河北省邢台市2020届高三英语上学期第一次摸底考试试题含解析.docx

河北省邢台市2020届高三英语上学期第一次摸底考试试题（含解析）注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需 改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。 写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转 涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题L 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. £19. 15 B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15答案是c。1. What is Mike reading?A. A book B. A letter C.A notice2. What does the woman want to do for vacation?A. Go to the beach B. Travel to Colorado C. Learn to snowboard.3. What will the man probably do?A. Take the job. B. Refuse the offer. C. Change the working hours.4. Why is the woman surprised?A. She lost her receipt. B. She broke the timing button. C. She has to pay for the repair.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. Organizing an activity B. Reading a book. C. Managing time.第二节（共15小题;每小题L 5分，满分22.5分） 现目前只适用于新朋友的形成，地位象征在其他时候和其他场合可能是有益的，比如在试图 建立新的业务联系时。”）可知Patricia Chen认为昂贵的身份标志性的物品不一定就是有 害的，它有可能会帮助人在生意上取得成功。可知Patricia Chen对待身份象征的态度是积 极的。故选A。【点睛】词义猜测题猜词技巧阅读理解的测试中经常有猜测词、短语、习语意义的题目，这些词、短语、习语要么是生词, 要么是熟词新义，单靠平时积累是不够的，还要掌握一定的做题技巧。总结如下： 根据构词法（转化、合成、派生）进行判断（2）根据文中的定义、解释猜生词；利用事例或解释猜生词；利用重复解释的信息猜生词 根据上下文的指代关系进行选择：文章中的代词it, that, he, him或them可以指上文 提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指一件事。（4）根据转折或对比关系进行判断：根据上下句 连接词，如but, however, otherwise等 就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。根据因果关系进行判断：俗话说，“有因必有果，有果必有因"。根据原因可以预测结 果，根据结果也可以找出原因。（6）根据同位关系进行判断：阅读中有时出现新词、难词，后面就跟着一个同位语，对前面 的词进行解释，有时这种解释也用连词“or”连接。例如：利用标点符号和提示词猜测词义。分号（；）还可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。破 折号表示解释说明。如第小题，根据下文 Scientists prove that expensive status symbols make you look less socially attractive.（科学家证明，昂贵的身份象征会让你在社交上显得不那么有 吸引力。）可知昂贵的身份标志性的物品不利于交友，而喜欢炫耀的人可能会没有朋友。故可 知划线部分单词意思为“炫耀”。故选A。DAbout one million adults in the USA need someone to help them eat. Researchers at the University of Washington are working on a robotic system that can help make it easier. After identifying different food on a plate, the robot can decide how to use a fork to pick up and deliver the desired bite to a person s mouth.“Being dependent on a caregiver to feed every bite every day takes away aperson，s sense of independence, “said the researcher. “Our goal with this project is to give people a bit more control over their lives the idea was to develop a feeding system that would be attached to wheelchairs and feed people whatever they wanted to eat.“When we started the project, we realized there are so many ways that people can eat a piece of food depending on its size, shape or consistency （坚实度）， said the researcher, “So we set up an experiment to see how humans eat common foods. ”The researchers arranged plates with about a dozen different kinds of food, ranging in consistency from hard carrots to soft bananas, Then the team gave volunteers a fork and asked them to pick up different pieces of food and feed them to a model. The fork contained a sensor to measure how much force people used when they picked up food.To design a feeding strategy that changes based on the food item, the researchers combined two different algorithms （算法）.First they used an object-detection algorithm called Retina Net, which scans the plate, identifies the types of food on it and places a frame around each item. Then they developed SPNet, an algorithm that examines the type of food in a specific frame and tells the robot the best way to pick up the food.The team is currently working with the Taskar Center for Accessible Technology to get advice from caregivers and patients on how to improve the system to meet people，s need.12. Why do the researchers work on the robotic system?A. To help old people live a normal life.B. To help people improve their health.C. To release people from heavy housework.D. To make some people more independent.13. How does the robotic system work?A. By picking up some soft food.B. By picking out food on thewheelchair.C. By working with some nurses.D. By observing and deliveringfood.14. What can be inferred about the robotic system?A. It needs further research.B. It has come onto the market.C. It is suitable for any disabled person. D. It has won people，s great concern.15. What may be the best title for the text?A. The process of inventing a robotic system.B. A new way to help those who don，t like eating.C. Robotic feeders for humans are coming into being.D. Caregivers are going to lose their jobs in the future.【答案】12. D 13. D 14. A 15. C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。为了让那些需要他人喂饭的人生活更加独立，研究人员通过观察和实验研发 出一种“会喂饭的机器人系统”。这种“会喂饭的机器人系统”通过观察，从而识别不同的 食物,最后选择最合理的方法把食物送到人的嘴里。该团队目前正与塔斯卡尔无障碍技术中 心合作，就如何改进系统以满足人们的需求征求护理人员和患者的意见。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 Our goal with this project is to give people a bit more control over their lives the idea was to develop a feeding system that would be attached to wheelchairs and feed people whatever they wanted to eat.（我们这 个项目的目标是让人们对自己的生活有更多的控制，我们的想法是开发一个喂食系统，可以 连接到轮椅上，让人们想吃什么就吃什么。）可知研究人员研究这种“会喂饭的机器人系统” 是为了让那些坐在轮椅上的残疾人生活更加独立。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句 After identifying different food on a plate, the robot can decide how to use a fork to pick up and deliver the desired bite to a person s mouth.（在识别出盘子里不同的食物后，机器人就可以决定如何用叉子把想要的食物送到 人的嘴里。）可知这种“会喂饭的机器人系统”通过观察,从而识别不同的食物，最后选择最 合理的方法把食物送到人的嘴里。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 The team is currently working with the Taskar Center for Accessible Technology to get advice from caregivers and patients on how to improve the system to meet people's need.（该团队目前正与塔斯卡尔无障碍技术中心合作，就 如何改进系统以满足人们的需求征求护理人员和患者的意见。）可知研究人员正在和Taskar Center for Accessible Technology开展合作，以收集看护人员和病人们对于这种“会喂饭 的机器人系统”的建议，并根据这些建议来改良它，以使它能更好地符合人的需求。由此推出, 这种“会喂饭的机器人系统”还需要进一步的研究。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段 About one million adults in the USA need someone to help them eat. Researchers at the University of Washington are working on a robotic system that can help make it easier.（美国大约有100万成年人需要有人帮助他们吃饭。华盛 顿大学的研究人员正在研究一种机器人系统，它可以帮助简化这一过程。）以及文章主要内 容可知本文主要介绍了一款可以喂人吃饭的机器人系统正在研发中一事。故选Co【点睛】主旨大意题的做题技巧。1）主旨大意题属于归纳概括题。如有标题，标题中蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。2）找准文章的主题句是关键。“主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方法。在答题时，我们 可以：读首句抓大意；读尾句抓大意；读首尾段抓大意。3.）无明显主题句时高频信息词，任一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，有的文章中 最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容 易抓住文章的中心。如第四小题，根据第一段 About one million adults in the USA need someone to help them eat. Researchers at the University of Washington are working on a robotic system that can help make it easier.（美国大约有100万成年人需要有人帮助他们吃饭。华盛 顿大学的研究人员正在研究一种机器人系统，它可以帮助简化这一过程。）以及文章主要内 容可知本文主要介绍了一款可以喂人吃饭的机器人系统正在研发中一事。故选Co第二节（共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。Most college students have their money from their parents, but college is the time for them to begin true responsibility. With the right information at hand and some practice, you can definitely get major financial assistance for college tuition（学费）.16 The following is the ways you should know about.Play a sport 17 I know it is obvious to the football player that sports will increase the possibility, but did you know you can get scholarships for less-known sports? Have a try on golf, sailboat and marathon! A senior year spent learning and perfecting a new sport can lead to a full ride in college.Do voluntary work. Most nonprofits have good scholarships for their volunteers Try volunteers. Try volunteering in your community or a community chapter of a major organization. 18 It can be best to work for an organization that you are familiar with or have a childhood history with.19 Try building a personal connection with someone at a scholarship society. Building a relationship through visits, phone calls, and gifts can make you stand out of the crowd. Remember, these people chose the winners from hundreds of applications a day and a personal touch can really make a difference!Apply early. It can never be too early to apply for a scholarship. Applying early is another way to stand out of the crowd. You can definitely score a better scholarship earlier with much less competition. 20 Applying early can lead to more applications overall, and someone who applies to 100 scholarships against 10 has a much better chance of being awarded! A. Bear in mind B. Keep in touch.C. It can also be a numbers game.D. Living in a poor community may help you a lot.E Some of the highest scholarships are given to college athletes.F.A high level of community service will give you a leg up in college.17. EG. Experience has proven that scholarships will be given to those who deserve it. 【答案】16. G18. F19. F20. B20. C【解析】本文是说明文。文章为我们介绍了在大学里成功申请奖学金的几种方法。【16题详解】根据下文The following is the ways you should know about.（以下是你应该知道的方 法。）为介绍申请奖学金的方法可知大学的奖学金是给那些懂得尽力去争取的学生的，故G 项符合此意。【17题详解】根据下文 I know it is obvious to the football player that sports will increase the possibility, but did you know you can get scholarships for less-known sports?（我 知道这对足球运动员来说很明显，体育运动将增加这种可能性，但你知道你可以为不太出名 的运动获得奖学金吗？）中的“ the football player"，可知这些都是属于运动员（athlete） 的范畴。可知一些最高的奖学金是给大学运动员的。故选E。【18题详解】上文 Try volunteering in your community or a community chapter of a major organization.（尝试在你所在的社区或大型组织的社区分会做志愿者。）讲到要参与社区义 务工作，下文说明这是因为有效的社会义务工作会让你在大学里高人一筹,故F项符合此意。【19题详解】根据下文 Try building a personal connection with someone at a scholarship society.（试着和奖学金协会的人建立个人联系。）以及主要内容可知本段主要讲要通过各种方法和 奖学金评选活动成员保持联络，以增加获选的可能性。故B选“保持联系”符合语境。【20题详解】本段最后一句 Applying early can lead to more applications overall, and someone who applies to 100 scholarships against 10 has a much better chance of being awarded!（提前申请可以带来更多的申请，申请100个奖学金的人比申请10个奖学金的人更有可能 获得奖学金！）可知申请奖学金其实也是一种“数字游戏（numbers game） ”。故选C。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节,满分45分）第一节（共20小题;每小题1. 5分,满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I began to do volunteer work in grade seven. I experienced many meaningful moments, and the most 21 ones were when I was volunteering as a swimming 22 at the YMCA in Brockton, Massachusetts. At first, I was a teacher，s 23 What are we going to do next? "When is the play time? These were just two of the questions I was often 24 there. On the day of my first class, I thought it was going to be a(n) 25. job. I 26 that since I hadtaken swimming lessons from the age of five, I knew the27 about swimming.After all, I was good at al 128 of swimming! 29, I soon found out therewas more about teaching swimming than just knowing how to swim.During my first class, I assisted the swimming teacher in teaching a group of five-year-old kids. From that moment on, my 30 of teaching changed.Teaching is communicating. To instruct children, one has to make the lessons 31 and interesting for them to learn. I had to learn many gamesthat would help the children to 32 as swimmers. Such as “Red Light, GreenLight" and "Blast-Off. I must devote myself to teaching them and set a(n)33 example to them.I expected to teach a group of children, but it 34 my students were the ones who taught me how to be a(n) 35 teacher. Not only was it challenging to learn the children's names, but it was also challenging to 36 to their many personalities and moods. There were many 37 that went along with helpingthese children, among which was seeing a child 38 a task that he or she could not do before they met me.39, through the volunteer work, I learned that there would always be rewards by giving, and there would be 40 by making efforts.21. A. peaceful unforgettable 22. A. learner officialB. optimisticB. athlete23. A. studentB. assistantC. independentD.C. InstructorD.C. colleagueD.servant24. A. asked explained25. A. interesting creative26. A. declared concluded27. A. fareprocess28. A. jobs29. A. However Otherwise30. A. expectation assessment31. A. important flexible32. A. develop introduce33. A. extreme34. A. turned out pointed out35. A. generous helpful36. A. respond37. A. difficulties situations38. A. assign accomplish39. A. RecentlyD.D.D.D.D. stylesD.D.D.D.D. secureD.D.D. objectD.D.D.B. taughtB. ordinaryB. stressedB. trickB. abilitiesB. ThereforeB. instructionB. enjoyableB. promiseB. classicB. figured outB. humorousB. contributefeaturesB. organizeB. OccasionallyC. doubtedC. challengingC. assume dC. ambitionC. componentsC. MoreoverC. requirementC. famousC. discussC. activeC. came outC. outspokenC. stickC. achievementsB. recognizeC. ImportantlySuddenly40. A. adventuresB. gainsC. contestsD. dreams26. C 27. B 28. D 29.【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. BA 30. D31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A35. D 36. A37. C 38.D 39. C 40. B【解析】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者曾经参加了一次教孩子们游泳 志愿者活动。通过这个活动, 作者学会了如何当一个合格的老师，并感悟了 “付出总有回报，努力就有收获”的人生哲理。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我经历了许多有意义的时刻，其中最难忘的是我在马萨诸塞州 布罗克顿的基督教青年会(YMCA)当一名游泳教练。A. peaceful和平的；B. optimistic乐 观的；C. independent重要的；D. unforgettable难忘的。作者经历过很多次志愿者活动, 但文章讲的这一次是他最难忘的(unforgettable) o故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我经历了许多有意义的时刻，其中最难忘的是我在马萨诸塞州布 罗克顿的基督教青年会(YMCA)当一名游泳教练。A. learner 初学者；B. athlete运动 员;C. instructor指导者；D. official官员。作者是去教孩子们如何游泳，是一个指导员 (instructor)的角色。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我是一个老师的助理。A. student学生；B. assistant 助 手；C. colleague同事；D. servant仆人。那次志愿者工作的第一天,作者当的是老师的一 个助手(assistant) o故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“下一步我们要做什么？”“游戏时间是什么时候？”这只是我经 常被问到的两个问题。A. asked询问；B. taught教；C. doubted怀疑；D. explained解 释。孩子们天生爱玩，在学游泳的时候总是问(asked)作者问题。故选A。【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上第一堂课的那天，我以为这将是一份普通的工作。A. interesting 有趣的；B. ordinary 普通的；C. challenging 挑战的；I), creative 有创造 力的。由于作者很小就开始学习游泳,知道游泳的窍门,所以就觉得教小孩子游泳是一件很普 通的(ordinary)事情。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想，自从我五岁开始上游泳课以来，我就知道游泳的诀窍了。A. declared 宣称；B. stressed 强调；C. assume 设想；D. concluded 推断。根据下文内 容可知是作者自己设想的，故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，自从我五岁开始上游泳课以来，我就知道游泳的诀窍了。A. fare 费用;B. trick 诀窍;C. ambition 野心;D. process 过程。根据上文 since I had taken swimming lessons from the age of five可知作者五岁开始上游泳课，知道游泳的 诀窍。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:毕竟，我擅长各种泳姿!A. jobs职业;B. abilities能力;C. components组件;D. styles泳姿。作者知道游泳的窍门，擅长各种泳姿（styles）。故选D。【29题详解】考查连接词辨析。句意：然而，我很快发现，教游泳不仅仅是知道如何游泳。A. However 然而；B. Therefore 因此；C. Moreover 此外；D. Otherwise 否则。然而（however）,作者 发现事情并没有那么简单。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那一刻起，我对教学的看法发生了变化。A. expectation期 待；B. instruction 指令；C. requirement 要求；D. assessment 评定；看法。前面说到 作者认为教小孩子游泳是很简单的，但实际上并非如此,所以推此作者对于教孩子游泳的看 法（assessment）改变了。故选 D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了指导孩子，我们必须使课程有趣，让他们学习。A. important 重要的；B. enjoyable有趣的；C. famous有名的;D. flexible灵活的。作者不得不把自 己的“课”变得有趣（enjoyable）,以便小孩们能学会。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须学习许多能帮助孩子们发展为游泳运动员的游戏。A. develop发展；B. promise承诺；C.discuss讨论；I）, introduce介绍。作者还学了很多 游戏来帮助孩子们朝会游泳的人的方向发展（develop） o故选A。【33题详解】听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题What happened to the man last weekend?A. He made food. B. He took care of his grandma. C.His house burned down.6. Why will the man be late to the woman, s office?A. He has to buy his lunch. B. He has to do his homework. C. He has to make food for his grandma.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. Where didthe man get the tomatoes?A. He boughtthem i