高考英语写作技巧(63张PPT).ppt

高考英语写作技巧高考英语写作技巧NMET书面表达评分原则书面表达评分原则1、先根据文章的内容和语言初步、先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定确定档次档次。第五档：第五档：20252025分分第四档：第四档：15201520分分第三档：第三档：10151015分分第二档：第二档：5 105 10分分第一档：第一档：0 50 5分分语言地道，语言地道，规范规范覆盖所有内容覆盖所有内容要点要点2、主要内容：、主要内容：内容要点；内容要点；词汇和语法的数量和准确性；词汇和语法的数量和准确性；上下文的连贯；上下文的连贯；语言的得体性语言的得体性应用了较多的应用了较多的语法结构和词语法结构和词汇汇有效地使有效地使用了语句用了语句间的连接间的连接成分成分3、拼写和标点拼写和标点是语言是语言准确性的一个方面，准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考际的影响程度予以考虑。虑。4、词数、词数少于少于100和和多于多于140的，从总分中减去的，从总分中减去2分。分。5、如、如书写较差书写较差，以至影，以至影响交际，将分数降低一响交际，将分数降低一个档次。个档次。Which composition feels more attractive,why?书面表达如何写？书面表达如何写？五个步骤1、审题、审题文字信息文字信息图画信息图画信息题材、人称、时态、要点题材、人称、时态、要点2、以词及点：用一两个单词或短语写出每句、以词及点：用一两个单词或短语写出每句话的细节要点。话的细节要点。3、联词成句：用联词成句的方法将上述要点、联词成句：用联词成句的方法将上述要点的词语扩展成句子。的词语扩展成句子。4联句成文：联句成文：注意：注意：主语和谓语主语和谓语背景（适当增加时间、地点条件等）背景（适当增加时间、地点条件等）逻辑关系逻辑关系开头与结尾开头与结尾语篇衔接语篇衔接5、检查修改，规范抄写、检查修改，规范抄写给阅卷人以好的第一直观印象给阅卷人以好的第一直观印象整整体体三三部部分分1.Heading点题；一两个句子；概括性；暗示性2.Body中心记述部分；层次分明3.Ending小结；呼应主题技技巧巧1.使用较高级的词汇使用较高级的词汇3.使用恰当的连接词使用恰当的连接词词汇反映你知识贮存量的词汇反映你知识贮存量的多少，也是衡量英语水平多少，也是衡量英语水平的一个重要标志。的一个重要标志。运用得当的句子结构可以运用得当的句子结构可以给文章增色不少，从而使给文章增色不少，从而使整篇文章因此而生辉整篇文章因此而生辉 。使用恰当连接词，对写一使用恰当连接词，对写一篇有篇有“英语味英语味”的文章很的文章很重要，能使文章上下衔接重要，能使文章上下衔接自然、紧凑。自然、紧凑。增强书面表达效果的技巧增强书面表达效果的技巧增强书面表达效果的技巧增强书面表达效果的技巧2.使用较丰富的句式使用较丰富的句式1.Becausetheweatherwasgood,ourjourneywascomfortable.2.Weallthinkheisagreatman.3.SuddenlyIthoughtoutagoodidea.4.Thestudentsthereneedntpayfortheirbooks.5.Asaresulttheplanwasafailure.The plan turned out to be a failure.Thanks to the good weather,ourjourneywascomfortable.一、怎样使用较高级的词汇一、怎样使用较高级的词汇Weallthink highly of him.A good idea occurred to me./A good idea suddenly struck me.Books are free for the students there.6.Whensheheardhehaddied,shewentpalewithsorrow.7.ShewenttoAustriainordertostudymusic.8.Whenhespoke,hefeltmoreandmoreexcited.9.Inourschool,therearetwenty-sixclassrooms.10.Youcanfindmyhouseeasily.ShewenttoAustria for the purpose of studying music.At the news of his death,shewentpalewithsorrow.The more he spoke,the more excited he felt.Our school is made up of twentysix classrooms.Youll have no trouble finding my house.1.感叹句感叹句HowhappyIwaswhenIreceivedyourletter!Whatakindboyheis!2.强调句强调句Itwasthisyoungboythathelpedtheoldgranny.Idohopeyoucancomeifpossible.二、使用丰富的句式：二、使用丰富的句式：利用不同的句型来表达同一个意思,能增加文章的文采。3、倒装句倒装句Onlyinthiswaycanyousolvethisproblem.There comesthepolicecar.Hardlyhadtheygottothestationwhen theymettheyoungman.4、省略句省略句Theyreadwhilewalkingorridingonabus.Cometomeifnecessary.5、with短语短语Isawayoungladywalkingslowlyinthestreetwithahandbaginherhand.6、定语从句定语从句Inmyopinion,cybercafesshouldbeaplacewherewecanfindmuchusefulinformation.Letscometothemainteachingbuilding,atthebackofwhichstandstheschoollibrary.7、各种名词性从句各种名词性从句ThatswhatIshoulddo.Weshoulddoafavortowhoeverneedshelpatpresent.8、各种状语从句各种状语从句Timepassedquicklybeforeweknewit.Themomentwereachedthefarm,wegotdowntoharvesting.Solongasweworkharderatourlessons,wellcatchupsoonerorlater.DocallmebeforehandsothatIcanmeetyouattheairport.Theyhadtowaitbecausetherainwasgettingmoreandmoreheavily.PracticePractice1.1.改变时态改变时态The bell is ringing now.(一般一般)2.2.改变语态改变语态 People suggest that the conference be put off.(一般一般)There goes the bell.(There goes the bell.(高级高级)It is suggested that the conference be put off.It is suggested that the conference be put off.(高级高级)3.3.使用不定式使用不定式4.4.使用过去分词使用过去分词He is so kind that he can help me.(一般一般)He is so kind to help me.He is so kind to help me.(高级高级)She walked out of the room and many students followed her.(一般一般)Followed by many students,she.Followed by many students,she.(高级高级)Once it is seen,it can never be forgotten.(一般一般)Once seen,it can .Once seen,it can .(高级高级)5.5.使用使用v-ingv-ing形式形式When he arrives please give me an e-mail.(一一般般)If the weather permits,Ill come tomorrow.(一一般般)On his arriving/arrival,please give.On his arriving/arrival,please give.(高级高级)Weather permitting,Ill come tomorrow.Weather permitting,Ill come tomorrow.(高级高级)Now our school has three teachers.They teach 48 pupils.(一般一般)Now our School has three teachers,teaching 48 Now our School has three teachers,teaching 48 pupils.pupils.(高级高级)It disappointed everybody that he didnt turn up.(一般一般)I happened to have met him.(一般一般)6.6.使用名词性从句使用名词性从句 The fact that he didnt turn up disappointed The fact that he didnt turn up disappointed everybody.everybody.(高级高级)It happened that I had met him.It happened that I had met him.(高级高级)To his surprise,the little girl knows so many things.(一般一般)What surprised him is that the girl.What surprised him is that the girl.(高级高级)7.7.使用状语从句使用状语从句I wont believe what he says.(一般一般)If you come back before six oclock,you can go out.(一般一般)The meal was very nice.We all enjoyed it very much.(一般一般)No matter what he says,I wont believe.No matter what he says,I wont believe.(高级高级)You can go out on condition that you come back before.You can go out on condition that you come back before.(高级高级)The meal was so nice that we all.The meal was so nice that we all.(高级高级)8.8.使用定语从句使用定语从句The girl is spoken highly of.Her composition was well written.(一般一般)The girl whose composition was well written was The girl whose composition was well written was spoken highly of.spoken highly of.(高级高级)I studied Chinese,maths,English,physics,chemistry and computer at school.(一般一般)The subjects I studied at school included Chinese,The subjects I studied at school included Chinese,maths,English.maths,English.(高级高级)9.9.使用虚拟语气使用虚拟语气The ship didnt sink because there were the efforts of the captain.(一一般般)I wasnt invited to the party,so I didnt attend it.(一般一般)If I had been invited to the party,I would have If I had been invited to the party,I would have attended it.attended it.(高级高级)But for the efforts of the captain,the ship would But for the efforts of the captain,the ship would have sunk.have sunk.(高级高级)10.10.使用强调句、倒装句、感叹句使用强调句、倒装句、感叹句Regular radio broadcasts began in 1920.(一般一般)It was not until 1920 that regular radio.It was not until 1920 that regular radio.(高级高级)Weak as I am,Ill make the effort.Weak as I am,Ill make the effort.(高级高级)Though Im weak,I will make the effort.(一般一般)How glad we were to see the crops and.!How glad we were to see the crops and.!(高级高级)We were glad to see the crops and vegetables growing very well.(一般一般)11.11.使用并列句使用并列句If you go through the gate,youll find the entrance to Bear Country.(一般一般)Go through the gate,and youll find.Go through the gate,and youll find.(高级高级)I got up late this morning,otherwise I could have I got up late this morning,otherwise I could have caught the early bus.caught the early bus.(高级高级)I got up late this morning.I didnt catch the early bus.(一般一般)The more he spoke,the more excited he felt.The more he spoke,the more excited he felt.(高级高级)When he spoke,he felt more and more excited.(一般一般)三、使用恰当的连接词三、使用恰当的连接词1.表示递进表示递进;在同一话题上补充内容在同一话题上补充内容另外，还有：whatismore;besides;also;moreover;inaddition2.表示转折关系表示转折关系但是，然而，相反：but;however;yet;instead;ontheotherhand;onthecontrary.高考大纲中常用的连接词：高考大纲中常用的连接词：3.表示因果关系表示因果关系因为，因此，所以:since;as;because(of);so;thus;therefore;asaresult;4.表示条件关系表示条件关系如果，只要:if;oncondition(that);aslongas除非:unless否则:or；otherwise5.表示时间关系表示时间关系当的时候:when;while在之后:after在之前:before直到:until一就:assoonas;nosoonerthan;hadlywhen后来，然后:later;afterwards不久:soon近来:lately;recently自从:since从那时起:fromthenon6.表示特定的顺序关系表示特定的顺序关系首先，最主要的:aboveall其次:secondly然后:then;next最后:finally;intheend7.换一种方法表述换一种方法表述换句话说:inotherwords;thatistosay;8.进行举例说明进行举例说明例如，比如:forinstance;forexample;like;suchas9.用于陈述事实用于陈述事实实际上:infact;actually;asamatteroffact跟你说实话:totellyouthetruth;tobehonest10.对一个话题进行总结对一个话题进行总结总而言之，总的来说:onthewhole;inshort;allinall;ingeneral;inaword11.其它常用到的副词其它常用到的副词Therefore;otherwise;finally;furthermore;Thus;namely(也就是);although;afterwards;personally;高考作文类型：高考作文类型：A.A.图表数据说明类文章图表数据说明类文章B.B.提示议论文类文章提示议论文类文章C.C.看图说话类文章看图说话类文章D.D.书信类书信类写作基本步骤：写作基本步骤：1.仔细审题，列举大纲。仔细审题，列举大纲。围绕要点，写出句子。围绕要点，写出句子。添加过度，确保连贯。添加过度，确保连贯。先求正确，再求灵活。先求正确，再求灵活。认真眷写，卷面整洁。认真眷写，卷面整洁。联合国教科文组织某考察团正联合国教科文组织某考察团正在我国某乡村参观考察。假定你是在我国某乡村参观考察。假定你是接待人员接待人员,请根据下列提示以发言请根据下列提示以发言稿的形式简要介绍这个村的情况：稿的形式简要介绍这个村的情况：1)大小：近大小：近100户人家，约户人家，约500口人。口人。2)变化：过去很穷，变化：过去很穷，78年后变年后变化很大。人们生活比以前好多了。化很大。人们生活比以前好多了。现已旧貌换新颜。现已旧貌换新颜。3)教育：原来的学校很小，现教育：原来的学校很小，现已经过改建。新建的教学楼有已经过改建。新建的教学楼有4层，层，是村里最美的建筑物。村所有学龄是村里最美的建筑物。村所有学龄儿童在此免费就读。儿童在此免费就读。注意：注意：1）要点齐全，前后连贯。）要点齐全，前后连贯。2）词数：）词数：100-120之间。之间。Practice书面表达：书面表达：Ladiesandgentlemen,Welcometoourschool.Thisvillageisverysmall.Ithasnearly100familiesandabout500people.Itusedtobeverypoor.Ithaschangedalotsince1978.Peopleherearericherthanbefore.Nowitistakingonanewlook.Theschoolherewasverysmall.Nowithasbeenrebuilt.Thenewlybuiltteachingbuildinghas4storeys.Itisthemostbeautifulbuildinginthevillage.Alltheschool-agechildrencanstudyhere.Theyenjoyfreeeducationinit.Thankyou.Ladiesandgentlemen,Welcometoourschool!Ladiesandgentlemen,Welcometoourschool!Thisvillageisverysmall.Ithasnearly100familiesandabout500people.Itusedtobeverypoor.Ithaschangedalotsince1978.Peopleherearericherthanbefore.Nowitistakingonanewlook.Thisvillageisa small one with/which hasnearly100familiesandabout500people.Itusedtobeverypoor.However,ithaschangedalotsince1978 and has been developing very fast.Peopleherelive a much better lifethanbefore.Nowitistakingonanewlook.Inthepast,theschoolherewasverysmall.Nowithasbeenrebuilt.Thenewlybuiltteachingbuildinghas4storeys.Itisthemostbeautifulbuildinginthevillage.Alltheschool-agechildrencanstudyhere.Theyenjoyfreeeducationinit.Thankyou.Inthepast,theschoolherewasverysmalland most children couldnt afford to go to school.Butnowithasbeenrebuiltand which has 4 storeys is the most beautiful oneinthevillage.Alltheschool-agechildrencanstudyhere.Whats more,theyenjoyfreeeducation.May you enjoy your stay here.thenewlybuiltteachingbuilding/May you have a pleasant time here!Thankyou.Ladiesandgentlemen,Welcometoourschool!Thisvillageisa small one with/which hasnearly100familiesandabout500people.Itusedtobeverypoor.However,ithaschangedalotsince1978and has been developing very fast.Peopleherelive a much better lifethanbefore.Nowitistakingonanewlook.Inthepast,theschoolherewasverysmalland most children couldnt afford to go to school.Butnowithasbeenrebuiltandthenewlybuiltteachingbuildingwhich has 4 storeys is the most beautiful oneinthevillage.Alltheschool-agechildrencanstudyhere.Whats more,theyenjoyfreeeducation.May you enjoy your stay here.Thankyou.现在正是春暖花开的春游时节。你校学生以现在正是春暖花开的春游时节。你校学生以“高三学生要不高三学生要不要参加春游活动要参加春游活动”展开了讨论。请根据以下讨论结果，写一展开了讨论。请根据以下讨论结果，写一篇短文。篇短文。的学生认为的学生认为的学生认为的学生认为应该春游应该春游不应该春游不应该春游接触大自然，呼接触大自然，呼吸新鲜空气，有利健吸新鲜空气，有利健康康高考临近，没有心高考临近，没有心情玩情玩活动是精神放松，活动是精神放松，大脑休息，有利于学大脑休息，有利于学习习春游耽误学习春游耽误学习The outline of the writing:Conclusion paragraph:Introduction paragraph:Point 2BodyPoint 1supporting idea 1supporting idea 2supporting idea 1supporting idea 2主题句的内容要明确具体，语言简洁，主题句的内容要明确具体，语言简洁，开门见山，句式力争多样性开门见山，句式力争多样性How will you start you passage?How will you start you passage?问句：问句：从句：从句：Introduction:（sample）WhetherornotshouldSenior3studentsgospringouting?Wehavehadaheateddiscussion.巧用过渡句，过渡词，理顺文章的逻辑巧用过渡句，过渡词，理顺文章的逻辑关系关系Payspecialattentiontothetransitionsentences:Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.The body partPoint1:65%的人认为应该春游（亮明观的人认为应该春游（亮明观点）点）Sentencepattern:Mostofus(about65%)holdtheopinionthat,sinceittendsto,whichisunfavorabletoMoststudents,about65%,arefortheideathatSenior3studentsshouldgospringouting.Reason1Reason1：接触大自然，呼吸新鲜：接触大自然，呼吸新鲜空气，有利健康空气，有利健康Sentencepattern:Theythinkitgoodtodosth/sthdogoodtosthIntheiropinion,itisofgreatbenefittodosthEg:TheythinkitgoodfortheirhealthtobeclosetonatureandbreathesomefreshairReason 2:活动是精神放松，大脑活动是精神放松，大脑休息，有利于学习休息，有利于学习（注意：两个观点之间的连接）递进递进whatsmore；besides;moreover;inaddition；furthermoreEg:theycanrelaxthemselvesforawhileandresttheirbrainssothattheywillbemoreenergetic.Conclusion:Conclusion:小段总结，进一步小段总结，进一步亮明观点，前后呼应亮明观点，前后呼应。Eg:Theythinkitwilldogoodtotheirstudents.Point 2:的学生认为不应该的学生认为不应该春游（亮明观点）春游（亮明观点）注意：使用过渡句，自然衔接句子和段落注意：使用过渡句，自然衔接句子和段落（承上启下）（承上启下）Sentencepattern:However,othersprefertoSomeothershavejusttheoppositeopinion.Ontheotherhand.Eg:Ontheotherhand,about35%studentsareagainsttheidea.Reason 1:Reason 1:高考临近，没有心情玩高考临近，没有心情玩Sentencepattern:Theysay/believe/holdtheopinionthat.Eg:Theysaythatwithcollegeentranceexaminationdrawingnear,theydontfeellikegoinganywhere.Reason 2:春游耽误学习春游耽误学习（注意：两个观点之间的连接）（注意：两个观点之间的连接）Eg:Besides,theythinkgoingspringoutingwilltakeatleastadayoff.Theycantaffordthetime.Theythinktheyshouldfixtheirattentionontheirstudies Whether or not should Senior 3 students go spring outing?We have had a heated discussion.Opinions are divided on the question.Most students,about 65%,are for the idea that Senior 3 students should go spring outing.They think it good for their health to be close to nature and breathe some fresh air and whats more,they can relax themselves for a while and rest their brains so that they will be more energetic.They think it will do good to their students.On the other hand,about 35%students are against the idea.They say that with college entrance examination drawing near,they dont feel like going anywhere.Besides,they think going spring outing will take at least a day off.They cant afford the time.They think they should fix their attention on their studies表示观点对比类写作套语表示观点对比类写作套语A.总起总起:Opinionsaredividedonthisquestion.Differentpeopleholddifferent/oppositeopinions.Peoplehavetaken/adopteddifferentattitudestowardsPeoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisproblem.Peopletakedifferentviewsonthisquestion.B.表达观点一表达观点一:ofthemholdtheopinionthat.ofthemareinfavoroftheideathatPeoplewhoarefortheideathinkC.表达不同观点之间的衔接表达不同观点之间的衔接:However,ofthemholdadifferentview./ofthemholdtheoppositeopinion.Peoplewhoareagainstitdontthinkso.However,everycoinhastwosides.Differentfromthose.,peoplethink.Ontheotherhand,peoplethink.D.结尾常用套语结尾常用套语:Inmyopinion/Personally,AsfarasImconcerned,Inshort/inbrief/inaword,表列举说明的关联词表列举说明的关联词:Firstly/Firstofall/Tobeginwith,.SecondlyThirdlyInthefirstplaceInthesecondplaceInthethirdplaceFinally/Lastbutnotleast/,.表示递进、强调的关联词表示递进、强调的关联词.Besides/Apartfrom/Whatsmore/Inaddition/Furthermore/Moreover/worsestill/tomakemattersworse Whether or not should Senior 3 students go spring outing?We have had a heated discussion.Opinions are divided on the question.Most students,about 65%,are for the idea that Senior 3 students should go spring outing.They think it good for their health to be close to nature and breathe some fresh air and whats more,they can relax themselves for a while and rest their brains so that they will be more energetic.They think it will do good to their students.On the other hand,about 35%students are against the idea.They say that with college entrance examination drawing near,they dont feel like going anywhere.Besides,they think going spring outing will take at least a day off.They cant afford the time.They think they should fix their attention on their studies.Opinions are divided on the question.Most students,about 65%,are for the idea thatOn the other hand,about 35%students areagainst the idea.whats more,BesidesA A、运用高级词汇或短语、运用高级词汇或短语B B、增加形容词或副词、增加形容词或副词C C、灵活运用各种句型、灵活运用各种句型 亮点点拨亮点点拨 Whether or not should Senior 3 students go spring outing?We have had a heated discussion.Opinions are divided on the ques