高中英语Module5TheGreatSportsPersonalitySectionⅡGrammar教学案外研版必修56170.pdf

-1-Section Grammar状语从句 课前自主预习 例句体验 1It was snowing when we got to the airport.我们到达机场时，天正下着雪。2He had put the broken vase away before his mother came back.他趁妈妈还没回来就把打碎的花瓶收拾好了。3He has written to me frequently since I got sick.自从我病了以后，他经常给我写信。4Not until recently did I know what he had done.直到最近我才知道他所做的事。5You will improve your oral English if you keep on practising.如果你坚持练习的话，你将会提高你的英语口语。6Dont go out tomorrow morning in case Mr Li should come to visit you.明天上午不要出去以防李先生会来拜访你。7However difficult(No matter how difficult)the work is，we will try our best to finish it in time.无论工作多么困难，我们都要尽全力及时完成。8Young as/though he is,he knows a lot about life.尽管他很小，但他对生活懂得挺多。课堂合作探究 语法讲座 一、时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连词有 when,while,as,after,before,since,until,till,as soon as,once,the moment,the minute,immediately,every time,next time 等。1when 引导的时间状语从句。(1)when 引导时间状语从句时，表示“当的时候”，从句中谓语既可用延续性动词也可用非延续性动词。(2)在以下句式中 when 表示“这时(突然)”：be about to do sth./be on the point of doing sth.when.(正要做某事这时)；be doing sth.when.(正在做某事这时)；had done sth.when.(刚做完某事这时)。(3)when 还用于 hardly.when.(一就)中，这时，when 从句中常用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。当 hardly 位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，通常把助动词 had 放-2-在主语的前面。When I came home my mother was cooking dinner.我回家时，妈妈在做晚饭。(短暂性动词)When I lived in the countryside,I used to carry some water for him.当我住在农村时，我常常为他送水。(延续性动词)We were about to leave when he came in.我们正要离开，就在那时他进来了。名师点津 when 是连词时，还表示“既然，考虑到”，相当于 since,considering that。例如：How can they learn anything when they spend all their spare time watching television?他们把所有的空闲时间都用来看电视了，还能学什么东西呢？2while 引导的时间状语从句。while 引导时间状语从句时，表示“当的时候”，从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。Study while you study;play while you play.该学习的时候就学习，该玩的时候就玩。名师点津 while 是连词时，还表示“虽然”，表示此意时，引导的从句常放在句首；还表示“然而”，放在句中，强调前后之间对比转折。例如：While I admit that there are problems,I dont agree that they cannot be solved.尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意说这些问题不能解决。I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream.我爱喝清咖啡，而他喜欢加奶油的。3as 引导的时间状语从句。as 引导时间状语从句时，表示“当时，一边一边”，侧重表示主句中的动作和从句中的动作同时发生，或者一种动作随着另一种动作的变化而变化。He jumps as he goes along.他边走边跳。As he grew old,he went deaf.随着年龄的增长，他变聋了。名师点津 as 是连词时，还表示“虽然；因为；像；以方式”。例如：Much as I like you,I couldnt live with you.-3-我尽管很喜欢你，却不能和你在一起生活。His eyes arent quite as blue as they look in the film.他的眼睛不像在电影里见到的那么蓝。Why didnt you catch the last bus as I told you to?你怎么不听我的话赶乘末班公共汽车呢？As you werent there I left a message.因为你不在那里，我留了个便条。4.since 引导的时间状语从句。since 引导时间状语从句时，表示“自从”，从句中的谓语动词常用瞬间动词。一般情况下，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。He hasnt been home since he graduated.自从他毕业后就没回过家。Its six months since we last met each other.自从我们上次见面(到现在)已有六个月了。名师点津(1)在“it be表示一段时间的词语since 引导的时间状语从句”中，主句中谓语用一般现在时和用现在完成时区别不大。(2)since 表示“自从”时，还是介词，后面接名词。另外，ever since 相当于 since。(3)since 还可以引导原因状语从句，表示“既然”。5.before 和 after 引导的时间状语从句。before 引导时间状语从句时，表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前；after 引导时间状语从句时，表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。See me before you leave.在你离开之前来见我。I saw them after I arrived.在我抵达之后，我见到了他们。It was some time before we realized the truth.过了一段时间我们才意识到真相。It will be one month before we return to our school.一个月后我们才能返校。名师点津 before 常用于“it be表示一段时间的词语before 引导的时间状语从句”中，表示“才，就”。itwas时间段before 从句(一般过去时)；itwill bebefore 从句(一般现在时)。-4-6.till 和 until 引导的时间状语从句。till 和 until 这两个词作连词和介词时的意义和用法相同，一般可以互换。放在句首时通常用 until 的形式，till 在口语中更为常见。till 和 until 引导时间状语从句时，若主句是肯定形式，这时主句的谓语是延续性动词，表示“到为止”；若主句是否定形式，主句的谓语是短暂性动词，表示“直到才”。Walk till/until you come to a white house.一直走到一座白房子为止。We didnt discuss the problem until he came back.我们一直等到他回来后才讨论这个问题。名师点津 Not until 位于句首时，主句的主语和谓语要倒装，表示加强语气。对 not.until 句式的强调使用固定句型：It is/was not until.that.。I had no idea of it until you told me.Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.直到你告诉我，我才知道这件事。7.immediately，instantly，the instant，the moment/minute 等引导时间状语从句时，相当于 as soon as，表示“一就”，指从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即发生。Immediately/The moment/As soon as I saw her,I knew there was something wrong.我一看到她，就知道出事了。名师点津 hardly.when.,no sooner.than.也可表示“一就”，但要注意以下三点：(1)连词搭配不能换；(2)当 hardly,no sooner 置于句首时，主句采用部分倒装，常用过去完成时(had done)。No sooner had the children rushed out than the bell rang.铃一响，孩子们就冲出去了。8the first/last/next time(第一/上/下次)，every time(每次)等名词短语作连词，引导时间状语从句。The first time I spoke in public,I felt embarrassed.第一次当众演讲，我感到局促不安。9once 引导的时间状语从句。once 表示“一旦；一就”，相当于 as soon as,when。It wont be difficult once you have got used to it.-5-你一旦习惯了就不难了。Once he said that,I knew he was lying.他一说这话，我就知道他在说谎了。二、条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句的连词主要有 if,unless,as/so long as,on condition that,in case,suppose/supposing 等。1if 和 unless 引导的条件状语从句。if 表示正面的条件，意为“如果”；unless(if not)表示负面的条件，意为“除非，如果不”。If you ask him,he will help you.如果你请求他，他会帮助你。He is sure to come unless he has some urgent business.He is sure to come if he doesnt have any urgent business.他一定会来，除非他有急事。2in case,on condition that,providing,provided(that)，supposing,suppose(that)等词汇意思相近，表示“假如，假使，在条件下”(比 if 更为书面化)。In case he comes，let me know.如果他来的话，告诉我一声。I shall give you my dictionary on condition that you return it tomorrow.我将把我的字典给你，如果你明天能还的话。Suppose/Supposing(that)/Providing/Provided(that)he does not come，what shall we do?他要是不来，我们该怎么办？3.as long as(so long as)表示充分必要条件，引导语气强烈的条件状语从句时，意为“只要”。You may use the book so/as long as you will return it on time.只要你准时还，你就可以用这本书。三、让步状语从句 引导让步状语从句的连词主要有以下这些：though，although,as;even if,even though;whether.or.;no matter疑问词，疑问词ever。1.although,though,while,even though,even if 都表示“虽然，即使，尽管”之意，even if 和 even though 带有强调意味，显得语气更强。Although/Though/While they are poor,they are happy.他们虽然很穷，但很快乐。-6-Even though/Even if it was raining,she walked to work.即使下雨，她也是走着去上班。名师点津(1)though 引导让步状语从句时，用法比较特殊，它引导的从句可以倒装，也可以不倒装。不倒装时，可以与 although/while 互换；倒装时，可以与 as 互换；倒装时从句的语序是：名词/形容词/副词/谓语动词的一部分though主语其他。(2)though 还是副词，相当于 however，常位于句中或句末。2.as 引导让步状语从句时，表示“虽然，即使，尽管”，其引导的让步状语从句必须采用倒装结构，即：形容词/副词/名词/实义动词as主语谓语的其他部分。Funny as it seems，the story is true.这个故事看似可笑，却是真的。Child as he is，he can tell black from white.尽管还是个孩子，他却能分辨黑白。Try as he would/might，he couldnt open the door.他试过多次了，却仍打不开那扇门。名师点津 若 as/though 引导的让步状语从句中位于句首的是单数可数名词，名词前一般不带冠词。3“no matter疑问词”或“疑问词ever”。however(无论怎样),whatever(无论什么),whoever(无论谁),whomever(无论谁),whichever(无论哪个),whenever(无论何时),wherever(无论哪里),no matter(who,what,where,when,etc.)(无论)引导让步状语从句时，两种形式可以互换。No matter what happened,he would not mind.Whatever happened,he would not mind.无论发生了什么，他都不会介意的。名师点津“no matter疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词ever”还可以引导名词性从句。He can tell you whatever you want to know.(引导名词性从句，不能转换成 no matter what)你想要知道什么他都可以告诉你。课堂总结演练 选词填空 unless,until,since,even though,however,while 1_ it rained,we still had a great time at the parade.-7-答案：Even though 2He fell asleep _ I was reading.答案：while 3_ you go at once you will be late.答案：Unless 4_ we came to the university,we have learnt quite a lot.答案：Since 5_ rich you are,you should be modest.答案：However 6She didnt go to bed _ he came back.答案：until 句型转换 1No matter who you are,I wont open the door._ you are,I wont open the door.答案：Whoever 2Until you agree to do what we say,we will not have direct contacts with you.Not until you agree to do what we say _ we _ direct contacts with you.答案：will;have 3The storm had no sooner started than all the lights went out.No sooner _ started than all the lights went out.答案：had the storm 4He felt a thrill the very moment he got into the theatre.He felt a thrill _ he got into the theatre.答案：as soon as 5Though he works hard,he makes little progress._ he works,he makes little progress.答案：Hard as/though 单句写作 1纵然你读得快，你也不能这么快读完这本书。_，you cant finish the book so soon.答案：Fast as/though you read 2在你做出决定之前还有几天可以考虑。You can have a few days to think about it _.-8-答案：before you make your decision 3直到她儿子回来，妈妈才上床睡觉。Mother didnt go to bed _.答案：until her son came back 4趁热打铁。_.答案：Strike while the iron is hot 5那位年轻女士一听到响声就冲进房间。The young lady rushed into the room _.答案：immediately she heard the noise 演练通关提升 夯实基础知识 单句语法填空 1She says that shell have to close the shop _ business improves.答案：unless 2_ I was a child,Ive wanted to learn to dance.答案：Since/Ever since 3Try _ he might,he could not lift the box up.答案：as/though 4How long do you suppose it is _ he arrived there?答案：since 5Did Jack come back early last night?Yes.It was only eight oclock _ he arrived home.答案：when 6Hardly had he finished his speech _ the audience started cheering.答案：when 7_ we gave him something to eat,he would save it up for his little sister.答案：Whenever/No matter when 8There are three persons waiting ahead of you.Please be seated _ your number is called.答案：until 9Babies sleep 16 to 18 hours in every 24 hours,and they sleep less _ they grow older.答案：as -9-10You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason _ you reach any decision.答案：before 单句改错 1The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life._ 答案：wherewhen 2If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom,I will never forget it._ 答案：IfAlthough/Though 3Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year,but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems._ 答案：去掉 but 或 butyet 4In fact,he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me._ 答案：duringwhen 5My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up._ 答案：afterwhen/while 单句写作 1尽管你等了，他可能也不会见你。_，he will not see you.答案：Wait as you may 2你快没时间了，趁着来得及改变主意吧！Your time is running out.Change your mind _！答案：before it is too late 3虽然电脑对我们的日常生活很方便，但它也可能会引起其他问题。_in daily life,it may cause other problems.答案：While computers are convenient to us -10-4只要你不灰心，你会成功的。_，you will succeed.答案：As long as you dont lose heart 5他出去散步了，而我却呆在家里。He went out for a walk,_.答案：while I stayed at home 提升实战能力 阅读理解 Jeremy Shuhow Lin,who is a professional basketball player in NBA,has become the most popular basketball player both in America and China.In February,2012,he appeared on Times with a title Linsanity,which is one of the most important magazines.Jeremy Lin was born in Los Angeles,California,and grew up in the San Francisco Bay Area city of Palo Alto.His parents moved from Taiwan and immigrated to the United States in the mid1970s.Lins two brothers,Josh and Joseph,are also interested in playing basketball.But only Lin plays basketball in NBA now.As a graduate from Harvard University,Lin has high intelligence of basketball,but his career in NBA isnt smooth.Before he went to New York Knicks,he ever played in Golden State Warriors in 20102011 season.In 20112012 season,he played with some big basketball stars like JR Smith,Carmelo Anthony and Amare Stoudemire and got more time to play in matches.On February 10th,2012,Jeremy Lin scored 38 points in the match,against Los Angeles Lakers led by Kobe Bryant.After the match,Kobe said,“Players playing that well dont usually come out of nowhere.It seems like they come out of nowhere,but if you go back and take a look,his skill level was probably there from the beginning.It probably just went unnoticed.”For Jeremy Lin,the trip of basketball has just begun.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了美国华裔篮球明星林书豪表现出色并入选时代杂志的故事。1From the first paragraph,we can know that _.AJeremy is the most popular basketball player just in China BJeremy has got another nickname“Linsanity”-11-CTimes is the most important magazine Dthe magazines name is Linsanity 答案：B 推理判断题。第一段讲的是最近出名的美国华裔篮球明星 Jeremy(中文名林书豪)在 2012 年 2 月份登上美国最著名杂志之一时代。他同时获得一个绰号“Linsanity”。由此可推断 B 项正确，其他三项描述不正确。2The underlined word“immigrated”in the second paragraph probably means“_”Aescaped Bflew Cmoved Dreferred 答案：C 词义猜测题。根据第二段中“moved from”可推知“林书豪的父母”应是“移居”到美国。escape“逃脱”；fly“飞”；refer“提及，参考”，均不符合语境。3The author writes the third paragraph mainly to tell us that _.ALin has two brothers who helped him a lot BLins basketball career is looking up CLin has played with some big basketball stars DLin and his team beat Los Angeles Lakers 答案：B 段落大意题。根据该段第三句及其后几句的描述看，主要内容是关于 Lin 的一些信息和他在篮球事业上的成长经历，虽然他在 NBA 打篮球的经历不是一帆风顺的但逐渐变好。由此可知选 B 项。4What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?ALin is likely to do better in his future basketball career.BLin just begins his trip to America for playing basketball.CLins basketball career must be smooth in the future.DLin will become the most popular basketball player in China.答案：A 推理判断题。文章倒数第二段引用球星 Kobe(科比)的话，说明林书豪在打篮球方面是非常优秀的，也许人们一开始没有注意到他，但他的水平一开始就很好。最后一段说林书豪的篮球事业之旅才刚刚开始，言外之意是说作者相信林书豪将来在篮球方面会做得更好。A 项符合此意；B 项叙述不正确；C、D 两项说法过于绝对。七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If you desire to meet new friends,have fun and get into shape,basketball is the best sport for you regardless of whether you are a professional or an amateur._1_ Here are some of the benefits you can acquire from playing basketball.-12-Improve your fitness levels.Playing basketball will definitely improve your fitness levels.Basketball is an amazing cardiovascular(心血管的)exercise,which is beneficial to people with heart problems._2_ Encourage teamwork.Basketball requires team work to achieve a common objective._3_ This sport is great for kids,as it shows them how to work together in harmony to reach the goal.Learning how to relate with others will improve your childs confidence as well as selfesteem(自尊)_4_ Making a shot or winning can really improve your childs selfesteem,which is a vital aspect during childhood.Children with confidence are able to overcome challenges better,according to recent studies.Develop social skills.It brings individuals together and helps create friendship and bonds.This provides a great opportunity for children who are shy,as it helps them interact with new friends._5_ Although there are no drawbacks associated to playing basketball,it is necessary that you perform other exercises to improve your speed and power.ABuild up your muscles.BImprove confidence and selfesteem.CThe players have to work as a team to guarantee a win.DSocial skills will help your child function better in life.EBasketball is popular worldwide due to a variety of reasons.FGenerally speaking,basketball is one of the safest sports in the world.GMoreover,it aids in oxygen circulation and blood distribution throughout the body.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了打篮球的好处。1E 上句介绍如果想认识新朋友，玩得开心，锻炼身体，篮球是最适合的运动。E 项(由于各种原因，篮球运动在世界各地受到欢迎。)与上句承接，说明了打篮球的普遍性，故选 E。2G 本部分介绍打篮球能提高健康水平，上句介绍打篮球是很好的心血管运动，对有心脏问题的人们有好处。G 项(此外，它有助于氧气循环和血液输送。)与上句并列，说明打篮球对健康的益处，故选 G。3C 本部分介绍打篮球能培养团队合作精神，C 项(队员们必须通过团队合作来赢取胜-13-利。)是介绍合作的重要性，符合本段内容，故选 C。4B 根据本部分中的“improve your childs selfesteem”和“Children with confidence”可知，本段主题是关于打篮球对培养孩子自尊心和自信心的好处，B 项(增强自信和自尊。)概括了这两项内容，适合作为本段标题，故选 B。5D 本部分介绍打篮球能提高社交技能，D 项(社交技能将帮助你的孩子更好地生活。)是介绍社交技能的重要性。D 项中的 Social skills 与本段标题一致，故选 D。语法填空 The British have many traditions but there is nothing more quintessential(典型的)than taking afternoon tea.We know the British have a love affair with drinking tea,_1_ more than 160 million cups drunk every day,but it was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea drinking into _2_ popular pastime.This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea _3_(comfort)while nibbling(小口吃)on nice sandwiches,scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes.And,of course,it can only happen in the afternoon!Afternoon tea,_4_(design)as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner,dates back to the 1840s.It went on to become a _5_(fashion)social