(精品)科英写作(05).ppt

Scientific English WritingSection V P.76 I-2,6 2.This equipment,it is said,was commercially 2.This equipment,it is said,was commercially available three years ago.available three years ago.6.A resistor of 6.A resistor of saysay 100 ohms should be used here.100 ohms should be used here.II-4,9,104.Neither of the two conditions is satisfied4.Neither of the two conditions is satisfied .9.All the computers in our laboratory are not very 9.All the computers in our laboratory are not very good in qualitygood in quality .10.The students are familiar with none of these 10.The students are familiar with none of these parametersparameters .IV-3,5,8,113.Macros have far fewer uses in C+3.Macros have far fewer uses in C+.5.5.The greaterThe greater the resistance,the resistance,the longer timethe longer time it takes it takes for the capacitor to reach its maximum voltage.for the capacitor to reach its maximum voltage.(,the longer time is required for the capacitor to (,the longer time is required for the capacitor to reach its maximum voltage.)reach its maximum voltage.).8.Of all the instruments in this laboratory,this one 8.Of all the instruments in this laboratory,this one is the lowest in price,this one is the cheapestis the lowest in price,this one is the cheapest .11.The current 11.The current as small asas small as 0.1 A is too small to 0.1 A is too small to produce enough heatproduce enough heat .SECTION I.The infinitive 1.“It”as the subject It is possible to It is necessary to It is a simple matter to It will do you good to It makes sense to It suffices to It remains to It is desired to It is left to sb.toIt remains only for the applications and products to be designed to take advantage of this communications technology.只要做一个简单的实验就够了。只要做一个简单的实验就够了。如果想要求出这个电阻上的电压，我们必须首先知如果想要求出这个电阻上的电压，我们必须首先知道流过它的电流。道流过它的电流。If it is desired to find out the voltage across this resistor,we must first know the current flowing through it.证明这个公式成立这一点就留作为读者的一个习证明这个公式成立这一点就留作为读者的一个习证明这个公式成立这一点就留作为读者的一个习证明这个公式成立这一点就留作为读者的一个习题。题。题。题。It is left as a problem to the reader to show that this It is left as a problem to the reader to show that this formula holds.formula holds.解这个方程花了我们两个多小时。解这个方程花了我们两个多小时。解这个方程花了我们两个多小时。解这个方程花了我们两个多小时。It took us more than two hours to solve this It took us more than two hours to solve this equation.equation.做这些练习对你们是有好处的。做这些练习对你们是有好处的。做这些练习对你们是有好处的。做这些练习对你们是有好处的。2.As an attributiveR是所要测定的电阻。是所要测定的电阻。R is the resistance to be measured.有许多问题要我们考虑。有许多问题要我们考虑。There are many problems for us to consider.这里有许多种类型的万用表供你选用。这里有许多种类型的万用表供你选用。Here are many types of multi-meters for you to choose from.3.Complex infinitive for+n.or pron.+to do我们必须详细地研究这种材料的性质。我们必须详细地研究这种材料的性质。It is necessary for us to study the properties of this material in detail.阳光到达地球需要大约八分钟的时间阳光到达地球需要大约八分钟的时间 It takes about eight minutes for sunlight to reach the earth.一个电路只包含电阻是罕见的。一个电路只包含电阻是罕见的。It is rare for a circuit to contain only resistance.为了使为了使(能能)For to do 为了使该计算机能够正常工作，外加电压为了使该计算机能够正常工作，外加电压必须合适。必须合适。For the computer to work/operate/function normally,the applied voltage must be proper/appropriate.A number of basic problems must be overcome for a nuclear reactor to operate properly.So called interrogative words +infinitive4.Nominal infinitive what what when when which which where where whom whom whether whether how how This book attempts to present not only the major This book attempts to present not only the major technical solutions for controlling Internet security,technical solutions for controlling Internet security,but also the necessary business and managerial but also the necessary business and managerial perspectives on why,when,and how to implement perspectives on why,when,and how to implement these controls.these controls.如何测定原子的重量和体积是我们很多人感兴如何测定原子的重量和体积是我们很多人感兴趣的一个问题。趣的一个问题。How to determine the weight and size of an atom is a question interesting to many of us.必须作出决定到底选用那一项。必须作出决定到底选用那一项。The decision on which term to choose must be made.读者可能不知道该首先做这些运算中的那一个。读者可能不知道该首先做这些运算中的那一个。The reader may have no idea which of these operations to do first.我们得求出使我们得求出使x为多大才能使这个等式成立。为多大才能使这个等式成立。We have to find out how large to make x for this equation to hold.II.Participle1.As an attribute 铜是广泛使用的导体。铜是广泛使用的导体。Copper is a widely used conductor.A capacitor is a device consisting of two conductors separated by a non-conductor.Yellow added to blue produces white light.A lamp connected across a dry cell is an example of a simple electric circuit.2.As an adverbial condition,time,reason,additional description 若已知电流和电阻，我们就能求出电压来。若已知电流和电阻，我们就能求出电压来。Given current and resistance,we can find out voltage.由于铜是一种良导体，所以被广泛地用在电气工由于铜是一种良导体，所以被广泛地用在电气工程中。程中。Being a good conductor of electricity,copper is widely used in electrical engineering.Recognizing the importance of the ozone layer to life on the earth,these industrial nations committed to take some effective measures.Silver is the best conductor,followed by copper.III.with-Construction 让我们以原点为圆心，做一个半径为让我们以原点为圆心，做一个半径为r的半圆。的半圆。Let us draw a semi-circle of radius r,with the origin as its center.应在应在Ep接地的情况下测量这个电流增益。接地的情况下测量这个电流增益。This current should be measured with Ep grounded.FunctionsFunctions :time,condition,reason,further:time,condition,reason,further statement,resultstatement,result 由于存在摩擦，一部分功率作为热而损失掉了由于存在摩擦，一部分功率作为热而损失掉了。With friction present,a part of power has been lost as heat.在设计因特网时，并没有考虑安全问题。在设计因特网时，并没有考虑安全问题。The Internet was designed without security problems in mind.在设计在设计在设计在设计RCRC电路时，只考虑一两种用途。电路时，只考虑一两种用途。电路时，只考虑一两种用途。电路时，只考虑一两种用途。E/CE/C Without the temperature or pressure changed,Without the temperature or pressure changed,matter can never change from one state into matter can never change from one state into another.another.Each planet revolves around the sun in as Each planet revolves around the sun in as elliptical orbit,with the sun at one focus of the elliptical orbit,with the sun at one focus of the ellipse.ellipse.C/E C/E本书既讲了实际本书既讲了实际本书既讲了实际本书既讲了实际 的设计方法，同时也讲述了理论的设计方法，同时也讲述了理论的设计方法，同时也讲述了理论的设计方法，同时也讲述了理论问题，重点放在一般概念上。问题，重点放在一般概念上。问题，重点放在一般概念上。问题，重点放在一般概念上。Both practical design techniques and theoretical Both practical design techniques and theoretical problems are covered problems are covered with emphasis on general with emphasis on general conceptsconcepts.变压器是由绕在铁芯上的两个或多个线圈构成的变压器是由绕在铁芯上的两个或多个线圈构成的变压器是由绕在铁芯上的两个或多个线圈构成的变压器是由绕在铁芯上的两个或多个线圈构成的一种装置。一种装置。一种装置。一种装置。A transformer is a device consisting of two or A transformer is a device consisting of two or more coils wound on the iron core.more coils wound on the iron core.这本书如果使用得当，对读者是很有帮助的。这本书如果使用得当，对读者是很有帮助的。这本书如果使用得当，对读者是很有帮助的。这本书如果使用得当，对读者是很有帮助的。This book,properly used,is of great help to the This book,properly used,is of great help to the reader.reader.若已知时间和速度，我们就能求出距离来。若已知时间和速度，我们就能求出距离来。若已知时间和速度，我们就能求出距离来。若已知时间和速度，我们就能求出距离来。Given time and speed,we can find out distanceGiven time and speed,we can find out distance在设计这些集成电路时只考虑一两种用途。在设计这些集成电路时只考虑一两种用途。在设计这些集成电路时只考虑一两种用途。在设计这些集成电路时只考虑一两种用途。These integrated circuits were designed with only These integrated circuits were designed with only one or two uses in mind.one or two uses in mind.圆心在原点，半径为圆心在原点，半径为圆心在原点，半径为圆心在原点，半径为a a的圆的方程为的圆的方程为的圆的方程为的圆的方程为x x2 2y y2 2=a=a2 2The equation to the circle with the center at the The equation to the circle with the center at the origin and of radius origin and of radius a a is x is x2 2y y2 2=a=a2 2.IV.The gerund 1.The simple gerund (1)After some verbs used as objects suggest mind cant help imagine finish enjoy resist keep complete require postpone risk avoid excuse delay miss consider forgive put off advise involve deny admit practice escape appreciate(2)the translation of three expressions by ing through on(upon)ing as soon as soon after in ing during the time when in the course of in the aspect of 通过分析该设备的性能，我们能更好地了解它。通过分析该设备的性能，我们能更好地了解它。By analyzing the performance of the device,one can appreciate it better.物质一经挤压其体积就会缩小。物质一经挤压其体积就会缩小。我们可以通过用丝绸摩擦我们可以通过用丝绸摩擦我们可以通过用丝绸摩擦我们可以通过用丝绸摩擦(rub)(rub)玻璃棒玻璃棒玻璃棒玻璃棒(glass rod)(glass rod)得到相同的得到相同的得到相同的得到相同的结果。结果。结果。结果。We get the same results by rubbing a glass rod We get the same results by rubbing a glass rod with silk.with silk.在使用上面的等式时，必须注意符号。在使用上面的等式时，必须注意符号。在使用上面的等式时，必须注意符号。在使用上面的等式时，必须注意符号。In using the equation above,attention must be In using the equation above,attention must be paid to the sign.paid to the sign.一旦把这些数值代入该方程后，人们发现无线电波的速度与一旦把这些数值代入该方程后，人们发现无线电波的速度与一旦把这些数值代入该方程后，人们发现无线电波的速度与一旦把这些数值代入该方程后，人们发现无线电波的速度与光速一样大。光速一样大。光速一样大。光速一样大。Upon substituting these values into the equation,Upon substituting these values into the equation,it was found that the velocity of radio waves is as it was found that the velocity of radio waves is as great as that of light.great as that of light.Assignment P84 I.7,19,20 P93 I.8,14,20 II.7,8 III.2,3