20212022学年新教材高中英语单元形成性评价四Unit4Friendsforever练习含解析外研版必修第一册.docx

单元形成性评价（四）Unit 4（120分钟150分）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳 选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。Text 1M: How much are these bags?W: 1 The red ones sell for $5. 5 each and the green ones for $6. 8 each.M: T 11 take two of the cheaper ones then.1. What is the man going to buy?A. $5. 5 for a red one. B. $11 for two red ones.C. $13. 6 for two green ones.答案：BText 2M: "Mr Cheng' s briefing seems to go on forever. I was hardly able to stay awake.W: How could you sleep through that? I think it was very important for the work we are going to carry out.M: Sorry! I promise I' 11 listen carefully.2. What was the feeling of the man?A. He was tired of listening.B. He stayed awake.C. The work was important.答案：AText 3W: What do you plan to do on your vacation?24. What did the author do before meeting her soul mate?A. She chose to stay alone.B. She spent time with other friends.C. She told others about her feelings.D. She pictured a friend in her mind.【解析】选 D。细节理解题。根据第一段 Two years ago I was very lonely and dicin' t talk with anyone about my feelings. . . I started to imagine this friend.可知，作者当 时没有朋友，倍感孤独的她在脑海中想象了一个朋友。25. How did the author get to know her soul mate?A. By taking a walk.B. By attending a party.C. Through a school project.1） . Through a friend* s introduction.【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第二段（几周后，我在学校开始了一个新项目，我和我的一个 同学一起工作。我们以前从未一起工作过，但我们相处得很好。项目结束后，我们开始在学 校共度时光。一天，我们决定去散步。自从那次散步之后，我们就成了朋友。我们倾听并真 正理解对方。）可知，作者参加学校课题时结识了一个朋友，并且最后发展成为挚友。26. What do we know about the author and her soul mate?A. Their friendship is sti11 developing.B. She is the author, s only soul mate.C. They are trying hard to realize their dreams.D. She has little confidence in their friendship.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中now we have known each other for two years and our friendship is growing all the time可知，作者和挚友的友谊口益增进。27. Why is the author thankful for the hard times?A. She went through them easily.B. She has learned a lot from them.C. They have made her suffer.D. They have made her dream come true.【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第四段It hasn, t only been easy. We have gone through both easy and hard times. But I' m grateful for the hard times, because they have forced me to grow and taught me a lot可知，艰难的时光促使作者成长，也教会了她很多， 也就是作者从中学到了很多。CLife is filled with chailenges. As we get older, we come to realize that those challenges are the very things that shape us and make us who we are. It is the same with the challenges that come with friendship. When we are faced with a challenge, we usually have two choices. We can try to challenge it, or we can decide that the thing isn' t worth the trouble and call it quits. Although there are certainly times when calling it quits is the right thing to do, in most case what we needed is commitment （投入）and communication.When we are committed to something, it means that no matter how painful or how uncomfortable something is, we will always choose to face it instead of running away from it. Communi celt ion is making space for discussion and talking about how you feel instead of just saying what the other person did wrong. If you can say to a friend, “I got my feelings hurt, “ rather than “You hurt my feelings, “ you are going to be able to solve the problem much faster.In dealing with many challenges that friendship wi11 bring to you, try to see them for what they are: smal 1 hurdles （栏杆）you need to jump or get through on your way through life. Nothing is so big that it is impossible to get over, and hurt only serves to make us stronger. It' s all part of growing up. It happens to everyone, and some day you will look back on all of this and say, uHard as it was, it made me who I am today. And that is a good thing. ”【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文，文章告诉我们友谊中的挑战有助r我们成长，我们应该正 确对待友谊中的挑战。28. What can we infer from the text?A. Friendship needs challenges.B. Challenges shape our character.C. Small hurdles aren, t worth the trouble.D. Commitment can form friendship.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段As we get older, we come to realize that those challenges are the very things that shape us and make us who we are. It is the same with the challenges that come with friendship.可知，友谊带来的挑战有助于我们的成 长，因此友谊中也需要挑战。29.What does the writer suggest when faced with a challenge?A. One should call it quits.B. One should temporarily run away from it.C. One should be committed and communicate with others.D. One should lay it aside for a while and ask for others' help.【解析】选 C。推理判断题。根据第一段 Although there are certainly times when calling it quits is the right thing to do, in most case what we needed is commitment and communication.可知，作者认为面对友谊中的挑战时，我们需要投入和沟通。30. What does the underlined phrase “call it quits” in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Let go of it.B. Get over it.C. Forget about it.D. Put it aside.【解析】选A。词句猜测题。根据画线短语前的When we are faced with a challenge, we usually have two choices. Wc can try to challenge it, or we can decide that the thing isn' t worth the trouble可知，当面对挑战时，我们通常有两种选择.一种是我们可以试 着挑战它，另一种是我们认定这件事不值得我们费心去做，接下来自然是放弃它，由此可知 画线短语的意思是“放手、放弃”。31. The whole passage is centered on the relationship between friendship and challengesA. communication and friendshipcommitment and communicationB. challenges and the ways to get through【解析】选A。主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段As we get older, we come to realize that those chailenges are the very things that shape us and make us who we are. It is the same with the challenges that come with friendship.可知，本文主要讨论的是友谊和挑战的关系。D(2021 哈尔滨高一检测)What you do after studying could have a big effect on how well you learn and remember. Today on Education Tips, we will explore two no-cost ways that can help you improve your learning: wakeful rest and sleep.When many students finish studying, they often go straight to another activity. Perhaps they look at their phones or computers. They might even play a video game or watch television. But research suggests that resting after your study may help you remember what you have studied.The basic idea is this: by stopping your activity after the study, your brain gets a chance to rest. Resting is difficult when you are playing computer games.While this might sound unusual to you, many studies have explored the benefits of resting after learning-what is called wakeful rest” .A 2019 study found that both young and older adults were able to better remember information they learned after doing wakeful rest.If you want to give uwakeful rest" a try, here are a few simple things to do. Rest quietly for five to ten minutes. Do not look at your phone, read stories or play games. It is really that easy!Besides wakeful rest, sleep is also important for learning. The Division of Sleep Medicine at Harvard Medical School (UMS) notes that sleep helps people to learn in two ways. A report on the schoolr s website explains that ua sleep-deprived person cannot focus attention wel 1 and therefore cannot learn well” . 11 also says, “Sleep itself helps us to memorize and that memorizing is very important for learning new information. ”The National Sleep Foundation (NSF) suggests that adults between the ages of 20 and 64 get between 7 and 9 hours of sleep per day. Teenagers may need a little bit more, and peop1e over the age of 65 may need a little less.Try to get some Mwakeful rest“ after a study. Then try to get a good night, s sleep. That* s ita simple, no-cost way to help you remember what you learn.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为“清醒式休息”的休息方式，指 在学习后停止活动，让大脑有机会休息，从而能更好地记住所学信息。还介绍了这一休息方 式的操作方式，除了清醒式休息，睡眠对学习也很重要，就此介绍了睡眠对人们的影响和各 年龄段的人合适的睡眠时间。32. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. The importance of sleep.B. The good ways to get a rest.C. The reason for having a rest.D. The types of resting activities.【解析】选C。段落大意题。根据第三段The basic idea is this: by stopping your activity after the study, your brain gets a chance to rest. Resting is difficult when you are playing computer games.可知其基本思想是：在学习结束后停止活动，你的大脑就有 机会休息。当你玩电脑游戏时，休息就很困难。由此可知，第三段的主要内容是休息的原因。 33. Which activity might be recommended shortly after studying?A. Reading a newspaper.B. Playing a video game.C. Sitting there doing nothing.D. Having a nice sleep at night.【解析】选C。细节理解题°根据倒数第四段If you want to give uwakeful rest” a try, here are a few simple things to do. Rest quietly for five to ten minutes. Do not look at your phone, read stories or play games. 11 is real ly that easy!可知如果你想 尝试一下“清醒式休息”，这里有一些简单的事情可以做。安静地休息五到十分钟。不要看 你的手机，读故事或玩游戏。真的很简单！由此可知，C项在学习后可能会被推荐。34. How long should teenagers sleep each day according to NSF?A. Less than 7 hours.B. Just 7 hours.C. No more than 9 hours.I). Around 9 hours.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知国家睡眠基金会建议20到64岁的成年 人每天要睡7到9个小时。青少年可能需要多一点，65岁以上的人可能需要少一点。结合选 项可知，根据国家睡眠基金会的说法，青少年每天应该睡大约9个小时。35. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Low-cost Tips on WorkingGood Things to Do After Your StudyB. Why Do We Need to Have a Good Sleep?1） . How Long Should We Rest After Learning?【解析】选B。标题归纳题。根据第一段内容可知学习后做什么对你的学习和记忆有很大的影 响。在今天的教育小贴士中，我们将探索两种免费的方法来帮助你提高你的学习水平：清醒 式休息和睡眠。通读全文，文章主要介绍了一种名为“清醒式休息”的休息方式，指在学习 后停止活动，让大脑有机会休息，从而能更好地记住所学信息。还介绍了这一休息方式的操 作方式，除了清醒式休息，睡眠对学习也很重要，就此介绍了睡眠对人们的影响和各年龄段 人合适的睡眠时间。由此可知，B选项“学习后要去做的好事”最符合文章标题。第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。（2021 温州高一检测）How to avoid leg pain when running?While running is fantastic exercise, it' s also a relatively high-impact activity. Pounding on the pavement can cause leg pain. 36 .Spend longer warming up. If you commonly have leg pain when running, your muscles may not be sufficiently warm. 37 . Then include dynamic stretching in your warm-up routine after a brief walk. These types of stretching can better loosen your leg muscles and prepare them for a run, which may help you avoid leg pain.Evaluate your form. 38 . Get a coach or experienced runner to observe you running and give you tips on what might be causing your leg pain. For example, if you' re leaning too far forward when you run, you can pul 1 too hard on your calves（小 腿）. This can result in the pain of the lower legs.39If you' re getting cramps（抽筋）or other leg pain while running, it may be because you need to build up your cardiovascular（心血管）fitness more gradually. Start by walking or jogging at a slower pace, and slowly work up to faster speeds.Use relaxation techniques while running. Deep breathing and other relaxation techniques give you better mental focus. 40 , which can keep you from developing leg pain. You can find recordings online or on your favorite music app. These recordings can help you focus on your breath and reach a more relaxed state as you run.A. Slow your paceShorten your stepB. Here are some skills to avoid leg painThey also reduce the overall stress in your bodyC. A shorter walk with long steps allows you to avoid leg painTake a few more minutes to wa1k before breaking into a runD. If you frequently have leg pain while running, poor running form is to blame 【文章大意】本文介绍了跑步时避免腿部疼痛的方法，包括花更长时间热身；评估跑步姿势； 跑步时使用放松技巧以及放慢步伐等。36. 【解析】选C。根据卜.文介绍避免腿部疼痛的技巧可知，”以下是一些避免腿部疼痛的技 巧”符合语境，承上启下，故选C。37. 【解析】选F。上文提到“花更长时间热身。如果你跑步时经常腿痛，你的肌肉可能热身 不够。，结合下文“然后在短暂步行后的热身运动中加入动态拉伸。”可以推断“在开始 跑步前，多走几分钟”符合语境,before breaking into a run是关键词。另外下文中的Then 和after a brief walk也是重要提示词。故选F。38. 【解析】选G。根据下句“我个教练或有经验的跑步者来观察你的跑步情况，并告诉你 什么可能会导致你的腿痛。”可知，“如果你经常在跑步的时候腿痛，那么糟糕的跑步方式 就是罪魁祸首”符合语境，leg pain是原词复现，选项G中的poor running form is to blame 对应本段主旨句Evaluate your form。故选本【解析】选A。下文中提到“如果你在跑步时出现抽筋或其他腿部疼痛，可能是因为你需 要逐步增强心血管健康。从慢走或慢跑开始，慢慢地提高到更快的速度。”，由此可知“放 慢你的步伐”符合上下文语境，at a slower pace是关键词，故选A。39. 【解析】选D。根据上一句“深呼吸和其他放松技巧能让你更好地集中精神。”可知，“它 们还能减轻你身体的整体压力”符合语境,They指代Deep breathing and other relaxation techniques, 故选 D。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Shortly after moving into a new neighborhood in 2002, I noticed my neighbors all had the same 41 : drive into the driveway, use a remote control to open the garage door, and drive in with the door closing behind them. Everyone had a lawn （草坪）service, which meant nobody worked in their yards. I didn' t know even one of my 42 . My neighborhood needed a 43 .The next Christmas season, it was time to be that change. I sent invitations to invite the neighbors to my home for a Christmas cookie party. However, they all came bringing freshly baked 44 .It was a 45 evening getting to know one another. We discovered we all felt the same way. By the end of the evening someone offered to 46 the cookie exchange the following Christmas. The cookie exchange became an annual tradition.In 2016, I was invited to work with the 47 on a community awareness program. We 48 monthly in a local park, but the cold months were coining. Someone asked, " 49 can we meet during the winter? ”“My house is always open, “ I volunteered cheerfully.An officer sitting behind me said 50 , “Great! How about Thanksgiving dinner? ”“I am agreeing to host the meeting only, “ I said, 51 that idea.As I drove home, the 52 of the officer kept playing in my head. By the time I pulled into my garage, I decided that I would provide 53 for the officers who kept my f'anii ly safe during the hoi iday.I didn, t intend to ask my neighbors for 54 . But then my next-door neighbor 55_ to buy the turkey. Others came to offer salads, side dishes and desserts.It started with a simple idea years ago in the form of a simple invitation.【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者搬到了新社区之后，注意到邻居们的生活都 是一成不变的，甚至没有交流。通过作者的努力，改变了邻居们。40. A. ideaB. habitC. questionD. chance【解析】选B。句意：2002年，我搬到一个新社区不久后，注意到我的邻居们都有一个相同 的习惯(habit):把车开进车道，用遥控器打开车库门，然后开车进去，门在他们身后就关 上了。根据空后的内容可知，此处指习惯(habit),故选B项。41. A. neighborsB. teachersC. colleaguesD. relatives【解析】选A。句意：我甚至连一个邻居都不认识。根据语境可知，作者是新搬来的，所以不 认识周围的邻居，故选A项。42. A. partyB. festivalC. changeD. ceremony【解析】选C。句意：我的邻居需要一个改变。根据第二段的The next Christmas season, it was time to be that change.可知选 C 项。43. A. turkeysB. chickenC. breadD. cookies【解析】选D。句意：邻居们都带来了刚烤好的饼干。根据前文的a Christmas cookie party 可知，这是一个饼干派对，故选D项。44. A. lonelyB. strangeC. traditionalI), happy【解析】选口。句意：认识彼此是一个快乐的夜晚。根据空后的gelling to know one another 可知，因为能互相认识，可见这是一个开心的夜晚，故选D项。45. A. joinB. hostC. leaveD. enjoy【解析】选B。句意：到了晚上结束的时候，有人提议在下一个圣诞节举办饼干交换活动。根 据下文的The cookie exchange became an annual tradition.可知接下来这个饼干交换活 动成为每年的传统，故选B项。46. A. doctorsB. teachersC. policeC. policeD. workers根据语境和常识可知，C项正确。根据语境和常识可知，C项正确。【解析】选C。句意：我受邀与警察合作社区意识项目。B. started47. A. playedC. gatheredC. gatheredD. exercised【解析】选C。句意:【解析】选C。句意:我们每个月都在当地的公园聚集。根据语境可知，选C项。49. A. WhenB. HowC. WhyD. Whore【解析】选D。句意：有人问：“冬天我们在哪里见面?“根据前文 the cold months werecoming和下文的My house is always open可知冬天临近，大家在讨论应该在哪里见面，故选D项。50. A. defensivelyB. seriouslyC. jokinglyD. independently【解析】选C。句意：坐在我后面的一位警官开玩笑地说：“太棒了！感恩节晚餐怎么样？” 根据语境和语气可知，选C项。51. A. refusingB. consideringC. testingD. discussing【解析】选A。句意：“我只同意主办这次聚会，”我说，拒绝了那个想法。根据前文的“我 只同意主办这次聚会”可知作者拒绝了之前警官的提议，故选A项。52. A. photosB. moviesC. word