2019年广东财经大学英语水平考试考研真题.doc

2019年广东财经大学英语水平考试考研真题考试年度：2019年 考试科目代码及名称：613-英语水平考试(自命题) 适用专业：050201 英语语言文学友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！一、 Gap Filling 选词填空（用单词列表选词完成段落）（30题，每题1分，共30分）Passage One: fill in the gaps with the proper form of given wordspose, exaggerate,accelerate, extinct, exist, perception，wealthy, magnify, starve, head, run, predict, abundant, conception, reduceFor many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed a hit list of our main fears: natural resources are 1 out? The population is ever growing, leaving less and less to eat? Species are becoming 2 in vast numbers, and the planet's air and water are becoming ever more polluted.But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and other natural resources have become more 3 not less so, since the book 'The Limits to Growth' was published in 1972 by a group of scientists. Second, more food is now produced per 4 of the world's population than at any time in history. Fewer people are 5 . Third, although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are expected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 2550%, as has so often been 6 . And finally, most forms of environmental pollution either appear to have been 7 , or are transient - associated with the early stages of industrialization and therefore best cured not by restricting economic growth, but by 8 it. One form of pollution - the release of greenhouse gases that causes global warming - does appear to be a phenomenon that is going to extend well into our future, but its total impact is unlikely to 9 a devastating problem. A bigger problem may well turn out to be an inappropriate response to it.Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that environmental standards are declining and some factors seem to cause this disjunction between 10 and reality.Passage Two: fill in the gaps with the proper form of given wordstransplant, solution, gradually, transport, elemental, conflict, continually, mobile,couple, agriculture, including, compromise, require, primary, consistThe typical pre-industrial family not only had a good many children, but numerous other dependents as well-grandparents, uncles, aunts and cousins. Such "extended" families were suited for survival in slow paced 11 societies. But such families are hard to 12 . They are immobile.Industrialism demanded masses of workers ready and able to move off the land in pursuit of jobs, and to move again whenever necessary. Thus the extended family 13 shed its excess weight and the so-called "nuclear" family emerged-a stripped-down, portable family unit 14 only of parents and a small set of children. This new style family, far more 15 than the traditional extended family, became the standard model in all the industrial counties.Super-industrialism, however, the next stage of eco-technological development, 16 even higher mobility. Thus we may expect many among the people of the future to carry the streamlining process, a stepfather by remaining children, cutting the family down to its more 17 components, a man and a woman. Two people, perhaps with matched careers, will prove more efficient at navigating through education and social status, through job changes and geographic relocations, than the ordinarily child-cluttered family.A 18 may be the postponement of children, rather than childlessness. Men and women today are often torn in 19 between a commitment to career and a commitment to children. In the future, many 20 will sidestep this problem by deferring the entire task of raising children until after retirement.Passage Three: fill in the gaps with the proper form of given wordstip , slight, examine, specify, nuisance, associate, sensitive, indicate, superior，suspicious, peak, abundant, treat, prohibit, visual, prevent A rat or pigeon might not be the obvious choice to tend to someone who is sick, but these creatures have some 21 skills that could help the treatment of human diseases.Pigeons are often seen as dirty birds and an urban 22 , but they are just the latest in a long line of animals that have been found to have abilities to help humans. Despite having a brain no bigger than the 23 of your index finger, pigeons have a very impressive 24 memory. Recently it was shown that they could be trained to be as accurate as humans at detecting breast cancer in images.Rats are often 25 with spreading disease rather than 26 it, but this long-tailed animal is highly 27 . Inside a rat's nose are up to 1,000 different types of olfactory receptors , whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats the ability to detect 28 smells. As a result, some rats are being put to work to detect TB. When the rats detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs to 29 a sample is infected.Traditionally, a hundred samples would take lab technicians more than two days to 30, but for a rat it takes less than 20 minutes. This rat detection method doesn't rely on specialist equipment. It is also more accurate the rats are able to find more TB infections and, therefore, save more lives.二、Proofreading and error correction 改错题 (15题，每题2分，共30分)Passage OneThree passions have governed my life: the longing for love, the search into knowledge, and the unbearable _1_pity for the suffering of mankind. I have sought of love, first, because it brings ecstasy-ecstasy so great because I would often have _2_sacrificed all the rest of my life for a few hours for this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness-that terrible loneliness which one shivering consciousness _3_looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, then, because in the _4_union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven where saints and poets _5_have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what-at last-i have found.With equal passionate I have sought knowledge. I have wished _6_to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine.A little this, but not much, I have achieved. _7_Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But it always pity brought _8_me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people-a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty and pain make a mock of what _9_human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer. This has been my life. I have found it worth of living, and would gladly live it again if the chance _10_were offered me.Passage TwoSince 1965, when is equipment became operational, a device called Eros has been helped to make sky traffic_11_safe. Eros is short for Eliminate Range Zero Systemrange zero meaning collision. Basically Eros is a computer system measures, with great speed and precision, closing_12_speed ( the speed at which two objects are approaching each other ) and range (the distance apart of the objects ).Eros can warn aircraft approachable each other at jet_13_speeds and can provide protection for as many as a thousand aircraft in wide area. The pilot of an Erosequipped aircraft heading for a collision hear a warning noise in his earphones_14_when his airborne computer calculates that he is within thirty seconds or half a mile ( whichever occurs first ) of other aircraft._15_At the same time, a flashing red arrow on the device's indicator panel instructs him to descend. Simultaneously, in the other aircraft, the signal is automatically reversed: the flashing arrow tells the pilot to climb. The newer Eros II system can accommodate a total of two thousand aircraft at one time within a 140mile radius. Every three seconds, each Erosequipped plane automatically reports to ground stations and to similarly equipped aircraft its precise range, altitude and approach rate. The producers of Eros, the McDonnell Dougals Corporation in the U.S., are now studying the fitting of Eros and will do more make the sky safer: they will also lighten the work of airtraffic controllers and increase the efficiency of airports.三、Sentence Completion 完成句子（根据提供的词，用合适的形式完成句子） （15题，每题2分，共30分）1. The on a car or other vehicle is the system of gears and shafts by which the power from the engine reaches and turns the wheels. (transmit)2. If the warranty is limited, the terms may  you to a replacement or refund.（title）3. If someone or something is  for a particular event or situation, they are the cause of it or they can be blamed for it. (responsibility)4. As the day set for  drew near, I told my wife that I could not accompany them. (depart)5. He was acting out his feelings of   by being overly aggressive. (inferior)6.You have no idea of the   of it, I was going completely mad and I wouldn't have stuck it so I knew I had to leave. (awe)7. I knew from the beginning that there was no  for what I was doing. (justify)8. He further  his activity by convincing himself that he was actually promoting peace. (rational)9. I honestly don't know how I will react the next time I meet a   dangerous situation. (potential)10. I have a particular responsibility to   I make the right decision. (sure)11. He seemed so sure of his decision, how could he flip-flop so  now? (dramatic)12. Independent thinking is an absolute in study. (necessarily)13.Funding also will increase the , quality, and relevance of basic education.(access)14. One of the main design concerns was the building's environmental  and appropriation. (adapt)15. It is significantly more compact than any   laptop, with no loss in functionality. (compare)四、Reading Comprehension 阅读理解（30题，每题2分，共60分）Passage One To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on "persuasive salesmanship" to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money.Marketing, on the other hand focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase.This concept does not imply that business is benevolent or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction-the firm and the customer-and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The nonacceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new. King Customer ruled!1.The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essenceA) a form of persuasive salesmanship.B) the customer-centred approach.C) making goods available for purchase.D) the practice of turning goods into money.2.What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept was widely accepted?A) The needs of the market.B) The preferences of the dealer,C) The efficiency of production.D) The satisfaction of the user.3. According to the passage, "to move as much of these goods as possible"(Line 3, Para.l) meansA) to redesign these goods for large-scale production.H) to transport goods as efficiently as possible.C) to sell the largest possible amount of goods.D) to dispose of these goods in large quantities.4.What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?A) Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.B) Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please.C) It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.D) Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people.5. In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on A) its social impact.B) its theoretical basis.C) its possible consequence.D) its main characteristic.Passage Two The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed intuition to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise; and to integrate action into the process of thinking.Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality; others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.Isenberg's recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers' intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an Aha! experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuit