2019年广西民族大学基础英语考研真题A卷.doc

2019年广西民族大学基础英语考研真题A卷I.Vocabulary, Grammar and General KnowledgeDirections: Find ONE choice that could best complete the sentence.（共 20小题，每小题 2 分，共 40 分）1.The Presidential candidate _his position by winning several primary elections.A. enforcedB. enrichedC. intensifiedD. consolidated2.One of the examination questions _me completely and I couldnt answer it.A. baffledB. mingledC. provokedD. diverted3.Ann never dreams of_ for her to be sent abroad very soon.A. there being a chanceB. there to be a chanceC. there be a chanceD. being a chance4.The helicopter _ a light plane and both pilots were killed.A. coincided withB. stumbled onC. tumbled toD. collided with5.Our university days often appear happier in _than they actually were at the time.A.retentionB. retrospectC. returnD. reverse6.I hate the people who _ the end of the film that you havent seen before.A.revealB. rewriteC. reviseD. reverse7.The _ of finding gold in California attracted a lot of people to settle down there.A. StakesB. speculationsC.prospectsD. provisions8.Inside the apartment was an unpleasant smell of _air.A.staleB. smokedC. mistyD. wet9.Mr. Bloom is not _now, but he will be famous someday.A. significantB. dominantC. magnificentD. prominent10.The government _ a heavy tax on tobacco, which aroused opposition from the tobacco industry.A. pronouncedB. imposedC. compliedD. prescribed11. Every member of society has to make a _ to struggle for the freedom of the country.A. pledgeB. warrantyC. resolveD. guarantee12. The new appointment of our president _ from the very beginning of next semester.A. takes effectB. takes partC. takes placeD. takes turns13. The civil rights leader _defended the right of colored people.A. peculiarlyB. indifferentlyC. vigorouslyD. inevitably14. The direction were so _ that it was impossible to complete the assignment.A.ingeniousB. ambitiousC. notoriousD. ambiguous15.As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for "correct" linguistic behavior, it is said to be _.A. prescriptiveB. sociolinguisticC. descriptiveD. psycholinguistic16. The morpheme "vision" in the common word "television" is a(n) _.A. bound morphemeB. bound formC. inflectional morphemeD. free morpheme17. "Can I borrow your bike?" _ "You have a bike."A. is synonymous withB.is inconsistent withC. entailsD. presupposes18.The branch of linguistics that studies how context influences the way speakers interpret sentences is called _.A. semanticsB. pragmaticsC. sociolinguisticsD. psycholinguistics19.According to Krashen, _ refers to the gradual and subconscious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations.A. learningB. competenceC. performanceD. acquisition20. The function of the sentenceWater boils at 100 degrees Centigrade.” is_.A. interrogativeB. directiveC. informativeD. performativeII.ClozeDirections: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A，B，C and D .You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.（共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）The Internet affords anonymity to its users a boon to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cybercrime that has_21 across the Web.Can privacy bepreserved22bringing a semblance of safety and security to a world that seems increasingly23?Last month, Howard Schmidt, the nations cyber-czar, offered the Obama government a24to make the Web a safer place a voluntary identity system that would be the high-tech25of a physical key, fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled26one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 27to a specific computer, and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to28a federation of private online identify systems. Users could 29 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver's license30by the government.Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have sign-on systems that make it possible for users to31just once but use many different services. 32 , the approach would create a walled garden in safe neighborhoods and bright streetlights to establish a sense of33community.Mr. Schmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with34 , trusting the identities of the infrastructure that the transaction runs35 .Still, the administrations plan has 36privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such an initiative push toward what would37be a license mentality.The plan has also been greeted with 38by some experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecosystem” would still leave much of the Internet39. They argue that should be40to register and identify themselves, in drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.21A.sweptB.skippedC.walkedD.ridden22A.forB.withinC.whileD.though23A.carelessB.lawlessC.pointlessD.helpless24A.reasonB.reminderC.compromiseD.proposal25A.informationB.interferenceC.entertainmentD.equivalent26A.byB.intoC.fromD.over27A.linkedB.directedC.chainedD.compared28A.dismissB.discoverC.createD.improve29A.recallB.suggestC.selectD.realize30A.releasedB.issuedC.distributedD.delivered31A.carry onB.linger onC.set inD.log in32A.In vainB.In effectC.In returnD.In contrast33A.trustedB.modernizedC.thrivingD.competing34A.cautionB.delightC.confidenceD.patience35A.onB.afterC.beyondD.across36A.dividedB.disappointedC.protectedD.united37A.frequentlyB.incidentallyC.occasionallyD.eventually38A.skepticismB.relevanceC.indifferenceD.enthusiasm39A.manageableB.defendableC.vulnerableD.invisible40A.invitedB.appointedC.allowedD.forcedIII.Reading Comprehension （共 20 小题，每小题 3 分，共 60 分）PASSAGE ONEBeginning in the late sixteenth century, it became fashionable for young aristocrats to visit Paris, Venice, Florence, and above all, Rome, as the culmination (终极) of their classical education. Thus was born the idea of the Grand Tour, a practice which introduced Englishmen, Germans, Scandinavians, and also Americans to the art and culture of France and Italy for the next 300 years. Travel was arduous and costly throughout the period, possible only for a privileged class the same that produced gentlemen scientists, authors, antique experts, and patrons of the arts.The Grand Tourist was typically a young man with a thorough grounding in Greek and Latin literature as well as some leisure time, some means, and some interest in art. The German traveler Johann Winckelmann pioneered the field of art history with his comprehensive study of Greek and Roman sculpture; he was portrayed by his friend Anton Raphael Mengs at the beginning of his long residence in Rome. Most Grand Tourists, however, stayed for briefer periods and set out with less scholarly intentions, accompanied by a teacher or guardian, and expected to return home with souvenirs of their travels as well as an understanding of art and architecture formed by exposure to great masterpieces.London was a frequent starting point for Grand Tourists, and Paris a compulsory destination; many traveled to the Netherlands, some to Switzerland and Germany, and a very few adventurers to Spain, Greece, or Turkey. The essential place to visit, however, was Italy. The British traveler Charles Thompsonspoke for many Grand Tourists when in 1744 he described himself as “being impatiently desirous of viewing a country so famous in history, a country which once gave laws to the world, and which is at present the greatest school of music and painting, contains the noblest productions of sculpture and architecture, and is filled with cabinets of rarities, and collections of all kinds of historical relics”. Within Italy, the great focus was Rome, whose ancient ruins and more recent achievements were shown to every Grand Tourist. Paninis Ancient Rome and Modem Rome represent the sights most prized, including celebrated Greco-Roman statues and views of famous ruins, fountains, and churches. Since there were few museums anywhere in Europe before the close of the eighteenth century, Grand Tourists often saw paintings and sculptures by gaining admission to private collections, and many were eager to acquire examples of Greco-Roman and Italian art for their own collections. In England, where architecture was increasingly seen as an aristocratic pursuit, noblemen often applied what they learned from the villas of Palladio in the Veneto and the evocative (唤起回忆的) ruins of Rome to their own country houses and gardens.41.What is said about the Grand Tour?A)It was fashionable among young people of the time.B)It was unaffordable for ordinary people.C)It produced some famous European artists.D)It made a compulsory part of college education.42.What did Grand Tourists have in common?A)They had much geographic knowledge.B)They were courageous and venturesome.C)They were versed in literature and interested in art.D)They had enough travel and outdoor-life experience.43.How did Grand Tourists benefit from their travel? A)They found inspiration in the worlds greatest masterpieces. B)They got a better understanding of early human civilization. C)They developed an interest in the origin of modem art forms. D)They gained some knowledge of classical art and architecture.44.Why did many Grand Tourists visit the private collections? A)They could buy unique souvenirs there to take back home. B)Europe hardly had any museums before the 19th century. C)They found the antiques there more valuable. D)Private collections were of greater variety.45.How did the Grand Tour influence the architecture in England?A)There appeared more and more Roman-style buildings.B)Many aristocrats began to move into Roman-style villas.C)Aristocrats，country houses all had Roman-style gardens.D) Italian architects were hired to design houses and gardens.PASSAGE TWOAmerica's recent history has been a persistent tilt to the West of people, ideas, commerce and even political powerCalifornia and Texas are the twin poles of the West, but very different onesFor most of the 20th century the home of Silicon Valley and Hollywood has been the brainier and trendier of the twoTexas has trailed behind: its stereotype has beenaconservative Christian in cowboy boots But twins can change places Is that happening now?It is easy to find evidence that California is in a panic. At the start of this month the once golden state started paying creditors in IOUs (欠条)The gap between projected outgoings and income for the current fiscal (财政的) year has leapt to horrible $26 billionWith no sign of a new budget to close this gulf, one credit agency has already downgraded California's debt As budgets are cut, universities will let in fewer students, prisoners will be released early and schemes to protect the vulnerable will be rolled backBy contrast, Texas has coped well with the recession, with an unemployment rate two points below the national average and one of the lowest rates of housing repossessionIn part this is because Texan banks, hard hit in the last property bust, did not over expand this timeTexas also clearly offers a different model, based on small government It has no state capital-gains or income tax, and a business-friendly and immigrant-tolerant attitude It is home to more Fortune 500 companies than any other stateDespite all this, it still seems too early to hand over America's future to TexasTo begin with, that lean Texan model has its own problems It has not invested enough in education, and many experts rightly worry about a "lost generation" of mostly Hispanic Texans with insufficient skills for the demands of the knowledge economySecond, it has never paid to bet against a state with as many inventive people as CaliforniaEven if Hollywood has gone into depression, it still boasts an unequalled array of sunrise industries and the most brisk venture-capital industry on the planetThe state also has an awesome ability to reinvent itself-as it did when its defence industry collapsed at the end of the cold warThe truth is that both states could learn from each other Texas still lacks California's great universities and lags in terms of cultureCalifornia could adopt not just Texas's leaner state, but also its more bipartisan approach to politics There is no perfect model of government: it is America's genius to have 50 public-policy laboratories competing to find out what works best46What does the author say about California and Texas in Paragraph 1?A)They have been competing for the leading positionB)California has been superior to Texas in many waysC)They are both models of development for other statesD)Texas's cowboy culture is less known than California's47What does the author say about today's California?A)Its debts are pushing it into bankruptcyB)Its budgets have been cut by $26 billionC)It is faced with a serious financial crisisD)It is trying hard to protect the vulnerable48In what way is Texas different from California?A)It practices small governmentB)It is home to traditional industriesC)It has a large Hispanic populationD)It has an enviable welfare system49What problem is Texas confronted with?A)Its Hispanic population is mostly illiterateB)Its sunrise industries are shrinking rapidlyC)Its education cannot meet the needs of the knowledge economygolden state started paying creditors in IOUs (欠条)The gap between projected outgoings and income for the current fiscal (财政的) year has leapt to horrible $26 billionWith no sign of a new budget to close this gulf, one credit agency has already downgraded California's debt As budgets are cut, universities will let in fewer students, prisoners will be released early and schemes to protect the vulnerable will be rolled backBy contrast, Texas has coped well with the recession, with an unemployment rate two points below the national average and one of the lowest rates of housing repossessionIn part this is because Texan banks, hard hit in the last