th语法专题名词性从句.pdf

1 语法专题名词性从句（Noun Clauses）1 概念 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。2.种类 1）主语从句：主语从句+谓语动词+其他 2）表语从句：主语+系动词+表语从句 3）宾语从句：及物动词/介词+宾语从句 4）同位语从句：名词/代词+同位语从句 3.名从引导词分类及作用：名词性从句的引导词 作用 连接词 that,whether/if(是否)不作成分只起连 接作用 连接代词 what(ever),who(ever),whom(ever),which(ever)whose 作主、宾、表、定语 连接副词 whe n(ever),where(ver),why,how,作状语 解题方法:1、找主句谓语，确定是什么从句 2、分析从句句子成分，缺什么，补什么 缺”that”意 思 补 whether，if 补代词 what(ever)who(ever)whom(ever)which(ever)whose 补畐 U 词 whe n(ever),where(ver),why,how 主耐 F血什主麒*whether十主谓氟 It（形式主喬）+i 龍动词+谕岀 who?whoever+骼动询+宾济 whom+主吾+涓吾动同*v wlieib where）why；how+主请帥 什么都不 只缺 堤否 缺主/宾/表 缺状语 3、确定词性后 再根据句子 意思 选择引导词。2 例句展示 That they will win the game is certain.f It is certain that they will win the game.Whether the task can be finished on time is still unknown.f It is still unknown whether the task can be finished on time.Why he did ncome here is not clear to anyone.f It is not clear to anyone why he didntcome here.Whoever breaks the law should be puni shed.What he said at the meet ing is importa nt.讪砒屮主谓臬+what滩咼动询+宾鬲 what,whom+主魁谓话动讯 whcn where,whyho 酣主甫帥 例句展示 Can you tell me whe n and how I can get to the city?I don u ndersta nd what he means.I am not sure whether he would help me.He said that he had visited his former En glish teacher several times.基木结杯 rtc,looks,smells,sounds?feds,appears It n（显衢+as i件主谓勲%e?seems,appears+that+主谓宾 例旬眛 The problem seems that he didnt come at all Going abroad for further education appears what lie hopes best.The problem is whether they can overcome the difficulty.The factory is where his father works.*Thafs why so many people prefer to live in the south,3 同位语从句 主语+谓语动词+the rcason+why+主谓宾卫 例句展示 It is still a questio n whether the bridge can be completed next mon th.When she heard the news that the earthquake happened in her hometown,she lost con scious ness.They have no idea whether they should go on with the search.The questi on who can go to the meeti ng hasnbee n decided.名从考点：1.what 和 that _ he can t finish the work on time is _ makes us worry.(KEY:That,what)注:what 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。that 只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分。2.名词性从句中的谓语语气问题 1)I advise that he _(stay)and wait here 2)It is advised that we _(hold)ano ther meeti ng to discuss the questio n.3)My advice is that the injured man _(se nd)to hospital at once KEY 1)(should)stay 2)(should)hold 3)(should)be sent 注：表“建议、命令、要求、安排”等词其后的名词性从句要用虚拟语气：(should)+动词 原形。此类词有：advise/suggest/propose/recommend/insist/order/command/demand/require/request等 等。3.that 的省略与保留 1)_ they would take the risk is clear.2)The reas on is _ he is careless.3)I don t think _ she is coming.4)We all knew _ he got the first prize and _ he was very excited.5).We must make it clear _ we mea n what we say.KEY 1)That 2)that 3)(that)4)(that),that 5)that 注：可省：单个的宾语从句中 不可省：主从，表从中；并列宾语从句中,第 2 个宾语从句中的 that 不省；在 it 作the factj idea,news,hope,belief.truth,plan,warning suggestion instruction,doubt I question,possibility The re as on why+主谓宾+谓语动词+宾语*、c fact,ilk込 newshopc beEef thouditj truth,plan warning 主语+谓语动词十suggestion,instruction doubt ucstion.possibility rthat whether when+*where.how*十主谓宾+谓语动词+宾语 2 广 that whether n when+J where“how+J 4 形式主/宾语的句型中。4.which,what 1)I can t imagine made him act like that.2)_ he wants is a book.3)I read about it in this book or that book,I can _ it wasember _ 4)Would you mind telling me _ Ianguage your friend speaks,English or French?KEY 1)what 2)What 3)which 4)which 注：what 什么,泛指；which 哪个,一般有选择范围。EX1 语法填空 1.The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.2.Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales please?3.We have been prepared to do _ it takes to save her life.4.News came from the school office _ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing Un iversity.5.As a new diplomat,he often thinks of _ he can react more appropriately on such occasi ons.6._ was most important to her,she told me,was her family.7.When asked _ they loved most,90%of the kids turned it to their parents.8.The little girl who got lost decided to rema in _ she was and wait for her mother.EX2 完成句子 1.大家都公认，树木对于环保是很必要的。(It is un iversally ackno wledged that.)_ are indispensable to _ 2.据报道，洪水让两千多人无家可归。(It is reported that.,leave.homeless)3.十分之九的父母都说他们教育孩子的方式与他们自己的父母比起来有很大的 差异。(there were significant differences in their approach to sth.,compared with)4.他昨天上学迟到，因为遇上了交通堵塞。(the reason why.is that.,be stuck in)5.唯一奇怪的是各州都对这个消息充耳不闻。(the only wonder is that.,close ones ears to sth.)EX3 翻译句子 1.很明显，学生应该为自己的将来作好准备。（主语从句）2.想要待在宾馆里的人自己买单。（主语从句，pay o nesow n way）5 3.他每天读英语，难怪英语学得这么好。（主语从句）4.在那个贫穷的小村庄的所见所闻给我们留下了深刻的印象。（主语从句）5作为他最好的朋友，我确信他会准时到的。（宾语从句）6 6.他自己对他在这篇文章中写的东西不满意。（宾语从句）7.我无法想象他是如何解出这道难题的。（宾语从句）8.最后一次我们玩得很开心是在参观海洋公园的时候。（表语从句）9.我想问的问题是你是否能给我一点关于如何与人交流的建议。（表语从句）-10.这就是前天我救那个女孩的地方。（表语从句）11.这个 MP3 就是我昨天下午在这家超市买的东西。（表语从句）12.为什么你不兑现给福利院的孩子们买礼物的承诺?（同位语从句）13.今天下午我们将讨论下周是否举行一个晚会的问题。（同位语从句）14.广州传来消息，后天将举行盛大的 2010 亚运会盛大庆祝活动。（同位语从句）15.我对他准备退学的想法感到很惊讶。（同位语从句）7 名词性从句答案 EX1 1.that 2.whoever 3.whatever 4.that 5.which 6.What 7.whom 8.where EX2 1.It is universally acknowledged that trees;environmental protection.2.It repsorted that the flood left more than 2,000 people homeless.3.Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with that of their parents.4.The reason why he was late for school yesterday was that he was stuck in the heavy traffic.5.The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the news.EX3 1.It is obvious of the students that they should get well prepared for their future.2.Whoever wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way.3.He reads English every day,and it is no wonder that he learns it so well.4.What we saw and heard in that poor village impressed us deeply.5.As his best friend,I am sure that he will come on time.6.He himself is not satisfied with what he wrote in this article.7.I can t imagine how he workeodut this question.8.The last time we had great fun was when we were visiting the Ocean Park.9.My question is whether you can give me some advice on how to communicate with others.10.This is where I saved the girl the day before yesterday.11.This MP3 is what I bought in this supermarket yesterday afternoon.12.Why didn t you carry out your promise that you would buy gifts for the children in Welfare Home?13.This afternoon we will discuss the problem whether we will hold a party next week.14.Word comes from Guangzhou that a great celebration will be held in honor of the 2010 Asian Games the day after tomorrow.15.I was very surprised at his thought that he would drop out of the school.