(精品)Book3 Unit1情态动词.ppt

Book3 Unit11.淹没，淹死淹没，淹死vt.&vi2.悲哀，悲伤悲哀，悲伤n.3.编织编织vt.&vi.4.饿死饿死vi.&vt.5.牧群，兽群牧群，兽群n.6.原谅原谅vt.7.哭泣，流泪哭泣，流泪vt.8.道歉，辩白道歉，辩白vi.9.明显的明显的adj.10.提醒，使想起提醒，使想起vt.Revision 1.drown2.sadness3.weave4.starve5.herd6.forgive7.weep8.apologize9.obvious10.remind11.出现，到场出现，到场12.守信用，履行诺言守信用，履行诺言13.屏息，屏气屏息，屏气14.出发，动身出发，动身15.纪念，缅怀纪念，缅怀16.发生发生17.搞恶作剧搞恶作剧18.期望期望19.日夜，整天日夜，整天20.玩得开心玩得开心11.turn up12.keep ones word13.hold ones breath14.set off15.in memory of16.take place 17.play a trick on18.look forward to19.day and night20.have fun withModal Verb I Unit 11.HemusthavegonetoBeijing.2.Thedoorwaslocked.Shecouldnthavebeenathome.3.Theymaybestillwaitingforus.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.Payattentiontothemood.他一定已经去北京了。他一定已经去北京了。门是锁着的，门是锁着的，所以她不可能在家。所以她不可能在家。他们可能还在等我们呢。他们可能还在等我们呢。4.Hemighthavereadaboutthenewsinthenewspaper.5.Youshouldhavetoldhimaweekago.6.Canyougivemesomesuggestions?7.Theywantedtoknowwhenyouwouldgotothepark.他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。你本来应该在一周前告诉他的。你本来应该在一周前告诉他的。你能给我一些建议吗？你能给我一些建议吗？他们想知道你们什么时候去公园。他们想知道你们什么时候去公园。情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。表示表示“需要、可以、必须、应当需要、可以、必须、应当”等。等。什么是情态动词？什么是情态动词？(Modal Verbs)(Modal Verbs)Words like can,will,may,must,and afew others are called modals.Modal verbs help other verbs express a meaning or an idea.Some common uses of the modals are these:Ability:1 He can speak English now.2 He couldnt speak English a year ago.3 Im not able to come to the game on Friday.Permission:All passengers may now board.We can board now.Obligation:You must fasten your seat belts.(strong)You should pay attention.(weak)You ought to pay attention.Possibility:1 It may rain.2 How could I forget an important thing like that?3 He cant/couldnt have known the result.Meanings similar to those of the modals can often be conveyed by real verb forms:He has to.=must is able tospeak English=can is allowed to.=may is supposed to=should 情态情态动词的语法特动词的语法特征征1.情态动词情态动词不能单独做谓语，除不能单独做谓语，除ought和和have外，后面只能接不带外，后面只能接不带to的不定式。的不定式。2.情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有些情态动词，如些情态动词，如can,will也有一般式也有一般式和过去式的变化。和过去式的变化。只作情态动词的只作情态动词的can/could,may/might,oughtto,must可情态可实义的可情态可实义的need,dare/dared可情态可助动词的可情态可助动词的shall/should,will/would相当于情态动词的相当于情态动词的haveto,usedto3.情态动词的情态动词的“时态时态”形式并不是时间形式并不是时间区别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动区别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。1)can的主要用法是：的主要用法是：A._：eg.Thegirlcandanceverywell.B._：eg.Canthenewsbetrue?can 和和could：表示能力表示能力表示推测可能性表示推测可能性（多用于疑问否定句中）（多用于疑问否定句中）其他用法：命令，惊讶，不相信等。其他用法：命令，惊讶，不相信等。Ifyouwontkeepquiet,youcangetout!Youcantbeserious!C._:eg.CanIsithere?表请求或允许表请求或允许2)could的主要用法是：的主要用法是：A._:eg.Weallknewthattheyoungmancouldntbeadoctor.我三岁就能看书了。我三岁就能看书了。FathersaidIcouldgooutwithmyfriends.could 是是can的过去式的过去式,表示表示过去的能力过去的能力,许可和推测许可和推测Whatsfordinner?Icouldeatahorse.Mywifeisinhospital.Ourbabycouldarriveatanytime.B.could可代替可代替can表示请求表示请求,语气委婉语气委婉eg.Couldyoulendmeyourbike?CouldIuseyourbike?-Yes,youcanC 表示现在的可能与能力，可能性要小表示现在的可能与能力，可能性要小D 表轻微的责备表轻微的责备Youcouldbemorecareful.5)eg.Theycant/couldnthavegoneoutbecausethelightisstillon.cant/couldnthavedone过否猜过否猜mustdo/be现肯猜现肯猜cantdo/be现否猜现否猜musthavedone过肯猜过肯猜must表示推测，语气非常肯定，表示推测，语气非常肯定，近乎确定的意味，一般用在肯定句。近乎确定的意味，一般用在肯定句。如：如：Itmustbeelevenoclocknow.Hemustgocrazy.IfMarydidntleavehereuntilfiveoclock,shecantbehomeyet.如果玛丽五点才离开这儿，他此时一如果玛丽五点才离开这儿，他此时一定还未到家。定还未到家。may 和和might：may常用来表示：常用来表示：A._eg.MayIcomein?Yes,please.B._表示请求、允许表示请求、允许;比比can正式正式:eg.-IbelievethemanisfromEngland.-ButImaybewrong.Theguestmayarrivethisafternoon表示猜测表示猜测答语避免使用答语避免使用may，以免显得，以免显得太严肃或太不客气太严肃或太不客气Theroadmaybeblocked.这条路可能不通了。这条路可能不通了。Theroadcanbeblocked.这条路可能会是不通的。这条路可能会是不通的。在疑问句中，表示可能性用在疑问句中，表示可能性用can。如：如：Wherecanhebe?他会在哪呢？他会在哪呢？可能性从大到小可能性从大到小:must.cancouldmaymightC._eg.Mayyousucceed!Mayyouhaveagoodjourney!表示祝愿表示祝愿;语气较正式语气较正式:多在间接引语中表示多在间接引语中表示过去的可能和允许过去的可能和允许。也可以表示现在的可能性，但是比也可以表示现在的可能性，但是比may表示的可能性更小，且表示的可能性更小，且might可以用于虚拟可以用于虚拟语气，语气，may不可以。不可以。might的用法有的用法有:Shesaidthathemighttakeherbike.她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。Youmightgetsomehelpfromherifshewerehere.will和和would：1.Iwilltellyousomethingimportant.我将要告诉你一些重要的事我将要告诉你一些重要的事WillyoutellherthatImhere?请您告诉她说我在这儿，好吗请您告诉她说我在这儿，好吗?Itoldhimnottodoit,buthewould.（助动词）（助动词）（情态动词）（情态动词）will是助动词或是情态动词是助动词或是情态动词用于构成将来时是助动词。用于构成将来时是助动词。用于表用于表“意志意志/决心决心/请求请求”是情态动是情态动词。词。would亦同理，只是表过去。亦同理，只是表过去。2._Ifyouwanthelp,letmeknow,willyou?如果你需要帮助如果你需要帮助,让我知道让我知道,好吗好吗?Wouldyoutypethis,please?请打印这个，好吗？请打印这个，好吗？Wontyousitdown?请坐下，好吗？请坐下，好吗？疑问句中用于第二人称，提出请求疑问句中用于第二人称，提出请求表委婉不是表过去表委婉不是表过去3._Wouldyouhelpus,please?请您帮助我们，好吗？请您帮助我们，好吗？Idgotherewithyou.我要和你一块到那儿去。我要和你一块到那儿去。Teacherwouldntallowit.老师不会允许这件事。老师不会允许这件事。（表请求）（表请求）would比比will客气委婉。客气委婉。（表意愿）（表意愿）（表许可）（表许可）shall和和should：1.PerhapsIshallpayavisittoEnglandthiswinter.可能今年冬天我会去英国观光。可能今年冬天我会去英国观光。（构成一般将来时（构成一般将来时,助动词）助动词）shall用于构成将来时是助动词。用于构成将来时是助动词。Shallwegobytrain,Mom?妈妈，我们乘火车去好吗？妈妈，我们乘火车去好吗？Shallhecomein?要他进来吗？要他进来吗？2.用于征求意见用于征求意见,是情态动词是情态动词,一一般用于第一人称和第三人称般用于第一人称和第三人称Dontworry,youshallgetthebook.Nothingshallstopus.Youshallgetwhatyoudeserve.Heshallbepunishedifhebreakstherule.Nooneshallsmokehere.3.用于表允诺，决心，警告，命令用于表允诺，决心，警告，命令,或颁布法令规定等。用于二三人称。或颁布法令规定等。用于二三人称。4.eg:Youshouldkeepyourpromise.你应该遵守诺言。你应该遵守诺言。Youshouldcallthepolice.*表示表示“按理说按理说”。Its8oclocknow,heshouldbehereatanymoment.*表埋怨，用于表埋怨，用于“Shouldnt?”Shouldntyoubedoingyourhomeworknow?should表示义务表示义务/建议建议/劝告，意为劝告，意为“应该应该”。must的主要用法：的主要用法：1._eg:Wemustalldie.人总要死的。人总要死的。2._eg:Youmustgetupearly.你必须早起来。你必须早起来。表示必然性。表示必然性。表示强制表示强制/义务。义务。如：如：Wemustntwasteourtime.-MayItakethismagazineout?-No,youmustnt.注意注意:mustnot:“禁止禁止”。must用于一般疑问句的时候，用于一般疑问句的时候，肯定回答用肯定回答用yes,please或者或者Imafraidso,其否定回答用其否定回答用neednt或者或者donthaveto表示推测，意为表示推测，意为“一定是一定是”。must+v对现在的推测对现在的推测must+have+过去分词过去分词对过去的推测对过去的推测must+be+v-ing对将来或现在进行时的推测对将来或现在进行时的推测表示表示“偏偏偏偏”，表达对某事的不满或责备等情，表达对某事的不满或责备等情绪。绪。WhymustitrainonSunday?1.-_Igoouttoplay,mum?2.-No,you_.Youshoulddoyour3.homeworkfirst.4.A.Might;wouldnt5.B.May;hadbetternot6.C.Must;mustnt7.D.Need;mustntExercise2.-WhereisEmma?-Icantsayforsurewheresheis,butshe_beoutshopping.A.canB.shouldC.mustD.may3.Theroomisinaterriblemess;it_cleaned.A.canthavebeenB.couldntbeC.mayhavebeenD.wouldbe4.There_beanydifficultyaboutpassingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepractisedalotinthedrivingschool.A.mustntB.shantC.shouldntD.neednt1Childrenunder12yearsofageinthatcountry_beunderadultsupervisionwheninapubliclibrary.(2007上海）上海）A.mustB.mayC.canD.need2Whatsthename？Khulaifi._Ispellthatforyou？（？（2008北京）北京）A.MightB.WouldC.CanD.Shall3 Someaspectsofapilotsjob_beboring,andpilotsoften_workatinconvenienthours.（2006湖南）湖南）A.can；havetoB.may；canC.haveto;mayD.oughtto;must4Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.I_thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.(2006江西）江西）AshouldhavetakenBcouldhavetakenCneednthavetakenDmustnthavetaken5HowsyourtouraroundtheNorthLake?Isitbeautiful?It_be,butitisnowheavilypolluted.（2007全国全国I）A.willB.wouldC.shouldD.must6 Itoldyourfriendhowtogettothehotel,butperhapsIhavedrivenherthere.（2009陕西）陕西）A.couldB.mustC.nightD.should根据汉语完成句子。根据汉语完成句子。1.A:_(我可以跟朋友我可以跟朋友2.去去)totheharvestfestival?B:Yes,youmay.2.A:IfIwanttobeadoctor,_3._(我应该学理科吗我应该学理科吗)?B:Ithinkso.MayIgowithfriendsshouldIstudyscience3.Idontknowwheresheis,she_(可能在武汉可能在武汉).4.Atthismoment,ourteacher_(想必在批改想必在批改)ourexampapers.5.Theroadiswet.It_(肯定下雨了肯定下雨了)lastnight.6.Yourmother_(一定一直在找你一定一直在找你).maymustbemarkingmusthaverainedmusthavebeenlookingbeinWuhanforyou7.Philip_(可能在车可能在车祸中受了重伤祸中受了重伤).8.-Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstillhere.-She_(可能上班可能上班)bybus.9.Mike_(一定还没有找回一定还没有找回)hiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.may(might)havebeenhurtmay(might)havegonecanthavefoundseriouslyinthecaraccidentDiscoveringusefulstructures1.Mostancientfestivalswouldcelebratetheendofcoldweather.2.Sometimescelebrationswould beheldafterhuntershadcaughtanimals3.Atthattimepeoplewould starveiffoodwasdifficulttofind.4.ortosatisfytheancestors,whomight returneithertohelportodoharm.5.FortheJapanesefestivalObon,peopleshouldgotocleangraves.Answerkeyforexercise exercise exercise exercise 1 on page 51 on page 51 on page 51 on page 5 6.Itisnowachildrensfestival,whentheycan dressupandgo.7.thechildrenmight playatrickonthem.8.Festivalscan alsobeheldtohonourfamouspeople9.HarvestandThanksgivingfestivalscan beveryhappyevents.10.InEuropeancountries,peoplewill usuallydecoratechurchesandtownhalls11.Somepeoplemightwinawardsfortheirfarmproduce.12.AttheSpringFestivalinchina,peoplemay givechildrenluckymoneyinredpaper13.Thesecarnivalsmightincludeparades,dancinginthestreets.14.Thecountrylooksasthoughitmightbecoveredwithpinksnow.1.1.ability,ability,permission,ability,ability,permission,possibility,possibility,requestrequest 2.2.permissionorrequest,permissionorrequest,possibilitypossibility3.3.promiseorprediction,promiseorprediction,pasthabit,pasthabit,requestrequest4.4.promise,promise,advicepredictionadviceprediction5.5.adviceornecessity,adviceornecessity,guessing,guessing,guessingguessingAnswerkeyforexercise 2exercise 2exercise 2exercise 2 on page 5 on page 5 on page 5 on page 5Sampledialogue1:A:Hi,Thomas!WouldyouliketocometoapartyonSunday?B:Yes,Idloveto!Whereandwhenwillitbe?A:Itllbeatmyhomeatthreeoclockintheafternoon.B:Thanks!Illbethere!ShouldIbringanything?A:HmmCouldyoubringsomethingtodrink?Illhaveplentytoeat.B:sure!Idbehappyto!Answerkeyforexercise 3exercise 3exercise 3exercise 3 on page 5 on page 5 on page 5 on page 5Sampledialogue2:A:Excuseme,MrJohnson!MayIaskyouafewquestions?B:Yes,ofcourse!A:Well,ifIwanttobeadoctorinthefuture,whatshouldIstudy?B:Youmuststudyscience,ofcourse!Itmightalsobeusefultostudyaskillthatusesyourhandsalot!A:Thankyouverymuch!B:Youaremostwelcome!Ifyouhaveanyotherquestions,pleasedontbeafraidtoask!Sampledialogue3:A:Mom,myfriendsaregoingtothecinemainanhour.MayIgowiththem?B:Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?A:Ivefinishedeverythingexceptmaths.MustIfinishitnow?Icaneasilyfinishitthisevening.B:Youcantbeserious!Youknowyoumustfinishallyourhomeworkbeforeyoucangoout!