高考英语滁州虚拟语气知识点易错题汇编及答案.pdf

高考英语滁州虚拟语气知识点易错题汇编及答案 一、选择题 1Im sorry.I_to your birthday party if Forget it.I know you were in Shanghai on business then.Ahad come Bwould have come Cneednt have come Dcame 2Recent years have seen a growing increase in the emergence of cyber terms,without which our life _ so colorful nowadays.Awont be Bhadnt been Cwouldnt be Dcant be 3Had electronic computers not been invented,many problems of space flight .Acould not have solved Bcould not be solved Ccan not have been solved Dcould not have been solved 4Due to the popularity of the restaurant,it is advisable that a table_ for a get-together in advance.Amust be reserved Bis reserved Cbe reserved Dwill be reserved 5The snowstorm sweeping across California delayed my flight,otherwise I _ in Hawaii sunbathing on the beach now.Awould be Bcould have been Cwill be Dmight have been 6I _ to you at that time,but I didnt know where you lived.Ahad written Bwrote Cwould write Dwould have written 7It is recommended that the project _ until all the preparations have been made.Ais not started Bwill not be started Cnot be started Dis not to be started 8I cant thank you more,Tony.But for your timely warning,I into great trouble yesterday.Ahad got Bgot Cwould have got Dwould get 9-Are you happy now?-If only I _ slimmer,more beautiful,richer,more clever.Aam Bwere Chad been Dshould be 10They both look as if they _ ten years younger after a heart-to-heart talk.Aare Bwere Chave been Dhad been 11She looks as if she _ ten years younger.Ais Bwas Cwere Dhad been 12If penicillin available,many people from sickness or even small wounds in World War.Awas not;would die Bwere not;would have died Chad not been;would died Dhad not been;would have died 13His suggestion that she _ in his home suggested he _ very warm-hearted.Awould stay;was Bstayed;be Cshould stay;be Dstay;was 14Many things we benefit from now wouldnt be around _ Albert Einstein.Aaside from Bthanks to Cbut for Dregardless of 15In the bright sunlight the surface of the lake looks as if it_dotted with shining diamonds.Ais Bwere Cwill be Dwould be 16I insisted he_ back the wallet to the lady,but he insisted he_it.Ahanded;didnt steal Bhand;hadnt stolen Chand;not steal Dhanded;hadnt stolen 17Tom had his hands full yesterday,otherwise he _ your graduation ceremony.Awill attend Bhad been attended Cwould attend Dwould have attended 18I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour,otherwise I _ you waiting for such a long time.Awill not keep Bhave not kept Chad not kept Dwould not have kept 19-I cant believe it Tom failed the test again!-He would not be so upset now your advice Awould he follow Bshould he follow Cdid he follow Dhad he followed 20Mable is very weak,so the doctor advised that not only _ more flood,but she should also take more exercise.Ashould she have Bshe should have Cshe has Dhas she 21If he_ to the teacher attentively,he_the answer to the problem now.Ahad listened,would have known Blistened,would know Clistened,would have known Dhad listened,would know 22His expression suggested that he _the invitation and he suggested full preparations _.Ahad accepted;would be made Baccepted;be made Chas accepted;make Dhad accepted;be made 23Experts recommended parents _their children to play computer games for more than an hour a day.Anot allow Bdo not allow Cmustnt allow Dcouldnt allow 24Im sorry,but I would rather the specialist as well as the assistants _and _the project again.Aseated,discuss about Bwere seated,discussed Care seated,discuss Dseats,are discussing 25She wouldnt have flown off the handle _the fact that you didnt intend to hurt her.Awere she to know Bhad she known Cdid she know Dshould she have known 【参考答案】*试卷处理标记，请不要删除 一、选择题 1B 解析：B【解析】【详解】查虚拟语气。句意：我很抱歉。如果，我就来参加你的生日聚会了。不必在意。我知道你那时在上海出差。考此处表示对过去事实相反的假设，if后面省了过去完成时，补充完整应该是 if I had not been out on business，故主句中应该用 should/would/could/might have done结构，故选 B。【点睛】if 虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：条件从句的谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式 与过去事实相反的假设 had done would/could/might/should have done 与现在事实相反的假设 过去时(waswere)would/could/might/should do 与将来事实相反的假设 过去时(waswere);should do;were to do would/could/might/should do 有时假设的情况并不是以 if 引导的条件从句形式出现，而是通过一些短语等形式暗示虚拟语气的存在，常用的词语有 with,without,but for,otherwise,or，even,in case of,what if(如果将如何)等等，这种句子往往有主句而无从句(考试时多数情况是对过去的假。但是可以转化成 if引导的虚拟条件句。分析句子可知，本句可以转化成是 if 引导的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。从句为：If I had not had your recommendation,主句为：I would have missed it。故 C选项正确。2C 解析：C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：近年来，网络用语的出现越来越多，没有它们，我们的生活就不会如此丰富多彩。结合句意可知此处非限制性定语从句是虚拟语气，与现在的事实相反，故选 C。【点睛】由 but for、with、without、otherwise 等介词短语引导的句中。此类介词短语多引导含条件意味的虚拟语气。如：The ship would have sunk with all on board but for the efforts of the captain.要没有船长的努力，那这只船及船上所有的人都沉没了。Without your help,I wouldnt do the experiment well.有了你的帮助，我会把实验好好地做的。I am really busy,otherwise I would certainly go with you.我真得好忙，否则我当然跟你一起去了。3D 解析：D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟条件句。句意：如果没有电子计算机的发明，许多太空飞行的问题是不可能解决的。本句为 if 引导的虚拟条件句，如果含有“were，should，had”时，可省去 if 而将“were，should，had”置于句首，构成倒装句。本句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟。所以主句为：sb would/could/might/should have done。从句谓语动词为：had done。故 D选项正确。【点睛】If 虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：条件从句的谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式 与过去事实相反的假设 had done would/could/might/should have done 与现在事实相反的假设 过去时(waswere)would/could/might/should do 与将来事实相反的假设 过去时(waswere);should do;were to do would/could/might/should do 本句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟。所以主句为：sb would/could/might/should have done。从句为：sb had done。故 D选项正确。4C 解析：C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：由于这家餐馆很受欢迎，建议提前预定一张聚会的桌子。固定句式：it is advisable that 主语+（should）+动词原形+-。此处 a table和 reserve 之间是一种被动关系，故答案为 C。5A 解析：A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：席卷加利福尼亚的暴风雪延误了我的航班，否则我现在会在夏威夷的海滩上晒太阳。根据句意，“我”现在不可能在夏威夷(因为航班延误了)，“我”所说的（我现在会在夏威夷晒太阳）与事实相反，所以要用虚拟语气，根据 now可知这是对现在的虚拟，所以主句要用情态动词+do 的结构，故选 A。【点睛】本题中的 otherwise是含蓄虚拟语气的一个标志，意为“否则；不然”，用在虚拟语气中相当于一个虚拟条件句。假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是暗含在上下文中。比如本句中，根据上文可知，“我”现在不可能夏威夷(因为航班延误了)，所以要用虚拟语气。6D 解析：D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：那时我本想给你写信的，但我不知道你住在哪里。根据后文 but I didnt know where you lived 可知“我”并没有写信，短语 would have done“本应该做但实际没有做”，表示对过去事实的假设。故选 D。7C 解析：C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：建议在所有的准备工作完成之前不要开始这个项目。英语中表示建议、要求、命令的词与名词性从句连用，recommend 与名词性从句中连用时从句中的动词用should+动词原形，should 可以省略，本句动词 recommend 表示建议，that 引导了主语从句，所以本题答案是 C。8C 解析：C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我特别感谢你，要不是你及时的提醒，我昨天一定陷入了很大的麻烦。本题考查含蓄条件句的虚拟语气，根据 but for sth,主句+would do(表对现在或者将来的虚拟)；but for sth,主句+would(not)+have done（表示对过去的虚拟）。根据主句中yesterday可知是对过去的虚拟，故选 C。9B 解析：B【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：你现在快乐吗？要是我更苗条、更漂亮、更富有、更聪明就好了。根据上文 now 以及 if only可知是表示与现在情况不同：if only从句主语动词过去式。故选 B。【点睛】If only:常常用来表示强烈的愿望，因为用于虚拟语句时和 wish 类似，表达强烈的遗憾或与真实条件不符的愿望。因而使用起来的形式与 wish 相同。表示与将来情况不同：if only 从句主语would(could,might)+动词原形；eg：If only she would try again.我希望她能再试一次 表示与现在情况不同：if only从句主语动词过去式；eg：If only I wasnt going to London.我希望我没去过伦敦.表达与过去情况不同：if only从句主语would/could have/had过去分词。eg：If only you had come to my birthday party.你要是来了我的生日晚会就好了。10B 解析：B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他们俩谈心之后，看上去都年轻了十岁。根据语境，as if 引导的表语从句用虚拟语气，根据主句谓语动词 look 可知，是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故选B。11C 解析：C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：她看起来好像年轻了十岁。分析句子，此处为虚拟语气，她看起来年轻十岁与现在事实相反，主句用一般过去时，be 动词都用 were，故选 C 项。12D 解析：D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有青霉素，很多人在二战中就会死于疾病或小的伤口。if 条件句用 had done 表示和过去的事实相反，主句用 would have done 表示虚拟。故选 B。【点睛】虚拟语气在条件句中的用法是：虚拟条件句 与现在事实相反的假设，从句是 If+主语+动词的过去式（动词 be用 were)，主句是：主语+should,would,might,could动词原形；与过去相反的假设从句用：If+主语+had+过去分词，主句是：主语should,would,might,could have done；与将来相反的假设，从句用 1、If+主语+动词过去式，主语should,would do，2、If+主语+were to+动词原形，加主句 3、If+主语+should+动词原形，加上主句的might,could动词原形。13D 解析：D【解析】考查 suggest的用法。句意：他建议她待在家里，这表明他很热心。句中 suggestion 表示“建议”，后面是 that的同位语从句，解释说明 suggestion 的内容，要用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形；suggest在此句的意思是“表明，暗示”，后面的名词性从句不用虚拟语气，根据主句谓语动词 suggested用一般过去时态，故宾语从句也用过去时态，由此可知答案为 D。14C 解析：C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有爱因斯坦，现在我们从中获益的很多东西都不会存在。A.aside from除之外；B.thanks to由于；C.but for如果没有；D.regardless of不管，不顾。分析句子可知，本句与现在事实相反的含蓄虚拟语气，用“如果没有”符合语境和语法，故选 C项。15B 解析：B【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：在明亮的阳光下，湖面看起来好像点缀着闪闪发光的钻石。点缀着闪闪发光的钻石是不可能发生的事情，故 as if 用与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词应使用一般过去式，be 动词常用 were。故选 B。16B 解析：B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查 insist 用法。句意：我坚持说他应该把钱包还给那个女士，他坚持认为他没有偷。insist 后跟宾语从句分两种情况，一，表示坚持要去做某事(未做)insist+that从句(主语+should+动词原形)should可省也可以不省,但要记住动词一定要用原形,这是一种虚拟语气。二，但如果表对已经发生过的事的一种看法,(注意;是对已经发生过的事)则使用正常时态。根据句意可知，故选 B 项。17D 解析：D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：汤姆昨天一天都很忙，否则他就去参加你的毕业典礼了。without,otherwise,but for 引导的短语或句子有时相当于一个虚拟条件句。假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是暗含在上下文中，通过介词短语来表示。使用到这些词组的句子中，虚拟语气的用法一般是：对现在的虚拟：would+do；对过去的虚拟：would(not)+have done。根据句意，这句话是对昨天的情况的虚拟，故选 D。【点睛】otherwise 表示“否则”“要不然”时，其后的句子是否用虚拟语气，与句子所表达的意思有关。由于“否则”“要不然”的意思就是“如果不就”，它隐含一种条件在里面，所以，如果根据句意，其中的“条件”是真实的，就用陈述语气；如果其中的“条件”是不真实的，就用虚拟语气。在本题中，根据句意是对昨天的情况的假设，与昨天的实际情况并不相符合，所以应使用虚拟语气。同学们在解题时要注意区分这两种情况。18D 解析：D【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我遇到堵车长达一个多小时，否则我不会让你等这么久的。Otherwise“否则”是解题的关键，相当于虚拟语气的从句“如果不堵车”，那“我就不会让你等”考查的是主句。从 was 可以判定出与过去相反，主句要用 would have done，表示否定用 would not have kept。综上，D选项正确。19D 解析：D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我真不敢相信，汤姆又考砸了！如果他听从你的建议，他就不会那么难过了。分析句子可知，本句是对过去时间的虚拟，if 引导的条件句用过去完成时，if省略 had 提前，句子倒装，所以是 had he followed。故 D 选项正确。【点睛】if 虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：条件从句的谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式 与过去事实相反的假设 had done would/could/might/should have done 与现在事实相反的假设 过去时(waswere)would/could/might/should do 与将来事实相反的假设 过去时(waswere);should do;were to do would/could/might/should do 可以判断本句是对过去时间的虚拟，if引导的条件句用过去完成时，if 省略 had 提前，句子倒装，所以是 had he followed。故 D 选项正确。20A 解析：A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查倒装句和虚拟语气。句意：马布尔现在很虚弱，因此医生建议她不仅应该多吃点，也应该多锻炼。advise 意为“建议”，后接宾语从句时，常用“（should+）动词原形”虚拟结构；当 not only位于句首时，句中需要部分倒装，因此需要把助动词 should 提到主语 she的前面。故选 A。【点睛】部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词、情态动词、系动词 be，移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面。当具有否定意义或半否定意义的词或短语、结构等放于句首时，句子需要部分倒装。21D 解析：D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他专心听了老师的话，他现在就会知道问题的答案了。结合句意，此处是 if 引导的虚拟语气，从句与过去的事实相反，主句与现在的事实相反，所以这里是混合虚拟语气。故选 D。22D 解析：D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词时态和虚拟语气。句意：他的表情表明他接受了邀请，他建议应该充分做准备。suggest 作“暗示，表明”讲时，后面接陈述语句，根据句意可知，第一空的动作发生在suggested之前，表示“过去的过去”作，用过去完成时，故排除 B、C项；suggest 作“建议”讲时，宾语从句用虚拟语气，动词用 should+动词原形，should可以省略，主语 full preparations 与谓语动词 make 是被动关系，故用 should be made，should 省略。故选 D。23A 解析：A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：专家建议父母每天不允许孩子玩电脑游戏超过一个小时。recommend 表示主观的肯定时，后面的需要用到虚拟语气，但是其中的 should 可以省略，且后面应该跟随动词原形，当需要否定的时候，直接在 do前面加否定词 not，故选 A。24A 解析：A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定搭配和虚拟语气。句意：很抱歉，但是我宁愿专家和助手都坐下来再次讨论关于这个项目。第一空是虚拟语气，表示对现在愿望相反的假设，应使用一般过去时，即would rather+sb.+一般过去时，所以用 seated；第二空是 would rather do sth.，意为“宁愿做某事”，所以用 discuss about。故选 A 项。25B 解析：B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果她知道你并没有打算伤害她这一事实的话，她就不会勃然大怒。根据题中 wouldnt have 和 fact后的同位语从句的时态可知，这是对过去时间的虚拟。在 if 的非真实条件句中，对过去时间的虚拟从句谓语动词要用 had done，省略连词 if 后，句子要用部分倒装，即 had 提前至从句主语之前。故选 B项。