河北省唐山市20202021学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题含解析.docx

河北省唐山市2020-2021学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在 本试卷上无效。第I卷（共95分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下 一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where are Jimmy's socks?.A. On his bed.B. On his feet.C. On the floor.【答案】B【解析】【原文】 M: Mum, I can' t find my socks on my bed.W: Where did you put them?M: I can' t remember anything. I was too tired and fell asleep quickly last night.W: Have you searched the floor? Look, Jimmy! What are those on your feet?2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What did the man think caused most accidents?A. Driving too fast.B. Getting up too late.C. Drinking toomuch.【答案】C【解析】about which teeth are likely to go at specific ages. Of course, the ages aren，t quite exact, but at least I know where we' re heading.sight of GabrieT s tooth gap?A. Angry.B. Anxious.Helpless.24. How did the author feel at theDisappointed.25. When did Gabriel probably lose his tooth?In class.While having lunch.A. After school.C. While falling down the stairs.26. What can we know from paragraph 3?A. Gabriel received 20 shiny coins.B. The couple made fun of Gabriel.C. The writer accepted GabrieT s growth.D. The fairy visited Gabriel on Friday night.27. What is the best title for the text?A. The Missing ToothB. Focus Less on LossC. A Letter to the Tooth FairyD. Cash in on Teeth【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述孩子掉了一颗乳牙，描写自己对待孩子成长的情绪变化。【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Straight away I noticed a gap on the bottom row of his teeth. I felt my heart stop for a moment. At first I thought perhaps he had had some accident, such as falling down the stairs. Gabriel wasn，t old enough to lose teeth, was he?!”（我立刻注意到他的牙齿下排有一个缺口。我感到我的心脏停止了一会儿。起初我以为他可 能出了什么事故，比如从楼梯上摔下来。加布里埃尔还不到掉牙的年龄，是吗！）可知，作者 发现孩子掉了颗牙，原来以为孩子不到掉牙的年龄，担心孩子是出了事故，心脏还紧张一会 儿，所以推断作者当时心情焦虑。故选B项。25题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中 “He remembered eating a cake at lunchtime, and later when he checked in the mirror, his tooth was gone!”（他记得午饭时吃了一块蛋糕，后来当他照镜子的时候，他的牙齿不见了！）可以推断，他是在吃午饭的时候掉的牙。故选D项。 【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“I admit I did feel a little emotional. We focused the early years on his teeth growing, but now Gabriel would lose all those baby teeth and get adult ones!"（我承认我确实有点情绪激动。我们早年专注于他的牙齿生长，但现在Gabriel 将失去所有的乳牙，长出成人的牙齿！）以及后文讲述的儿童换牙时期所做的一些事情，给牙 仙子写信，告知爸爸等可知，作者一开始情绪紧张，到现在已经接受了 Gabriel的成长。故 选C项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者围绕着孩子掉的一颗牙，描写了自己的从情绪焦虑到接受 孩子的成长，再到为孩子的成长而感到骄傲。所以，选项A “丢失的牙齿”点明主题，简明扼 要，吸引读者，适合做标题。故选A项。CA Japanese company has created a z，smart “ mask （口 罩）that aims to improve communication for people wearing face coverings to prevent the spread of COVID-19.The use of face masks has become the new common practice in parts of the world still struggling to reduce the spread of the coronavirus. However, masks and other kinds of coverings can affect the quality of communication between wearers. The wearable electronic device （设备）called the c 一 mask “ is meant to fit over other kinds of face masks commonly worn by the public. It's designed to better the exchange of conversation in such conditions.The c 一 mask with a built-in microphone has holes in the front to let air in. When turned on, the mask uses Bluetooth technology to connect to a mobile device. An app then helps users do several actions, including turning speech into text, completing telephone calls and making the user，s voice louder. The device can also translate a person，s voice from Japanese into eight other languages.Taisuke Ono, head of Donut Robotics, said the company was able to collect money to develop the smart mask through an activity on the Japanese crowdfunding （众筹） service Fundinno. He noted that the effort got $265, 000 in just the first 37 minutes.It would usually take three or four months to collect that kind of money.The company produced a working model of the mask within a month. Ono said the company plans to ship its first 5, 000 c 一 masks to buyers in Japan. He is also looking to sell the devices in China, the United States and Europe and says he has received strong interest in the product.28. Why does the Japanese company develop the c 一 mask?A. To increase their sales at home and abroad.B. To help mask wearers communicate better.C. To prevent the wide spread of the coronavirus.D. To raise more money for the mask production.29. What can we learn about the c mask according to the text?A. It can deal with all the languages in the world.B. It should be worn inside the common face mask.C. It is connected to a mobile device through an app.D. It has got great public support 30. What is Taisuke 0no,s attitude A. Positive.C. Uninterested.31. Where is this text most likelyA. A diary.C. A magazine.【答案】28. B 29. D 30. Athrough Fundinno.towards the future of the c 一 mask?B. Doubtful.D. Worried.from?B. A brochure.D. A novel.31. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍日本一家公司研发的一款“智能” 口罩，它旨在改善戴口罩者 的沟通，防止C0VIDT9传播。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段 A Japanese company has created a "smart " mask （口 罩）thataims to improve communication for people wearing face coverings to prevent the spread of COVID-19“日本一家公司研发了一款“智能” 口罩，旨在改善戴口罩者的沟通，防止C0VID-19传播。”由此可知，日本公司开发c -口罩是为了帮助戴口罩的人更好地沟通。故 选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中 Taisuke Ono, head of Donut Robotics, said the company was able to collect money to develop the smart mask through an activity on the Japanese crowdfunding (众筹)service Fundinno. uDonut Robotics 公司负责人大野太郎(Taisuke Ono) 表示，该公司通过在日本众筹服务机构Fundinno上开展的一项活动，筹到了开发这款智能口 罩的资金。”由此可知，智能口罩通过Fundinno得到了公众的大力支持。故选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 The company produced a working model of the mask within a month. Ono said the company plans to ship its first 5, 000 c masks to buyers in Japan. He is also looking to sell the devices in China, the United States and Europe and says he has received strong interest in the product. ”该公司在一个月内就生产 出了这种口罩的工作模型。小野说，该公司计划向日本买家发货首批5000个c -口罩。他还 希望在中国、美国和欧洲销售这款设备，并表示对这款产品产生了浓厚的兴趣。”由此推知， Taisuke Ono对智能口罩未来的态度是“积极的”。故选A。【31题详解】推理判断题。文章介绍日本一家公司研发的一款“智能” 口罩，它旨在改善戴口罩者的沟通， 防止C0VID-19传播。它最有可能来自“一本杂志”。故选C。DAs part of the self-esteem (自尊心)movement in the 1970s, parents were often told to give their children positive feedback along the lines of Great job or You' re so smart. But, as some leading researchers put it, praise also has a dark side.This is because praising the result (It' s beautiful!) or the person ("You' re so smart!" ) encourages the child to focus on those things. She might feel anxious about her behaviour. He might question the conditionality (条件性)of your love. He might become more inspired by a parent，s pleasure than by the process that led to it.One of the guides is to praise the process, not the person. To test this, Dr.Dweck and her team praised two groups of children in different ways-one on their efforts, the other on their selves, and researched what happened. It turned out that children praised on their efforts became more confident and felt encouraged to try new things. Even if they failed at first, they were able to work through the solution by applying themselves.We communicate our values through praise. One of those values is autonomy （自 主性）， so it's helpful to praise what your children have control over. This helps keep expectations possible to achieve, and also encourages them to continue doing the activity.Besides, guard against overpraise. It can lead to “praise addiction； ' in which a child acts on purpose to earn praise. There，s another risk, too children can sense when praise is not genuine, because even a little child can sense what is real. So instead of saying You're the smartest boy in the world!v , consider simply describing what you observed your child doing: Wow! You dug a big hole in the sandbox with your truck!” This puts more stress on the behavior without setting an impossibly high standard.32. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The behaviour of children praised for the result.B. The reasons for praising the result or the person.C. The advice on how to praise children in the right way.D. The disadvantages of praising the result or the person.33. Dr. Dweck and her team carried out the research by A.listing some dataB.trying outsome guidesC.making a contrastD.talkingwiththe parentsWhat does the underlined word "genuine" in the last paragraph probably mean?A.Specific.B.True.C.Professional.D.Awkward.34. What does the text recommend parents do?A. Assess children with too high a standard.B. Praise the outcome rather than the process.C. Give children nothing but positive feedback.D. Praise what children can complete in their power.【答案】32. D 33. C 34. B 35. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述父母应该用合适的方法表扬孩子，及表扬的侧重点和策略。【32题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“But, as some leading researchers put it, praise also has a dark side."（但是，如同一些主要研究人员说的，表扬会起反作用。）及第二段"She might feel anxious about her behaviour. He might question the conditionality of your love. He might become more inspired by a parent，s pleasure than by the process that led to it.”（她会对自己的行为感到焦虑。他会质疑你对他的爱是有条件的。比起过程， 他会更容易被父母的快乐鼓舞）可知，第二段是对第一段最后一句话的具体描述，主要讲表 扬结果或个人的缺点，故选D项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段 “To test this, Dr. Dweck and her team praised two groups of children in different ways-one on their efforts, the other on their selves, and researched what happened. （为了证实这一点，Dr. Dweck和她的团队用不同的方式表扬 2组儿童。一组表扬他们的努力，另一组表扬他们自己，并研究会发生什么。）可知，Dr. Dweck 和她的团队通过对照实验研究，不同的表扬方式会对2组儿童有什么影响，故选C项。【34题详解】词义推测题。根据下文 “because even a little child can sense what is real.（因为 小孩能感觉到什么是真的）可推测，作者告诫父母不要过度表扬孩子，因为小孩能感觉到表 扬的真假，所以genuine的词义应与文中的real一致，意为“真的”，故选B项35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “This puts more stress on the behavior without setting an impossibly high standard. n （这就要把重点放在行为本身，而不是设置一些不可能做到的 高标准。）可知，父母应该根据孩子的能力，表扬他们依靠自己的能力所完成的事，故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。How to Keep Calm Under PressureExam pressure, job interviews and public speeches can all make you feel rather nervous-your heart' s racing, your voice sounds strange and your mind goes empty.36 Here are three easy and effective tips that can help you keep calm.37 Take a deep breath through your nose for five seconds, hold it for a second, then push all the air out through your nose, slowly, counting to five. Repeat a few times and you，11 feel calmer. By breathing deeply and slowly, you can change the message your brain，s receiving from ,danger" to “all is well” .Second, try humming （哼曲子）.38 Studies in how we control heart rate haveshown that humming can affect one of the most important parts of the body: the vagus nerve （交感神 经），which is like a superhighway of communication, connecting the brain to the heart, lungs and stomach, voice box, ears, and so on. So the next time you feel your heart racing, sing a song or just hum a note.The final tip is to focus. When you are busy, you wish to do several things at the same time, but if you want to stay calm and actually get things done, don，t.39 When you do two things at once, it has to change between them very rapidly and floods your body with stress hormones （荷尔蒙）.So break your task down into small parts or steps, circle the one thing you need to do next and forget about the other tasks until their time comes. 40 A. Why are you so nervous?B. What can you do to help?C. It will make things worse.D. Only a single note or a song will do.E. First, slow your breathing way down.F. This method is used by sports coaches to help athletes focus.G. Studies show that your brain can only do one thing at a time.【答案】36. B 37. E 38. D 39. G 40. F【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了几种在压力下保持镇定的方法。【36题详解】上文 “Exam pressure, job interviews and public speeches can all make you feel rather nervous-your hearts racing, your voice sounds strange and your mind goes empty.（考 试压力、工作面试和公开演讲都会让你感到相当紧张一一你的心跳加速、声音怪异、头脑空 空。）”说明在压力之下人会出现各种紧张状态，B项“What can you do to help?（做点什么 能够得到缓解呢?）”承上启下,引出下文“Here are three easy and effective tips that can help you keep calm （这儿有一些简单有效的方法可以帮你保持镇定）”。故选B项。37题详解】本艮据上文 “Here are three easy and effective tips that can help you keep calm.（这 儿有一些简单有效的方法可以帮你保持镇定。）”和下一段句首uSecond, try humming （哼 曲子）.（第二，尝试哼曲子。）”可知，此处应该开始介绍解压的第一种方法，E项“First, slow your breathing way down.（第一，放慢你的呼吸。）”介绍了第一种方法。故选E项。【38题详解】根据上文uSecond, try humming （哼曲子）.（第二,尝试哼曲子。）”可知此段讲述哼曲子如 何解压， 下文 “So the next time you feel your heart racing, sing a song or just hum a note.（因此，当你感到心率加快的时候，唱一首歌或仅仅哼一首调子。）”是对前文的总结, D项“Only a single note or a song will do.（仅仅哼一个调子或唱一首歌就会起作用。）” 和下文相呼应。故选D项。【39题详解】不艮据上文 “The final tip is to focus. When you are busy, you wish to do several things at the same time, but if you want to stay calm and actually get things done, don't.（最后一个技巧是集中注意力。当你忙的时候，你希望同时做几件事，但如果你想保持冷静, 把事情做好，那就不要这样做。）”可知，此段给出的建议是集中注意力，下文“When you do two things at once, it has to change between them very rapidly and floods your body with stress hormones （荷尔蒙）.（当你同时做两件事的时候，你的身体就会迅速地在这两件 事之间改变，让你的身体充满压力荷尔蒙。）”说明同时做两件事会增加压力，G项"Studies show that your brain can only do one thing at a time.（研究表明，你的大脑一次性只 能做一件事。）”承上启下。故选G项。【40题详解】上文 “So break your task down into small parts or steps, circle the one thing you need to do next and forget about the other tasks until their time comes.（所以， 把 你的任务分解成小的部分或步骤，圈出你接下来要做的一件事，然后忘记其他的任务，直到 时间到来。）”讲述的是集中注意力解压的办法，F项“This method is used by sports coachesto help athletes focus.（这种方法被体育教练用来帮助运动员集中注意力。）”承接上文， 选项中的this method指代上文提到的方法。故选F项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分、满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Every weekend, my father would go to the park to feed the homeless. I really didn，t understand my father，s 41 into it. But 1 was glad I didn，t have to 42 him, because I knew how much trouble my father had just getting everything ready.Then, one Friday night I was 43 a whole wonderful weekend by myself again when my dad came in.I need your help tomorrow. Some 44 won' t make it. ”“Dad. I can't." I 45, but failed.When we arrived, people were already there 46 us. I was 47 that my dad knew most of them by name and even what each one needed. While my father was feeding them, I started handing out some 48, It was at that time that I 49a girlabout my age was barefoot （光月却）.I looked into her clear eyes for a moment,50believing someone of my age could live like this. It was lucky that we took some51. “Thank you! she cried happily when I 52 her the shoes. I feltall 53 inside as I watched her leave.Now I 54 why my father did so much to help the homeless. I could 55heheloved seeing their smiles of happiness.I did too.41. A. attempt42. A. face43. A. celebrating44. A. volunteers45. A. demanded46. A. referring toover47. A. confusedB. developmentB. standB. expectingB. officialsB. protestedB. laughing atB. surprisedc.changeD.effortc.joinD.stopc.wastingD.missingc.expertsD.athletesc.recommendedD