20212022学年新教材高中英语单元素养评价UniteopleofAchievement含解析新人教版选择性必修第一册.docx

单元素养评价（一）（Unit 1）（120分钟150分）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段 对话仅读一遍。Text 1W: Ann looks rather upset these days. Do you know what happened to her?M: Yeah,she failed maths, and she must be worried about the results of her other exams, too.1. Why is Ann so upset?A. She failed one of her exams.B. She is worrying about other lessons.C. She has no time to do her maths homework.答案：AText 2M: You' ve been doing well with your diet, Diane. I' m proud of you. You never eat junk food anymore.W: I decided to follow your advice. I used to order delivery like most people in the office, "but you inspired me to eat healthier meals.2. What type of food does the woman eat?A. Junk food.B. Healthy food.C. Delivered food.答案：BText 3W:I guess I should invite Jack to my birthday party next Friday. After all, heis my only friend in the school.M: It is up to you. You should tell him on Tuesday or Wednesday.3. When is the woman，s birthday?He set up a science club to get kids interested in the topic. "Our laboratory does not have everything, but I encourage them to think wider and use what we can get locally. ”Tabichi and other four teachers regularly visit low-achieving, at-risk students at their homes to provide one-on-one help and to understand the difficulties these children face daily. Tabichi also encourages parents to allow girls to continue their high-school education.Tabichi' s efforts have made a difference. School registration （注册）has more than doubled to almost 400 now since he came . In 2017, 16 of the 59 graduating students went to college, while in 2018, the number rose to 26. In 2017, five students qualified（有资格）for the Intel ISEF （International Science and Engineering Fair）. This year, two other students will compete in the 2019 Intel ISEF to be held in Phoenix, Arizona.The teacher, however, owes his success to his students, saying, “I am only here because of what my students have achieved. This prize gives them a chance. It tells the world that they can do anything. " As would be expected, Tabichi plans to spend the prize money on his school community and to feed the poor.【文章大意】本文为记叙文。肯尼亚教师Peter Tabichi资助贫困学生完成学业，并致力于 非洲科学教育，他因此荣获2019年“全球教师奖”和100万美元的奖金。24. What is the text mainly about?A. A school located in a Kenya' s Rift valley became famous.B. A Kenyan teacher helping poor students won Global Teacher Prize.C. A Kenyan teacher helped girls to continue their high-school education.D. Five Kenyan students qualified for the Intel ISEF for their performance.【解析】选Bo主旨大意题。根据第一段的“A Kenyan teacher. . . Prize. 及全文的内 容可知，本文主要讲述肯尼亚教师Peter Tabichi资助贫困学生完成学业，并致力于非洲科 学教育，从而荣获2019年“全球教师奖”的故事。故选B。25. What can we know about Keriko Mixed Day Secondary School?A. It had dozens of teachers.B. It was in a city.C. It owned a modern lab.D. It was in poor condition.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段的“The school had just a single.,laboratory” 可知，学校只有一台电脑，与因特网的连接也有问题。它也没有图书馆或实验室。因此这所 学校条件很差。故选D。26. Which word can be used to describe Peter Tabichi?A. Honest.B. Wealthy.C. Kind.D. Humorous.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段的“the teacher began using . . . for them”可 知，他把工资的80%拿出来资助贫困学生，据此可以判断Peter Tabichi为人善良，乐善好 施。故选C。27. Which is the closest number of students when Peter Tabichi began teaching there?A. 90.B. 190.C. 290D. 390.【解析】选Bo细节理解题。根据第五段的“School registration has more than doubled to almost 400 now since he came. ”可知，目前学校注册人数翻了一倍，达到了将近400人, 可见当Peter Tabichi初次来到这所学校时，学生人数约为200人。故选B。CMary Arming was an English fossil collector, dealer and paleontologist （古生 物学家）.Her fossil-hunting helped change the way people thought about the world.Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21,1799. She lived in theseaside town of Lyme Regis, in Dorset. The family had nine children. Only Mary and her brother Joseph grew up. Mary, s father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors. Mary did not go to school much. Her family was too poor. And schools did not teach children about fossils. Mary could read and write. She taught herself. She learned about rocks and how bodies are made.In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were hunting fossil, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock. Mary had a hammer to chip away at the rock. Very carefully she uncovered it. She found the first complete fossil of the ichthyosaur （鱼龙）.Since then, Mary became crazy about fossil hunting. She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easyto spot fossils. Most days Mary went fossil hunting with her dog, Tray.Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her. One good friend was William Buckland, a professor at Oxford University. Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells. She chatted with visitors.Mary Anning died in 1847. How evolution（进化）works was explained by Charles Darwin not long after Mary died. Her fossils had helped scientists understand how things began.【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记。短文叙述了英国化石收藏家、商人和古生物学家玛丽安 宁的故事。28. Why did Mary? s father take his children along the beach?A. To enjoy life.B. To make a living.C. To look for fossils.D. To teach them about fossils.【解析】选 B。推理判断题。由第二段 Mary was born into a poor family . . . visitors. v 可知，1799年5月21日，玛丽出生于英国一个贫穷的家庭。玛丽的父亲经常带着他的孩子们 沿着海滩走。他们捡贝壳和石头卖给游客。所以玛丽的父亲带孩子们去海边是为了谋生。故 选B。29. What can we learn about Mary?A. Her father was a paleontologist.B. Her father educated her at home.C. She had nine brothers and sisters in all.D. She might be popular at that time.【解析】选D。推理判断题。由倒数第二段“ Scientists wrote . . . visitors”可知，科 学家写信要来拜访她。玛丽还开了一家商店出售化石、石头和贝壳且与到访的游客聊一些关 于化石的信息。由此可判断出，在那个时候她很有名，很受欢迎。故选D。30. Who was the first one to catch sight of the rock containing the first complete ichthyosaur fossil?A. Charles Darwin.B. Mary? s dog.C. Mary. D. Joseph.【解析】选Do细节理解题。由第三段“In 1811 when Mary and Joseph . rock. "可 知，1811年，当玛丽和约瑟夫在寻找化石时，约瑟夫看到一根骨头从岩石中伸出来了。所以 约瑟夫是第一个看到含有第一个完整鱼龙化石的人。故选D。31. What does the underlined word “crumble“ in the fourth paragraph mean?A. break B. shakeC. float D. dive【解析】选Ao词义猜测题。由第四段“She liked to hunt . . . fossils.可知，暴风雨 过后她喜欢在海滩上寻找化石。风、雨、浪使岩石变得碎裂。很容易发现化石。所以通过上 下文语境可以判断出第四段加下划线的单词是“破裂" break的意思。故选A。DAlong the river banks of the Amazon and the Orinoco, there lives a bird that swims before it can fly, flies like a fat chicken, eats green leaves, has the stomach of a cow and has claws （爪）on its wings when young. They build their homes about 4. 6m above the river, an important feature for the safety of the young. It is called the hoatzin.In appearance, the birds of both sexes look very much alike with brown on the back and cream and red on the underside. The head is small, with a large set of feathers on the top, bright red eyes, and blue skin. Its nearest relatives are the common birds, cuckoos. Its most striking feature, though, is only found in the young.Baby hoatzins have a claw on the leading edge of each wing and another at the end of each wing tip. Using these four claws, together with the beak （喙）， they can climb about in the bushes, looking very much like primitive （远古的）birds must have done. When the young hoatzins have learned to fly, they lose their claws.During the drier months between December and March hoatzins fly about the forest in groups of 20 to 30 birds, but in April, when the rainy season begins, they collect together in smaller living units of two to seven birds for producing purposes. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生活在亚马逊地区的一种鸟麝雉，它们的 外貌很漂亮，幼鸟和成鸟的生活习性不同以及它们的繁殖习性。32. What is the text mainly about?A. Hoatzins in dry and rainy seasons.B. The relatives and enemies of hoatzins.C. Primitive birds and hoatzins of the Amazon.D. The appearance and living habits of hoatzins.【解析】选D。主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章主要讲的是hoatzin（麝雉）这种鸟类的外貌以及 生活习性。33. Young hoatzins are different from their parents in that.A. they look like young cuckoosthey have claws on the wingsB. they eat a lot like a cowthey live on river banks【解析】选Bo细节理解题。根据第一段“.has claws on its wings when young”和 第三段可知，麝雉在幼年期它们的翅膀上有爪子，而长大学会飞之后就没有了。34. What can we infer about primitive birds from the text?A. They had claws to help them climb.B. They could fly long distances.C. They had four wings like hoatzins.D. They had a head with long feathers on the top.【解析】选 A。推理判断题。由第三段“Using these four claws, together with the beak, they can climb about in the bushes, looking very much like primitive birds must have done. "可知，它们的四个爪子和喙可以帮助它们爬行，这非常像原始鸟类的做法。故推知 原始鸟类有爪子。35. Why do hoatzins collect together in smaller groups when the rainy season comes?A. To find more food.B. To protect themselves better.C. To keep themselves warm.D. To produce their young.【解析】选D。细节理解题。由最后一段中的. they collect together in smaller living units of two to seven birds for producing purposes. " 可知，它们这样做的目的是繁 育后代。选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。Speed reading is a skill with which a person can increase the rate of words read a minute. Generally speaking, a person can read between 200 and 250 words a minute. 36 Here are some ways that can help you read fast. Have a general idea about the topic before reading. If you' re reading a book, it' s a good idea to read the introduction or preface before reading the main text. 37 . Increase your eye span. Your eyes can take in several words at a time and this is known as eye span. To increase your eye span, avoid reading word by word, but try reading blocks of words in a sentence. 38 . Even if you ignore them, you' 11 still understand the main idea of the sentence you' re reading. Do not reread. The most common mistake made by readers is frequent going back to think about some sentences they' ve read. 39 . In other words, cover each line once you' ve finished reading it. 40 . Some people move their lips and speak out while reading, which will lead to a low reading speed. The best way to break this habit is to pay attention while reading and if you catch yourself moving your lips, just place a finger on your mouth.A. Avoid reading out loudGive your full attention to your readingB. You can also leave out words such as the, a, it, to, etcWe can' t judge what to read and what part to leave outC. This will give you a guide to what you' re going to readOne way to avoid this is to place a piece of paper over the text you readD. But with speed reading tips a person can increase his/her speed from 500 to 600 words a minute【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些可以帮助读者进行快速阅读的方法。36 .【解析】选G。根据上一句可知一般来说，一个人一分钟可以阅读200到250个单词。可 知，此处内容与一分钟能够阅读的单词量有关，下一句应该形成对比，因此选项G “但是有 了快速阅读的技巧，一个人可以把他/她的阅读速度提高到每分钟500字到600字。”符合语 境。故选G。37 .【解析】选Eo根据上一句"If you' re reading a book, . . . text. ”如果你正在 阅读一本书，在阅读主要内容之前先读引言或前言是一个好主意。可知，此处内容与解释读 引言或前言的好处有关，因此选项E “这将给你一个关于你要读什么的指南。”符合语境。故 选E。38 .【解析】选 Co 根据下一句 "Even if you ignore them, . . . you' re reading. ” 即使你忽略了它们，你仍然能理解你读的句子的主要意思。可知，此处内容与可以忽略一些 单词有关，具体说明省略哪些单词，因此选项C “你也可以省略诸如the, a, it, to等单 词。”符合语境。故选C。39 .【解析】选 F。根据下一句"In other words, cover each line once you' ve finished reading it. ”换句话说，读完每一行之后就把它覆盖起来。可知，此处内容具体介绍一种 避免重读（reread）的方法。与空格后的解释“盖上每一行你读完的。”相吻合。故选F。40 .【解析】选A。根据下一句有些人在阅读的时候会动嘴唇，大声说话，这将会导致阅读速 度慢。可知，此处是本段小标题，说的是要避免大声朗读。因此选项A “避免大声朗读。”符 合语境。故选A。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Corks is now an incredibly happy and loving dog with a love for life. However, you might never guess the 41 story of his past.Late last year, Corks was found 42 . Doctors believed that he might have been dragged（拖寸曳）behind a car, causing serious injuries to his legs. Corks was treated and placed in a 43, but the scars （伤疤）of the wound he' d experienced ran.Rescuers from Dogs Without Borders stepped in to 45 him. " Careful of people and considered 46 , Corks was about to be put down at the shelter, “ Corks' rescuers wrote. "He had lost so much 47 in humans.Now, at least, Corks was safe. In time, Corks' body began to recover, 48 his heart was slow to follow. Hearing Corks' story, Wilson 49 to take him in一soon realizing that Corks clearly wasn' t used to kindness. Under Wilson' s 50 and constant doting, the sad dog began to open up to her. Wilson said, “ At first, 51 to let a single person touch him, he now loves to jump up and 52 me with kisses all over the face.Corks, who was once considered broken, was whole again. 53 the difficulties he had faced, a happier life was never out of reach. His happiness and joy now 54. “He amazes me every day. " Wilson said. "Getting a dog like Corksto trust you can be 55 , but love and patience can truly work miracles （奇迹）.” 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了因为被人类伤害而失去对人类信任的小狗Corks, 在一名救援人员威尔逊的悉心照顾和宠爱下，重新恢复了对人类信任的故事。41. A. excitingB. interestingC. happyD. sad【解析】选D。句意：然而，你可能永远猜不到他过去的悲惨故事。However表示前后的转折， 说明Corks虽然如今是一只开心快乐的狗，但是它曾经也有很悲惨的故事。故选Do 42. A. deadB. woundedC. lostD. confused【解析】选B。句意：去年年底，Corks被发现受伤了。根据后文“the scars of the wound”可知Corks受了伤。故选BoA. shelterB. hospitalC. zooD. clinic【解析】选A o句意：Corks接受了治疗，并被安置在收容所，但他所经历的伤口的伤疤更 深了。根据后文中uCorks was about to be put down at the shelter”可知它被安置在收 容所里。故选A。43. A. smallerB. shorterC. deeperD. shallower【解析】选C。句意：Corks接受了治疗，并被安置在收容所，但他所经历的伤口的伤疤更深了。结合后文uCareful of people. . . v可知Corks对人极度不信任，说明虽然它肉体上 的伤口好了，但是它内心的伤疤其实更深了。故选C。44. A. monitorB. encounterC. saveD. comfort【解析】选Co句意：“Dogs Without Borders,组织的救援人员介入拯救他。根据上文 “Rescuers from Dogs Without Borders stepped in to” 可知救援人员是来拯救内心有创 伤的Corks的。故选CoA. unadoptableB. gentleC. extraordinaryD. adorable【解析】选A。句意：“Corks对人很小心，被认为是不可收养的，即将被放在避难所，” Corks 的救援人员写道。结合后文 “Corks was about to be put down at the shelter,可 知Corks因为不信任人类，被认为不可被收养，要被放入收容所了。故选A。45. A. trustB. powerC. hateD. duty【解析】选A。句意：他对人类失去了太多的信任。结合上文“ he might have been dragged behind a car, causing serious injuries to his legs. ” 可矢口 Corks 对人类失去了信任， 变得对人很小心。故选A。46. A. soB. andC. butD. for【解析】选C o随着时间的推移，Corks的身体开始恢复，但他的心却迟迟没有恢复。结合 上下文语境可知为转折关系，应用转折连词but。故选C。47. A. pretendedB. volunteeredC. hesitatedD. struggled【解析】选B。句意：听了 Corks的故事后，威尔逊自愿提出接纳他一一不久她就意识到Corks 显然不习惯友善。根据上文“Hearing Corks' story”可知威尔逊是在听了 Corks的故事后, 自愿提出接纳Corks的。故选B。48. A. educationB. controlC. ruleD. care【解析】选D。句意：在威尔逊的照顾和不断的宠爱下，这只伤心的狗开始向她敞开心扉。根 据后文 uand constant doting, the sad dog began to open up to her. ”可知威尔逊照 顾并宠爱Corks。故选D。51. A. gratefulB. unluckyC. eagerD. unwilling【解析】选1)。句意：威尔逊说：“一开始，它不愿意让任何人碰它，现在它喜欢跳起来，用 嘴亲我的脸来和我打招呼。”结合上文提到Corks对人很防备，可知一开始它是不愿意和人 接触的。故选D。52. A. scaresB. bitesC. greetsD. helps【解析】选C。句意：威尔逊说：“一开始，它不愿意让任何人碰它，现在它喜欢跳起来，用 嘴亲我的脸来和我打招呼。”根据后文“me with kisses all over the face”可知Corks 用亲吻威尔逊脸的方式和威尔逊打招呼。故选C。53. A. DespiteB. BesidesC. Without D.Among【解析】选A。句意：尽管他曾面临过种种困难的事，但更幸福的生活从来就不是遥不可及的。 结合上下文语境可知，此处表示尽管(Despite),故选A。54. A. die outB. shine throughC. fade awayD. go off【解析】选B。句意：他的幸福和喜悦现在正表现出来。根据文章第一句可知Corks的幸福和 喜悦现在正表现出来。故选B。55. A. rightB. wrongC. easyD.