the+比较级.pdf
“the+比较级，the+比较级”“the+比较级，the+比较级”意为“越越”，表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化，其中的两个 the 都是副词，而不是冠词。本文拟从以下几个方面对此句式作一浅析，希望能帮助同学们加深理解。一、对主、从句的理解 1.在通常情况下，前一个“the+比较级”相当于比较状语从句，后一个“the+比较级”为主句。例如：The more I read the book，the more I liked it 这本书我越看越喜欢。The more difficult the questions are,the less likely he is able to answer them.问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。2.有时前一个“the+比较级”相当于条件状语从句，后一个“the+比较级”为主句，从句不可用将来时。例如：The earlier you start,the sooner youll be back.你出发得越早,回来得就越早。The more you practice,the better you can understand.你练习得越多，理解得就越透。3.除上述情况外，还存在着主句在前，从句在后的特殊情况。此时，主句中的“the+比较级”多放在主句之末。此时，要按汉语习惯先译从句，再译主句。例如：He is the busier,the happier he feels.他越忙越高兴。You climb the higher,the farther you will see.你爬得越高,就看得越远。二、语序 一般说来，从句中的主语与谓语必须是正常语序，不能是倒装语序。主句可根据需要调整，既可采用正常语序，也可采用倒装语序。例如：The noisier they were,the happier was their mother.孩子越吵闹，他们的母亲就越高兴。The harder you work,the more progress you will get.你越努力，进步就越快。三、省略 1.在通常情况下，如果主、从句中的谓语动词是联系动词 be，而且主语非代词时，此时 be 常常省略。例如：The better the food(is),the more popular a restaurant gets.食物越可口，饭店的生意就越红火。The higher the tree(is),the stronger the wind(is).树大招风。The more exercise you take,the stronger you are.锻炼得越多，身体越强壮。(注意：此句中的联系动词 are 不能省略。)2.对于主句在前，从句在后的特殊情况，主句中形容词或副词前的 the 常常省略。例如：You practice(the)more,the better you can understand.你练习得越多，你理解得就越透。I knew him(the)more,the more I liked him.我越了解他就越喜欢他。3.主、从句的主语和谓语动词在叙述的场合有默契，可酌情省略。例如：The sooner(you finish it),the better(it will be).你完成得越快越好。The more(you know),the more dangerous(it will be).你知道得越多，处境就越危险。具体用法（1）“the more,the more”句型为“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，常表示“越,就越”，是一个复合句，其中前面的句子是状语从句，后面的句子是主句。The 用在形容词或副词的比较级前。The more he gets,the more he wants.他越来越贪（他得到的越多，就越想要）。The more she learns,the more she wants to learn.她越学就越想学。（2）“the+比较级，the+比较级”句型主从句的时态常用一般现在时或一般过去时。The higher the ground is,the thinner the air becomes.离地面越高，空气就越稀薄。The harder he worked,the more he got.他工作越努力，得到的就越多。（3）若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时，从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将来。The harder you work,the greater progress you will make.你越用功，进步就越大。The longer the war lasts,the more the people there will suffer.战争持续越久，那里的人们受难就越多。（4）在这种句型中，主句在程度上随着从句变化而变化，常把被强调的部分提前。The faster you run,the better it will be.你跑得越快越好。（5）这种句型的特点是前后都可以有所省略，特别是谚语、俗语，只要意义明确，越简单越好。The more,the better.多多益善。The sooner,the better.越早越好。（6）这种句型中的比较部分通常是状语、宾语、表语，也可以是主语。The more English you practice,the better your English is.你练习英语越多，你的英语就越好。The busier he is,the happier he feels.他越忙越高兴。The more air there is inside the tyre,the greater the pressure there is in it.轮胎里空气越多，里面的压力就越大。（7）若表示“越,越不”，常用“the more,the less”句型。The more she flatters me,the less Ilike her.她越逢迎我，我越不喜欢她。（8）若表示“越不,就越”，常用“the less,the more”句型。The less he worried,the better he worked.他越不烦恼，工作就干得越好。练习附答案 练习题 Exercises 1.The longer she waited,_ she became.A.the most impatient B.more impatient C.the least impatient D.the more impatient 2.As far as I am concerned,education is about learning and the more you learn，_.A.the more for life are you equipped B.the more equipped for life you are C.the more life you are equipped for D.you are equipped the more for life 3._ he comes,_ I shall be.A.The sooner；the happy B.The sooner；the happier C.The sooner；happier D.Sooner；happier 4._,the more it makes them cry.A.The better the book they like B.Better they like the book C.They like the book better D.They like the better the book 5._,the more you eat.A.The heavier are you B.The heavier you are C.You the heavier D.You are the heavier 6.The earlier you _ there,the less money it _.A.get；will cost B.will get；will cost C.get；cost D.will get；cost 答案 D B B C D A
