机械制造工程学外文翻译、中英文翻译、外文文献翻译.doc

机械制造工程学外文翻译、中英文翻译、外文文献翻译 英文原文Manufacturing EngineeringMultitasking MachiningDone-in-one setup makes parts betterHardened gear wheels RC 62-65 are rough and finish-turned and finish-ground drilled threaded and broached on an EMAG VSC 250 DS machine Multifunction machine tools have been around long enough in various configurations for manufacturers to appreciate their potential for cost-saving quality production of parts from miniature connectors to transmission housings for off-highway equipment Development of true multitasking machineshowever has removed them from the category of special machinesManufacturers have made them one of the fastest growing categories of CNC machine tools because they improve competitiveness They offer the flexibility to meet just-in-time delivery of a variety of parts in smaller lot sizes They consolidate the processes of many machines improve accuracy and save time formerly required for multiple setups as work was moved from machine to machine and operation to operation Finally they employ resources of people and capital equipment more efficiently a definite plus that the most astute accountants can appreciateThe most familiar multitasking machines are NC lathes with live tools in the turret mill-turns and Swiss turning centers NC lathes with a Y axis that allows turrets to move from side to side have full milling or drilling capability They can mill drill and machine off the spindle centerline A B axis allows rotation around the Y axis for drilling at an angle or contour millingsand dollars to over a million dollars That hardly qualifies them as commodity machines yet increasingly these multitasking machines form the backbone of advanced machining operations for everyone from contract manufacturers to OEMsTrends in the design of multitasking machines include packing more punch into a limited and crowded work area with extra slides more horsepower even matching sub spindle horsepower to that of the main spindle putting more driven tools in the cut at the same time and developing sophisticated software and controls for collision-avoidance scheduling and production analysisFor machine tool manufacturers with extensive experience in building CNC lathes and turning centers developing multitasking machines is a natural next stepRomi Machine Tools Ltd Erlanger KY developed its multitasking E series turning centers to perform turning boring milling and tapping in one setup in a machine with a compact footprint The E 320 turning center can be configured with one or two spindlesC axis live tools and Y axis for mid to high-volume production The left spindle features a belt-driven cartridge-style gearless headstock with a high-torque 25 or 35-hp 186 or 261-kW GE Fanuc AC spindle motor with a variable speed driveThe right spindle can match the left spindle with a similar 25-hp spindle motor The slant-bed style E 320 series has a swing of 2755" 700 mm a imum cutting length of 2362" 600 mm distance between spindle faces of 4126" 1048 mm and a cutting diam of 126" 320 mm The E series includes an E 280 model which features 15-hp 111-kW spindles as well as a double-turret double-spindle E 220 modelpressure coolant air blast tool touch probe and part sensor The Hardinge-designed and built jaw chuckcollet-ready spindle design permits faster spindle speeds for faster cycle times and imum part rigidity as parts are gripped close to the spindle bearings resulting in increased concentricityWhen equipped with Hardinges patented HydroGlide hydrostatic linear guideway system the Quest CNC lathes have the rigidity and precision required for hard turning as well as the improved crash protection that hydrostatic design offersThe concept of "done in one" rules today especially as complex parts can be machined from bar stock or from solid often eliminating the leadtime and expense involved to design and produce castings and forgings Manufacturers have been quick to recognize and study their potential for maintaining critical tolerances between features by eliminating multiple setups and the time and accuracy lost moving from operation to operationAt its Technical Center Caterpillar Inc Peoria IL works in alliance with its machine tool suppliers to evaluate the potential of equipment and processes that can range from prototype work to production for next-generation Caterpillar equipment according to Jim Reeb director of manufacturing research and development Caterpillar is currently working with Cincinnati Lambs H5 Geminex series machine for machining and turning powertrain componentsThe H5 Geminex machine is a flexible solution for processing medium-sized and large parts requiring milling and turning in a single setup combining four and five-axis machining and high-speed turning"Were doing some horizontal types of machining and turning on ductile housings" says Reeb "Well develop the process at the Tech Center and once its worked out well release the machine to our Decatur IL facility for installation and production"Early experience with the potential of multitasking machine cells led Sandvik Mining and Construction Sandviken Sweden to move production of its DTH down-the-hole rock drilling bits from the low-cost manufacturing environment of Mexico to Sweden in 2001 The DTH rock drilling bits are made from alloy steel forging blanks in 200 different types of which 15 types are most frequently produced in batches varying from eight to 48Making the move possible was the performance of a multitasking cell featuring three Nakamura STS-40 super multitasking turning centers with robotic workpiece handling The cell is able to perform all turning milling drilling and button-hole drilling including a hardening cycle of the alloy steel DTH drill bits in five days with 12 operators The previous conventional method required seven machines and 50 people Standardizing on the Sandvik Coromant Capto interface and selecting twin-edge tooling with two inserts in each toolholder enable each machine to independently perform complete machining of drill bitsThe need to be competitive in its manufacturing processes is no less important to a machine tool builder than it is to its customers In mid-November 2005 at the unveiling of its latest investment in advanced technology at its headquarters and manufacturing facility in Florence KY Brian Papke president Mazak Corp said "It is nae to be committed to manufacturing in the US without a plan to become cost and price competitive"To support production of its Nexus family of machines many of which have multitasking capabilities Mazak implemented lean manufacturing practices including building to market demand rather than forecast and developing modularly assembled systems A Palletech automation system for "done-in-one" manufacturing was installed Production capacity for Nexus machines at its Florence facility has risen to 140 machines per monthRotomill MPMC machines can turn mill both with B axis and U axis as well as drill tap or hob complex workpiecesManufacturing cells at Mazaks Florence facility feature Integrex multitasking machines produced by parent company Yamazaki Mazak Oguchi Japan Mazak has installed two Integrex-500HS multitasking machines teamed with robots for part loading and material handling within the flex cells A large Integrex e-1060 V8 multitasking center is being integrated with an existing HMC FMS to allow more flexibility in processing medium-sized machine components In its product mix Mazak numbers 11 different Integrex multitasking models and another 20 models with some degree of multitasking capability In recognition of the unique challenges in programming and operation of multitasking machines Mazak has established a Center for Multi-Tasking and Manufacturing Excellence for training customers in all aspects of multitasking machining at its National Technology Center which was doubled in sizeWorkpieces as large as these crankshafts and larger are completely machined on WFLs mill-turn centersFollowing introductions in Japan last summer and at EMO 2005 Mori Seiki USA Inc Irving TX introduced its new NT Series of integrated mill-turn centers to the North American market in November The NT Series is said to be the product of a complete rethinking of the design and construction of the multitasking machine with the goal of integrating milling and turning functions completely to deliver the same performance levels achieved by each process on dedicated machinesThe NT Series employs both DCG Driven at the Center of Gravity technology and the box-in-box construction of its NH Series horizontal machining centers along with a turret with a built-in milling motorThe NT Series comprises nine models with spindle lower turret and no center support options bringing the total number of variations to 66 NT Series machines have a B axis 120 that uses a direct drive DD motor eliminating backlash and making high-speed rotation possible imum spindle speed is 5000 rpm with a imum tool spindle speed of 12000 rpmThe turret with built-in milling motor first introduced with Mori Seikis NL Series of CNC lathes reportedly minimizes heat generation and vibration while eliminating transmission losses The NL CNC lathes are available in four classes and six specification variations Some 70 of the NL lathes ordered have been equipped with the multitasking capability of the direct-drive milling motor turretMori Seikis MAPPS III control system for fast processing and collision prevention completely checks for interference in 3-D in real time for spindles workpieces soft jaws tools holders and turrets Component collisions are prevented at all stages from setup to program operation since interference is detected in all automatic and manual modesGeneral engineering and aerospace contract manufacturers working in difficult-to-machine materials such as titanium Inconel and hardened steels are regarded as prime candidates for the M35 and M35-G multitasking models introduced by WFL Millturn Technologies Inc Novi MI at EMO 2005The M35 series is the newest and smallest of WFLs product lineup of mill turn centers The M35 series features a imum turning diam of 420 mm workpiece lengths up to 2090 mm and a total of 92 tools including the lower turret WFLs largest mill turns can process workpieces to 65-m long providing multifunctional turning-boring-milling units for complete machining of complex chuck and bar workpieces in one setupThe M35-G delivers high torque and feed forces to get the full potential of tools weighing up to 15 kg and measuring 450-mm long The 20-kW milling spindle has a imum torque of 165 Nm above 1100 rpm Tool change takes place in a fixed and clearly defined position above the left-hand main spindle The changing device ensures swift replacement and transfer of tools no longer required to the magazine Tool systems can be HSK-A63 Capto C6 or KM63To avoid collisions in automatic and manual operation WFL offers a patented software option called CrashGuard a real-time software extension of the CNC Based on an internal 3-D model of the machine CrashGuard provides realistic modeling of all special functions of the control such as five-axis interpolation rotation of coordinates spline interpolation and synchronizations as well as correct and automatic representation of all machine cycles and macros whether created by the machine manufacturer or the end userWeing itner Maschinenbau GmbH Kirchham Austria has expanded its Rotomill pick-up whirlingmilling machines with the introduction of the Rotomill MPMC multiproduct machining center The Rotomill MPMC is equipped with a pick-up high-power machining head and a five-axis interpolating controller for production of balancedunbalanced chucking parts and heavy shafts as well as for box-shaped housing-like components with dimensions up to 15-m diam workpiece envelope to 11-m longProcesses such as turning milling boring deep hole drilling and tapping can be performed on the Rotomill MPMC in a single setup Virtually any mechanical cutting method can be realized including turning milling both with B and also U axis as well as drilling tapping or hobbingApplications include production in one setup of extrusion cylinder and feed extruder screws precision and special tubes for the oilfield industry large crankshafts cam shafts motor housings aircraft landing gears and heavy drive shafts for the energy ship building and defense industries Other industries that use the systems include the paper industry mining electrical including turbines electrical shafts compressor and plastics industriesWith quality requirements in the mechanical engineering industry and especially the automotive sector becoming increasingly stringent EMAG LLC Farmington Hills MI has combined hard turning and finish grinding for fast removal of metal and finish machining of parts The demand for tighter tolerances and expanded machining capabilities requires the complete machining of components in a single setupEMAG which offers workpiece-specific solutions for batch production in the automotive hydraulics and pneumatics industries points to the need for multifunctional machines and dry machining particularly of hardened workpieces Reasons include ecology environmental compatibility and the rapid rise in waste-disposal costs for cutting oilsEMAGEMAGs VSC DS turning and grinding centers are being used to machine workpieces such as transmission parts gearwheels sliding sleeves link pins components for CVT gearboxes roller races rocker arms bearings and bearing rings The combination of grinding and hard turning generates the smallest possible amount of heat on the workpiece surface Rough hard turning is immediately followed by finish grinding without changing setupsThe pick-up concept allows the EMAG VSC DS turning and grinding center to load itself just like all the other VSC machines The machine benefits from thermal stability as work spindle grinding spindles turret and machine base are all fluid-cooled中文翻译制造工程学多功能加工中心一次装夹使加工零件性能更好在EMAG VSC 250铣机床上完成硬齿轮 RC62-65 粗铣精铣外表精加工钻孔和铰孔的加工为了在微型接头传动轴承高速设备的生产本钱节约零件的质量中挖掘出他们的潜力制造商早就在多功能机床上进行了足够的多种配置尽管如此随着的真正的多任务处理机器的开展这些机床已经从特殊机床种类中移除了 为了提高他们的竞争力制造商使他们成为在CNC机床种类中开展最迅猛的产品之一他们具有的可变性可满足在各种各样的小型多尺寸零件中的即时传递他们强化了许多机械过程提高了精度并节省了像以前需要设置多重工作换动机器和运行操作的时间最终他们更高效的使用了人类资源和资金设备让最精明的会计师也倍感欣赏这类式多任务处理机床是具有活动转塔式的数控车床这种数控车床有一个Y轴控制转塔往返移动因而有全功能的钻和磨的能力它们可以磨钻偏移机器主轴中心轴线在一个角度钻孔和磨轮廓时AB轴可以饶Y轴旋转本文所述的机床的价格范围从10万美元到100多万美元不等这样价格限定该机床不是属于日常用的普通机器随着开展那些多功能机床成为先进机器的代表产品制造厂商有越来越多的生产多动能机床的业务要获得更大的开展前景多任务机床的设计趋势包括生产更多的机床向特殊工作领域还要有更大的马力并且在从动轴上也装置动力机构从而让力传到主动轴上配置更多驱动装置能在同一时间工作还要开展软件和控制结构进行行程和加工分析防止加工中的撞刀现象出现 机器制造厂商有丰富的经验在制造数控车床和旋转中心方面因而改良多任务机床是下一步自然趋势 飞跃机床开发了自己的多任务E系列加工中心可以进行钻镗磨并且在机床的一个装置中进行排屑而且有紧密的轨迹E320系列的加工中心配置了一个或两个轴C轴刀具库在加工大体积零件时Y轴对刀左主轴是采用套筒式带传动主轴箱内齿轮受的扭矩高达25或35-hp186或261-kW主轴的电机是