人教新目标英语八年级上册Unit10sectionB课文重难点精讲练47552.pdf

人教新目标八年级英语上册 Unit10 SectionB 课文重难点精讲练 1travel around the world 周游全世界 travel v&n.旅行；游历(1)作动词时，过去式为 traveled(travelled)；现在分词为 traveling(travelling)。可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。They traveled to South Africa last year.去年他们去南非旅行过。Travel is much cheaper than before.旅行比以前便宜多了。(2)traveler(traveller)n旅行者；漂泊者；游客 Some travelers would like to visit interesting places.一些旅行者想去参观有趣的地方。travel 和 trip travel 泛指一般意义的旅行，是不可数名词。只是泛指旅行，而不特指某次具体的旅行。若是具体指某人的旅行，通常用复数形式，且通常有物主代词修饰。He wrote down his travels to America.他记下了他去美国的旅行。trip 通常指近距离的为了办事或消遣而进行旅行，并且往往要回到出发点(即指双程)。有时也可指远距离的长途旅行。How was your trip last week？你上周的旅行怎样？【例 1】He _ the country _.Atravels；on feet Btravelled；on foot Ctravels；by foot Dtraveled；by feet 点拨：根据“步行”用 on foot 可知只有B项正确。句意为“他徒步旅行了这个国家”。答案：B【例 2】Many _ had a hard _.Atravel；trip Btravelers；travel Ctravelers；trip Dtrips；travel 点拨：many 后接可数名词复数，排除 A 项；而 travel 是不可数名词，只有在表示具体的某人旅行时，才用复数形式；且题干中有 a，后接单数名词，故排除 B、D 两项。句意为“许多旅行者进行了艰苦的旅行”。答案：C【例 3】根据汉语意思完成下列句子 你喜欢旅行吗？Do you _ _？请写一篇你去桂林的游记。Please write your _ _ Guilin.咱们到山上去旅行吧。Lets take _ _ to the mountain.答案：like travelling travels to a trip 2If people have problems，they should try to keep them to themselves.如果人们遇到问题，他们应该保守秘密。keep.to oneself 保守秘密 Dont keep it to yourself.不要闷在心里。keep to myself 自己保留；保守秘密 I want to keep sadness to myself.我想把悲伤留给自己。themselves pron.他(她、它)们自己 它是 them的反身代词。反身代词表示动作行为反射到行为执行者本身。它在句中可以起到强调的作用，用以加强语气。反身代词以-self(单数)和-selves(复数)结尾。第一、二人称的反身代词由物主代词加-self/-selves 构成。第三人称的反身代词由代词宾格加-self/-selves 构成。第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 单数 单数 myself yourself himself，herself，itself 复数 复数 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 反身代词和句中的主语是一个人，可作宾语、表语、同位语。He teaches himself English.他自学英语。We enjoyed ourselves last week.上周我们玩得很快乐。【例 1】I can tell you if you promise _ it to _.Ato keep；you Bkeeping；yourself Cto keep；yourself Dkeeping；you 点拨：promise 后接动词不定式，故从 A、C 两项中选取一个；you 的反身代词是 yourself。故选 C 项。答案：C【例 2】I guess Peter and his sister Sally enjoyed _ at the dancing party.Amyself Bhimself Cherself Dthemselves 点拨：Peter and his sister 表达的是第三人称复数，故用复数的反身代词。答案：D【例 3】根据汉语意思完成下列句子 我妹妹八岁了，她能照看自己了。My sister is eight and she can _ _ _.这些孩子们能自己穿衣。These children can _ _.答案：look after herself dress themselves 3Unless we talk to someone，well certainly feel worse.如果我们不和人倾诉，自然会感到更难过。本句是复合句，unless 引导的条件状语从句。unless conj.除非；如果不 它引导条件状语从句，相当于 if.not，在许多情况下可以互换。unless 引导的条件状语从句和 if 条件状语从句，与时间状语从句一样，若主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时。Dont come unless I call you.如果我不打电话你就不要来。【例题】The sports meeting will continue _ it rains this afternoon.Aif Bsince Cas soon as Dunless 点拨：A 项意为“如果”；B 项意为“自从以来”；C 项意为“一就”；D 项意为“如果不”；本句意为“今天下午如果天不下雨，运动会将继续举行”。由此可知 A、B、C 三项不符合句意。答案：D 4In the end，she talked to her parents and they were really understanding.最后，她和父母进行了交谈，他们都很理解。in the end 最后；终于 He worked hard and in the end he got an A in the English test.他努力学习，最后英语测试他得了 A。at the end of 在的末尾；在的尽头 There is a shop at the end of the street.在街道的尽头有一家商店。by the end of 到末为止 Will you visit me by the end of next term?到下学期末你会来看我吗？end up 结束；告终 They watched TV the whole afternoon and ended up talking about something at school.他们看了整个下午的电视，以谈论学校的事情而结束。in the end 的同义词(组)是：finally，at last。Finally，we climbed up the mountain.最后，我们终于登上了山。【例 1】_，he passed the exam.ABy the end BAt the end CIn the end DOn the end 点拨：by the end 后接上 of，意为“到末为止”；at the end 后接上 of，意为“在的末尾；在的尽头”；暂无 on the end 短语。句意为“他终于通过了考试”。in the end 意为“最后；终于”。答案：C 【例 2】When we practice speaking English，we often end up _in Chinese.Ato speak Bspeaking Cspoken Dspeak 点拨：end up doing sth.意为“以而告终”；句意为“当我们练习说英语时，我们经常以说汉语而结束”。答案：B 5.Her dad said he sometimes made careless mistakes himself.她爸爸说他自己有时候也会犯粗心的错误。careless adj.粗心的；不小心的，其反义词是：careful 细致的；精心的；慎重的 The twins are different.The elder brother is careful，but the other is careless.这对双胞胎有所不同。哥哥很细心，而另一个很粗心。carelessly adv.粗心地；carefully adv.细致地；谨慎地 care n.&v.关系；在意；担忧 take carebe carefullook out 当心；小心 take care of 照顾；照料 care about 关心 Please drive carefully when the traffic is very busy.当交通繁忙时请谨慎驾车。mistake n.错误；失误 常构成词组：make a mistake“犯错误”，by mistake“错误地”。I think they are making a serious mistake.我认为他们正在犯一个严重的错误。Tom must have taken your dictionary by mistake.汤姆一定是错拿了你的字典。mistake v意思是“弄错；误解”。过去式是：mistook He mistook me for my younger brother.他把我错当成我弟弟了。【例 1】The boy made many mistakes in his exam，because he was very _.Acare Bcareful Ccareless Dcarelessly 点拨：根据前半句“这男孩在测试中犯了许多错误”可知“因为他很粗心”；was 是系动词，后接形容词作表语，故选 C 项。答案：C【例 2】He often _in spelling last year.Amakes a mistake Bmakes mistakes Cmade a mistake Dmade mistake 点拨：根据 last year 可知时态用一般过去时，A、B 两项错误；表示“犯错误”用短语make mistakes/a mistake，故D项也错误。句意为“去年他常在拼写方面出错”。答案：C【例 3】Sorry，I took your schoolbag by _.Amistake Bmistakes Cmistook Dmistaken 点拨：by 是介词，其后应接名词、代词或动词-ing 形式，C、D 两项分别是 mistake的过去式和过去分词，排除；by mistake 是固定短语，句意为“对不起，我错拿了你的书包”。答案：A 6We should always try to solve them.我们应该总是尽力去解决它们。solve v.解决；解答 常作及物动词。We have to solve the problem now.现在我们必须解决这个问题。solution n.解决；解答，表示“的解答”用 the solution to.。He is very clever and can give good solutions to peoples problems.他很聪明并能给出人们难题的解答方案。【例题】Can you help me _ the math problem？I cant give the right _ it.Ato solve；solution Bsolve；solution Cto solve；solution to Dsolving；solution to 点拨：help 后可接动词不定式，也可接省略 to 的不定式，故排除 D 项；表示“的解答”用the solution to.。故C项正确。句意为“你能帮助我解决这道数学题吗？我不能给出它的正确解答”。答案：C 7 Students often forget that their parents have more experience than them，and are always there to help them.学生们经常忘记了他们的父母经验比他们多，并总是在帮助他们。本句是复合句，含有 that 引导的宾语从句。experience n经验；经历 experience 作“经验”讲时，是不可数名词；表示“做某事的经验”常用 in doing sth.。Experience is the best teacher.经验是最好的老师。He has much experience in doing this kind of work.他有丰富的经验做这项工作。experience 作“经历”讲时，是可数名词。He had many interesting experiences while traveling in Africa.他在非洲旅行时有很多有趣的经历。experience v经历；体验 He experienced great hardships for the first time in his life.他有生以来第一次经历了巨大的苦难。【例 1】He had _ yesterday.He saw a UFO land in front of him.Aan experience Ba experience Cexperience Dthe experience 点拨：根据后半句句意“他看到一个飞碟落在他前面”可知“他有一次经历”。作“经历”讲时 experience 是可数名词，又因为其首音素是元音，故前用 an。答案：A【例 2】根据汉语意思完成下句 上周他经历了一次特别的经历。Last week he _ a special _.答案：experienced；experience 8In English，we say that sharing a problem is like cutting it in half.在英语中，我们说分享问题就如同把问题切成两半。in half 分成两半，也可说 into halves。Please cut the apple in half.please cut the apple into halves.请把苹果切成两半。【例题】Help me cut the cake into halves.(改为同义句)Help me cut the cake _ _ _.答案：in half 写作专项指导 写作指南 本单元的写作是描写假设情况的文章。写这样的文章时要注意：1正确使用好 if 引导的条件状语从句。在条件状语从句中，一般使用一般现在时表示将来，主句常用一般将来时。2使用生动的语言，把自己的观点、看法描述出来。让读者能感受到颜色、声音、气味等。3在描写的过程中，要运用恰当的过渡词语，使文章衔接自然。佳作欣赏 你将来可能会有很多钱，请你以 If I have a lot of money，I will.为题，写一篇短文，表述自己拥有财富后将如何帮助他人。If I have a lot of money,I will._ If I have a lot of money,I will.If I have a lot of money,I will buy what I need and do what I want,such as traveling around the world,studying abroad and buying my parents a big house.I hope my dream will come true.Of course,I will do something helpful to others.I will give away money to charities.I will help those kids who are too poor to go to school.In a word,if I have a lot of money,I can do a lot of wonderful things and make a contribution to our country.点评：作者开篇点题，“如果我有很多钱，我就买我需要的，做我想做的”。进而列举了很多想做的事情。作者运用了许多连接词，如：such as,of course,in a word等，使文章过渡自然，脉络清晰。Unit10 SectionB 2b 课文知识训练 1.You cant pass the exam _ you study hard.A.if B.when C.unless D.because 2.After trying many times,we were successful _.A.at the end B.to the end C.in the end D.end of 3.Who _ went to the park?Tom and Linda.A.else B.other C.another D.the other 4.Teenagers should learn to protect _ from all kinds of danger.A.them B.they C.their D.themselves 5.The doctor advised my father _ smoking.A.stop B.to stop C.stopping D.stops 6.I have some problems with my English writing.Can you give me some _?A.advice B.decisions C.information D.messages 7.Doing morning exercise_ good for our health.A.is B.was C.are D.were 8.Mrs.Wang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year.She said she would never forget some pleasant _ while working there.A.experiments B.expressions C.experiences D.emotions 答案及答案解析：1-8 CCADB AAC 解析：1.如果你不努力学习的话，就不会通过考试。考查连接词的用法。if 如果，when当时候，unless=ifnot 除非、如果不，because 因为。根据句意，答案为 C。2.试了好多次之后，我们最终成功了。考查 end 的固定搭配。at the end(of)在结束的时候；to the end 直到最后，通常与介词搭配使用；in the end 最后，最终；end of的终端、末端。只有答案 C 符合题意。3.试了好多次之后，我们最终成功了。考查 end 的固定搭配。at the end(of)在结束的时候；to the end 直到最后，通常与介词搭配使用；in the end 最后，最终；end of的终端、末端。只有答案 C 符合题意。4 青少年应该学会保护自己，逃避各种各样的危险。考查代词。protect oneself from保护自己不受的侵害。5.医生建议我父亲戒烟。考查 advise 的用法。advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事。6.我英语作文写得不太好，你能给些建议吗？考查 some 以及名词单复数。some+可数名词复数/不可数名词，排除 B/D，information 信息，不符合题意，故答案为 A。7.做早操对我们身体有好处。考查动名词的用法。动名词作主语，谓语动词为单数形式，排除C/D；题意表达的是常识，选用一般现在时，故答案为 A。8.去年王老师被派遣到一个破旧的小山村教英语。她说她永远不会忘记在那里工作的美好经历。考查名词辨析。experiments 实验；expressions 表情；experiences 经历；emotions 情绪。答案 C 符合题意。