.hadnt missedwould be seeing3.It is hard to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love at the age of seven,with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.(2002上海卷上海卷)A.wouldnt have fallen B.had not fallenC.should fallD.were to fall二.虚拟语气在名词性从句当中的运用一坚持一坚持 insist,二命令二命令 order,command,四建议四建议Suggest advise propose recommend四四 要求要求 ask,demand request,require等动词等动词记住虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用记住虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用1.He suggested that we_(start)off early the next day.2.They insisted that the boy _ (go)with them.should startShould goPractice:1.His face suggested that he _ angry.(be)2.Mike insisted that he _ nothing.(steal)washad stolen 注意注意 Special wordsSpecial words坚持要求、主张（虚拟）坚持要求、主张（虚拟）坚持认为、坚持说（正常坚持认为、坚持说（正常）1.暗示、表明暗示、表明(正常正常)2.建议 虚拟1.The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free.A.did;set B.had done;should be set C.do;be set D.had done;must be setPracticePractice记住Wish1)现在：过去式现在：过去式2）将来：）将来：would/could /might+do 3)过去：过去：had donewould rather1)现在或将来现在或将来:过去式过去式2)过去过去:had done1.I wish I _(be)as young as you.2.We wish we _(pay)more attention to our pronunciation.3.He wishes he _(go)abroad to study.虚拟语气在虚拟语气在wishwish宾从中的应用宾从中的应用PracticePractice：werehad paidcould go1.I would rather he_（come）tomorrow。2.I would rather you_(pay)me now.3.我倒希望他们那天和我一起去。我倒希望他们那天和我一起去。I would rather they _(go)with me that day.camepaidhad gone虚拟语气在虚拟语气在would would ratherrather宾从中的应用宾从中的应用PracticePractice：n nIt is necessary(important,strange,natural,etc)thatn nIt is a pity(a shame,no wonder,etc)thatn nIt is suggested(requested,ordered,desired,proposed,decided,etc)that(3)虚拟语气用于主语从句中虚拟语气用于主语从句中(should)do1.It is strange that he _ interest in much of his research.A.have lost B.would lose C.had lost D.will lost虚拟语气在主语从句虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用中的应用PracticePractice2.It is suggested that the meeting _ till next week.A.puts off B.should put off C.should be put off D.will be put offn nHis suggestion is that we _(walk)all the way.n nMy advice is that Jim _(pay)more attention to his Chinese pronunciation.n nThe order has come that the work_(finish)as soon as possible.虚拟语气在表语从句和虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从句中的应用同位语从句中的应用(should)walk(should)pay（should）be finishedPracticePractice:n n虚拟语气用于虚拟语气用于虚拟语气用于虚拟语气用于as if(as though),even if(even as if(as though),even if(even though)though)等引导的表语从句或状语从句中等引导的表语从句或状语从句中等引导的表语从句或状语从句中等引导的表语从句或状语从句中n n 现在现在现在现在 did(were)did(were)n n 过去过去过去过去 had donehad donen nHe looks as if _an artist.n nHe looks as if he _a ghost.n nHe speaks English as if(though)he _an English man.n nHe spoke as if(though)he _there before.he werehad seenwerehad beenPractice:When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _.A.breaksB.has brokenC.were brokenD.had been broken It is highabout time that you _(go)to school.If only I _（see）the film yesterday!went /should gohad seen He smiled as if he _(read)my thought.had read特殊的从句1.1.if if虚拟条件从句的基本用法虚拟条件从句的基本用法:2.2.虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用：虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用：3.3.虚拟语气在其它用法虚拟语气在其它用法：课堂小结课堂小结要求要求：熟练掌握虚拟语气的各种用法：熟练掌握虚拟语气的各种用法,以及比较特殊的从句以及比较特殊的从句Homework 1.Review the Subjunctive 1.Review the Subjunctive Mood Mood 2.Finish the exercises on 2.Finish the exercises on the learning paperthe learning paper