感情破裂论文：因家庭暴力导致的离婚诉讼审判研究.doc

感情破裂论文：因家庭暴力导致的离婚诉讼审判研究【中文摘要】家庭暴力是导致家庭破裂的主要因素之一,家庭暴力不仅仅给直接受害人造成身体和精神上的损害,共同生活的其他家庭成员亦会受到不良影响,尤其是儿童。在家庭暴力环境下成长的孩子,不能拥有完整幸福的家庭,还会留下心理阴影,对其成年后的家庭生活埋下隐患。同时,家庭又是社会的根本组成单位,导致家庭不和谐的因素亦将成为社会不稳定的主要因素。所以,研究家庭暴力案件所涉及的一系列法律问题,对家庭、社会都有极为重要的现实意义。现行立法规定家庭暴力案件举证适用一般举证规那么,即“谁主张,谁举证。但是家庭暴力不同于一般的侵权案件,其具有普遍性、隐秘性、行为手段多样性、损害后果不确定性等特点,使得受害人往往面临“举证难的困境,无法证明家庭暴力的存在。而能够证明遭受家庭暴力的当事人,由于离婚损害赔偿制度对构成要件的严苛要求,亦难以获得满意的赔偿。审理家庭暴力案件通常要解决的这些问题的法律规定仍有不尽完善之处,对其进行分析研究,无论是对立法的完善抑或法学理论的进步都有重大意义。本文以邱梅诉方林离婚纠纷案为例,针对以下两个焦点问题所产生的争议和分歧意见展开详细研究:一是判决离婚法律原那么与认定夫妻感情破裂的法定条件的关系,即依据被告对原告实施家庭暴力的事实是否可以判断夫妻感情确已破裂。本文认为只要出现家庭暴力,一方坚决要求离婚,调解无效的,便可判决离婚。根据被告对原告实施的家庭暴力可以判断夫妻感情确已破裂。二是离婚损害赔偿构成要件中的因果关系,即被告对原告实施家庭暴力的行为是否导致了离婚并应负离婚损害赔偿之责。本文认为只要遭受家庭暴力的一方坚决要求离婚,就说明家庭暴力已到达使夫妻感情破裂的程度,构成离婚的原因。本案被告对原告实施家庭暴力的行为导致了离婚并应负离婚损害赔偿之责。本文对由该案反映出的其他问题亦做了进一步思考。第一,离婚案件中的家庭暴力现状问题。我国婚姻法虽将家庭暴力纳入规制范围,但家暴现象仍屡禁不绝,且绝大多数受害人为女性。第二,离婚案件中家庭暴力的“举证难问题。现行的家暴案件举证规那么使受害人举证陷入困境,应当建立专门的家暴证据规那么,即举证责任倒置原那么。同时,建议通过纠正社会对家暴性质的误解,提高受害人、证人以及有关社会组织和公安机关对家暴的重视。第三,审理家庭暴力案件中的法官态度。目前法官倾向认为因家庭琐事引发的非严重性家庭暴力是一种较为普遍的、可容忍的生活现象,这种态度不利于家暴的减少和消除,应当予以纠正。【英文摘要】Domestic violence is one of the main factors of family disruption, not only the direct victims of violence will be maked by physical and mental injury, other family members living together will be also adversely affected, especially children. Child growing up in the environment of domestic violence can not have complete happy family, the violence will leave a psychological shadow and hidden trouble for their adult life. At the same time, the family is the basic unit of society, Factors leading to family disharmony will become the main factors of social instability. Therefore, the study of domestic violence cases involved a series of legal problems has very important practical significance to family and society. In the current legislation, domestic violence cases are bound by the general rule of evidence presentation, i.e., who advocates, who proof.But the domestic violence is differrent from the general tort cases,its special characteristics make the victim often faced with the difficult situation of evidence,she can not prove the existence of domestic violence. While,the client who is able to demonstrate the existence of violence is in difficult in obtaining satisfactory compensation,because of the stringent requirements of the elements of divorce damages system. The trial of cases of domestic violence usually want to solve these problems, but these laws are still imperfect. So carrying on the analysis are of great significance both in legislation and legal theories.In this paper,take Qiu Mei v. Fang Lin divorce case as an example, i will expatiate the following two issues arising from disputes and differences of opinion in detail: One is the interaction between legal principle of legal divorce and the criteria of the breakdown of marriage, namely the fact that domestic violence can determine whether the couple feeling no longer exists. This paper argues that as long as the emergence of domestic violence, one party insists on divorce, the mediation fails, then divorce judgement will be made. We can judge that the marital affaction no longer exists according to the happendance of domestic violence. The other is the causal relationship in divorce damage compensation elements, i.e., domestic violence has led to divorce and the defendant should be held responsible for damages.This paper argues that as long as the victim of domestic violence insists divorce, domestic violence has been reached the degree of feeling broken, constitute the reason for divorce. In this case,the defendantact of violence led to the divorce ,and he shall be responsible for damages in divorce.This article reflects on other issues from the case also made a further consideration. First, the situation of divorce cases involving domestic violence. Although the Marriage law of our country include the Domestic violence in the scope of regulation,violence phenomenon is not vanished despite repeated prohibition, and the vast majority of victims are female. Second, divorce cases of Domestic violence in the difficult problem of burden of proof. The current provision on evidence principle makes victim in trouble,we should establish a specialized domestic violence rules of evidence, i.e., the inversion of provision on evidence principle. At the same time, we suggest correcting the general publicmisconception of the nature of domestic violence to arousing the consciousness of victims, witnesses, relevant social organizations and public security organs.Third, the judges attitude in cases of domestic violence. The judge is inclined to think the domestic violence caused by family affairs is a common, a tolerable social phenomenon, this attitude is not conducive to the reduction and elimination of violence, which should be corrected.【关键词】感情破裂 家庭暴力 离婚损害赔偿 因果关系【英文关键词】The breakdown of the feelings Domestic violence Divorce damage compensation Causal relation【目录】因家庭暴力导致的离婚诉讼审判研究摘要6-8Abstract8-9一、案由11二、案情11-14一 当事人11二 诉讼请求11三 原告诉称与被告辩称的内容11-12四 法庭认定的案件事实12五 判决理由和判决内容12-14三、案件焦点14四、争议与分歧意见14-19一 焦点问题“判决离婚的法律原那么与认定夫妻感情破裂的法定条件的关系的争议和分歧意见14-171、观点一：以“四看为标准认定感情是否破裂15-162、观点二：只要实施家庭暴力，一方坚决要求离婚，就可以判决离婚16-17二 焦点问题“离婚损害赔偿构成要件中的因果关系的争议和分歧意见17-191、观点一：家庭暴力并非导致离婚的根本原因17-182、观点二：家庭暴力构成导致离婚的根本原因18-19五、研究结论19-23一 焦点问题“判决离婚的法律原那么与认定夫妻感情破裂的法定条件的关系的结论19-21二 焦点问题“离婚损害赔偿构成要件中的因果关系的结论21-23六、对离婚案件中家庭暴力问题的思考23-29一 离婚案件中的家庭暴力现状23-24二 离婚案件中家庭暴力的举证难问题24-27三 审理家庭暴力案件中的法官态度27-29致谢29-30参考文献30-31