中考英语总复习专项突破语法复习《名词》精品学案(整理含答案)18057.pdf

中考英语总复习专项突破语法复习精品学案 语法三 名词 考点一 名词词义辨析 名词词义的辨析在历年中考试题中属于必考题，通常在单选、完形填空、词语运用等题型中考察。名词词义辨析常分为同类名词辨析、不同类名词辨析和近义名词辨析。其中，同类名词辨析主要涉及抽象类、地点类、职业类、饮食类、情绪类等。单项选择 1 Stephen Hawkings story gives me much to face all kinds of difficulties.A chance B wealth C courage D decision 2 About how to achieve a balance between hobbies and schoolwork，Justin asked me for my A position B attention C suggestion D introduction 考点二 名词的数 名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词与不可数名词。1可数名词的复数形式 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，可数名词复数的变化规则如下：种类 变化 例词 一般情况 加s cakecakes studentstudents bedbeds computercomputers 以 s,x,sh,ch 等结尾的词 加es busbuses classclasses watchwatches boxboxes 以辅音字母加y 结尾的词 变 y 为 i，再加es babybabies citycities countrycountries ladyladies 以元音字母加y 结尾的词 加s toytoys monkeymonkeys keykeys 以 f(fe)结尾的词 变 f(fe)为 v，再加es leafleaves;wolfwolves knifeknives;lifelives 以辅音字母加o结尾的 表示有生命的名词，在词尾加es tomatotomatoes potatopotatoes heroheroes 表示无生命的名词，在词尾加s photophotos pianopianos radioradios 不规则变化 改变单数名词中的元音字母 womanwomen footfeet toothteeth 单复数形式相同 sheepsheep;deerdeer ChineseChinese JapaneseJapanese 其他形式 mousemice childchildren 2.不可数名词的数(1)概述：不可数名词所表示的事物一般不能用数来计算，没有词形变化，这类词主要为抽象名词和物质名词。(2)表示方法：不可数名词需要计量时，用“数词或冠词量词of不可数名词”的结构表示，量词可以是单数也可以是复数，但of 后面的名词只用单数。a cup of tea 一杯茶 two bottles of water 两瓶水 four pieces of paper 四张纸 (一)单项选择 The three upstairs are too sma1l to have enough for a double bed.A room,room B room,rooms C rooms,room D rooms,rooms(二)单词拼写与运用 They havent made a (decide)where to spend their summer vacation.考点三 名词所有格 1表示所有关系一般用s所有格，但表示无生命的事物的所有关系一般用 of 所有格。a students room 一个学生的房间 teachers office 老师们的办公室 the price of the book 这本书的价格 2双重所有格的构成：“ofs所有格”或“of名词性物主代词”。双重所有格和of 所有格意义不同。a photo of my sisters 我妹妹的一张照片(照片属于我妹妹，但是照片上的人不一定是她)a photo of my sister 一张我妹妹的照片(照片上的人是我妹妹)3表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等名词的所有关系，直接在词尾加s。todays newspaper 今天的报纸 4表示“某人家”或“店铺”的名词所有格后，一般省略被修饰的名词。at the doctors 在诊所 5 一样东西为两者或两者以上共有，在最后一个名词词尾加s；若是各自所有，则每个名词词尾都加s。Lucy and Lilys mother is a teacher.Lucys and Lilys homework is usually checked by her.露西和莉莉的妈妈是一名老师，她们俩的作业一般由她检查。单项选择 1 This is family photo,I took it on her mothers birthday.A Mary;forty B Marys;fortieth C Mary;fortieth D Marys;forties 2Tom,are these books？No,they are .Mine are on that shelf.A mine;Jenny B yours;Jennys C mine;Jennys D yours;Jenny 3Excuse me!Is this new house?Yes,its .The parents of them bought it last September.A Lucy and Lilys;theirs B Lucys and Lilys;them C Lucys and Lilys;theirs D Lucy and Lilys;them 考点四 名词作定语 1名词作定语一般用单数形式，但有些常以复数形式出现的名词则仍用复数形式。clothes shop 服装店 sports meeting 运动会 2 man/woman 作定语时随所修饰的名词的数变化。men doctors 男医生 women drivers 女司机 3“数词连字符名词”作定语。a threeday holiday 一个三天的假期 a fiveyear plan 一个五年计划 连字符后面的名词用单数形式 单项选择 1Look at the girl in the square!Oh.Im surprised that a girl can dance so well!Athreeyearsold Bthreeyear old C three years old Dthreeyearsold 2 In China,there are more in primary schools than in high schools.A woman teacher B women teachers C women teacher D woman teachers 参考答案 考点一 1 2 CC 考点二(一)C(二)decision 考点三 1 3 BBA 考点四 1 2 BB 名词专题提升演练 考点一 名词的分类 1.(2018 江 苏 盐 城 中 考)Please give me some on how to spend the coming weekend.A.space B.advice C.praise D.courage 答案:B 2.The New Silk Road will offer a good for more nations to communicate.A.chance B.habit C.question D.price 答案:A 3.Whats your favorite?Summer.Because I can swim in rivers.A.season B.subject C.music D.sport 答案:A 考点二 名词的数 1.Im thirsty,Mom.Id like something to drink.We only have some in the fridge.A.oranges B.ice-cream C.juice D.cheese 答案:C 2.Are you thirsty?Yes,please give us .A.three bottle water B.three bottle of water C.three bottles of water D.three bottles of waters 答案:C 3.Whats in the box?A few ,but little .A.apple;milk B.apple;milks C.apples;milks D.apples;milk 答案:D 考点三 名词所有格 1.How far is it from Chongqing to Guiyang?Its about two ride by high-speed train.A.hour B.hours C.hours D.hours 答案:D 2.bedroom is clean and bright.They like it very much.A.Tom and Sam B.Toms and Sam C.Tom and Sams D.Toms and Sams 答案:C 3.Can you imagine what life will be like in time?Im not sure.A.50 years B.50 years C.50-year D.50-years 答案:A 考点四 名词的语法作用 1.Physics more difficult than math.Do you think so?Yes,I think so.A.is B.are C.am D.has 答案:A 2.There are three in front of the small house.A.apple tree B.apple trees C.apples tree D.apples trees 答案:B 3.The hospital needs two doctors.A.girl B.man C.men D.woman 答案:C 4.Three days really a short time.A.is B.are C.was D.were 答案:A