英语名词性从句翻译指导.doc
英语名词性从句翻译指导考研英语翻译是同学们比拟容易失分的题目。其实，这个题型有一定的解题方法，和解题步骤。下面，北京新东方就为考研的同学们详细的介绍一下英语名词性从句翻译的指导。2 S! p& g1 q* 9 1 U4 0 I( d( D5 X* L3 : v一、主语从句- Z' I8 O5 u: , 6 U6 h( L3 Q2 a8 o9 4 A1以what, whatever, whoever, whether, when, where, how, why等词引导的主语从句，在翻译的时候，一般可以按照英语原文顺序来翻译。 e, |- Q9 G& A& b5 J; 0 H+ F2 Y2 v: G2 VWhat he told me was only half-truth.1 5 a8 B" # U7 z" M5 - 8 ?( D' t7 I( Z& $ v9 Q& 3 Y他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西而已。2 b: R. R+ " U3 T* o9 u9 O& c' L' & U + v0 ) mWhatever is worth doing should be done well./ e* j w* N6 x" u* a7 n | p. 6 : ) o$ o3 D( h任何值得做的事情都应该做好。3 p: N) C& L% w P! G1 P% u: r$ U t4 A2 OWhether he comes or not makes no difference.) m; |3 Z$ 6 |7 X7 M9 t6 Q" * M8 G, f$ ?# + G他来不来都没有关系。- R, W/ X: u* m% W) D' n. 6 X- W2 3 |' ?- cWhen we can begin the expedition is still a question.! ( j% l# p2 E) k/ R) y$ " Y7 r5 I, 7 F4 c$ V; F4 C我们何时才能开始这次考察仍然是悬而未决。; s1 o* m8 9 ?9 e. u+ K% z8 p j4 z7 I: c8 iHow he is going to do it is a mystery.: Z6 V% d# n2 ! k6 e. M, i* h. k他准备怎么做这个事情是个迷。" E7 r9 B0 E3 w( K; A* j& c+ G& ?& i, o6 i' v2 f- Z4 k; ?+ P2用it作形式主语的主语从句，可以把主语从句放到汉语句子最前面去翻译。为了强调起见，it一般可以译出来；如果不需要强调，it也可以不译出来。4 C& p. S( y4 " w2 S, 9 w; w* W9 i+ / 9 m( It doesnt make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not.3 A: H# B1 S2 K9 V, v* V2 l7 # J1 Z# H, s! t他参加不参加会议没有多大关系。It没有翻译1 t5 1 o$ d4 1 V5 N4 9 N; h8 i q. z( fIt seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash.% d/ I) # H3 E9 W2 x/ + O, G( O) C: g5 R驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后，竟然还能活着，这看来是不可想象的。It翻译为“这" P; P: 9 h% H8 E1 e, G& H0 L- c6 R$ z. J9 H Z6 K1 K3 _* u% G/ 有时候，如果主语从句仍然按照英语原来的顺序翻译的话，it一般不需要译出来。在汉语译文的开始，一般可以用“.的是，.这样的结构来翻译。9 n4 E5 l# B3 9 t b8 , / w1 G. H7 R2 y7 u+ / t, E7 T+ It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.! J3 ?' H4 z0 z7 N G& u0 : d4 $ Y$ c& J1 C真奇怪，她竟然没有看出自己的缺点。It不用翻译，还可以用“奇怪的是.这样的结构来翻译5 N! u7 t: K# B/ |2 w9 N( v9 h, U3 c8 C二、宾语从句/ + v$ t/ X2 G3 l" b8 K( n- w# f, e9 A4 c) e7 W4 & M1用that, what, how, when, which, why, whether, if 等引起的宾语从句，翻译成汉语的时候，一般不需要改变它在原句中的顺序。% |' S0 R0 o* s' G+ k! x1 B( O- f4 W6 s( z8 n1 S5 v2 B4 UI told him that because of the last condition, Id have to turn it down. u9 P/ a8 T' u) ) S* y$ s7 QE1 W7 S; d4 e& P我告诉他，由于那最后一个条件，我只得谢绝。; x8 S1 o9 m+ L# y7 F- + S: n# Y; X. : M3 P# xCan you hear what I say?/ R7 e/ ?' Z7 e% P# B, W9 Z8 ?) 9 z1 0 W5 5 v6 L, q你听得到我所讲的吗？; h* 1 M" ( M, F% u% P& J7 u6 I dont know that he swam across the river." L# X0 O: P* H: e* F) R- o) V$ Y/ W. g: l% J我不知道他游过了那条河。8 D/ I; v g' s& b7 _) L1 A8 9 |- Z; N" n, K- I dont know how he swam across the river.8 Q" I( 3 N; F( B+ e2 r3 ?4 D; ; r% c9 M我不知道他是怎么游过那条河的。* ?8 S! |: ; c" Q; U/ ) X+ |) g, T- z: j7 u) 6 o" OHe has informed me when they are to discuss my proposal.$ E' h- b4 G3 o7 y/ I" 3 K& j4 u# e* e他已经通知我他们将在什么时候谈论我的建议。: g' S% r8 W3 7 S, w$ d+ r4 P2 i: q) V( q有时可加“说字，再接下去翻译译英语原文宾语从句的内容。. U1 R8 h9 a3 C1 J, ; N: d2 r7 q: h$ xSmith replied that he was sorry.8 j& c" q: w- M' n, U! Y* X$ ?1 s: y3 x8 Q: q. _- t斯密斯答复说，他感到遗憾。7 n4 w% . D4 4 p* ?! W/ L N7 ( g ) HHe would remind people again that it was decided not only by himself but bylots of others.- e; J3 h; D$ n! 5 R* - c. k; p7 . Q- M他再三提醒大家说，决定这件事的不只是他一个人，还有其他许多人。' H# T6 Z- : I" A9 l$ X* P! V3 J5 # ?, L( D: g2、用it作形式宾语的句子，在翻译的时候，that所引导的宾语从句一般可按英语原文顺序翻译；it有时候可以不用翻译。" m+ B% $ V& C$ h, _9 | Y- L9 p. l3 ?I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 oclock in the morning.: p0 l; G! U$ , ; n+ h- R# - / L! J( r- J7 ! P2 2 J* 4 我向他们讲清楚了的，他们必须在上午十时前交卷。it没有翻译% H( X/ D7 |5 f# g4 j$ m; x+ P" r# ?: P0 T4 O6 9 S8 p. k* fI heard it said that he had gone abroad.+ e5 Y; 1 C6 y- b$ f4 c" z9 S1 A/ K L- S$ ?! w' e听说他已经出国了。it没有翻译, B E& h% _$ |, h- M: _2 o) s- # m: m但有时候，也可以在译文中将that引导的宾语从句提前到句子最前面翻译。3 6 n& x" c- i4 e: J% i$ p8 l5 d! o$ a+ j6 : O! tI regard it as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting.! E8 S$ y/ V8 z2 h9 n7 B* u' y& I* k3 s* 3 我被选参加会议，感到荣耀。it没有翻译5 V: Y& F- q: f. R. t4 c7 a+ o' d1 P/ a9 k! p. NWe consider it absolutely necessary that we should open our door to the outside world./ W2 x; A! b2 o" G4 |2 _( c, E) 0 7 t0 D0 w# A& e % J翻开国门，实行开放，我们认为这是绝对必要的。it翻译为“这
