2023届辽宁省沈阳市高三教学质量监测（一）英语试题（含答案解析）.docx

2023届辽宁省沈阳市高三教学质量监测（一）英语试题学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、阅读理解Office Assistant-The Green Army Pty Ltd.Our client is one of the fastest growing solar renewable energy companies in Australia.Please attach a letter as to why you feel you are suited to this role.What we're offering:Full trainingOngoing supportAbout you:PassionTeamworkExcellent communication skillsIf this sounds like you and you are keen to be part of a great team, then hit the APPLY button now.Sales Assistants-Surge Direct Pty LtdWe are Australia's fastest growing sales company!What we're offering:Wonderful working environment and a genuine, young, family-like culture.Sightseeing on usplaces you've never heard of with the best team!About you: 18+Permanent Australian residentAnimal Attendant-Imparra Pet MotelImparra Pet Motel is a family owned and operated pet boarding facility for dogs and cats.About you:ProfessionSympathyroom. "There are only eleven girls in Verden, and everybody makes the team.High-school sports is the biggest thing that happens in Verden, so I shouldn't have been surprised when Lauren announced she was going out for the girls' basketball teams-Lady Tiger. But I was. My wife and I never told Lauren that she was disabled. We didn't want her to feel different from other children. She has Down syndrome （唐氏综合征）.What if the other girls on the team failed to accept her? What if Lauren spent most of her time on the bench? What if she got injured during the game? What should I say to the coach?The next afternoon, I parked by the basketball court."Hey, Johnny,Coach Forthythe called. "We're glad Lauren came out for the team.“Well, Mr. Forthythe, you know we don't expect you to play her in a game, just include her when you can.”The game arrived the next Sunday. I settled into a seat on the second row with my wife. Moments later, a train of girls chugged out of the locker room. Last in line was Lauren. I stood along with the crowd and clapped. She searched the stands, spotted us and waved broadly.The game got off to a good start, but soon Verden was behind. I gazed at Lauren, the most excited on the team. She slapped （拍打）her knee when the opponents scored. Her arms moved around in the air each time Verden shot. Even though she wasn't playing, she looked as if she were having the time of her life. Now, I felt admiration for my daughter. Her team was getting beat, yet she still enjoyed the action.Just less than two minutes were left, and Verden was down by 17 points. Coach called a time-out. Then boomed the announcer's voice, "Number thirty-three, Lauren, in for the Lady Tigers.” 注意：1 .续写词数应为150左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。With a slap on her back, Coach sent Lauren running onto the court.“Did you see? Dad and Mum. I scored! I made a basket!”参考答案:1. C 2. D 3, D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个招聘岗位及相关要求。1 .细节理解题。根据 Sales Assistants-Surge Direct Pty Ltd 部分“Sightseeing on us-places youe never heard of with the best team!（与最好的团队一起游览我们从未听说过的地方！户可 知，Surge Direct Pty Ltd的销售助理可以获得免费旅行的福利。故选C。2 .推理判断题。根据 Animal Attendant-Imparra Pet Motel 部分"Availability365 days a year（可工作时间每年365天户推知，如有需要，申请人必须在正常工作时间以外工作。 故选D。3 .细节理解题。根据 Administrative Assistant-Results Legal 部分“You may just be starting your career in Administration or you may be a University student, who is looking to expand your legal skills and experience in a professional work environment while studying.（你可能冈U刚开始 你的行政职业生涯，也可能是一名大学生，在学习期间，他希望在专业的工作环境中拓展你 的法律技能和经验）”可知，Results Legal最有可能雇佣法律系学生。故选D。4 . B 5. A 6. D 7. D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者简要介绍了法国第二大城市马赛，并讲述了自己在那里吃饭 的经历。4 .推理判断题。根据第一段前两句"I'm in the area of Noailles in Marseille, France's second largest city and its main trade seaport. Some small shops sell vegetables, meat, and, it seems, all the spices of the Middle East.（我现在在法国第二大城市和主要贸易海港马赛的诺埃勒地区。 一些小商店出售蔬菜、肉类，似乎还有所有的中东香料。）”可知，在马赛有很多交易在进行， 即它是商业化的。故选B项。5 .细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句"For another, the restaurants do serve bouillabaisse, but when I see the price at one place I am shocked: 69 euros! No bowl of soup should cost that much.（另一方面，这里的餐厅确实供应鱼汤，但当我看到一家餐厅的价格时，我震惊了:69 欧元! 一碗汤不应该那么贵。）”可知，作者离开那家埃尔及利亚的饭馆是这家店的鱼汤太贵了， 即收费不合理。故选A项。6 .细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句"Tired of the rush and expense of life in larger cities, the newcomers come looking for the more relaxed Mediterranean way of life.（厌倦了 大城市生活的匆忙和昂贵，新来者来到这里寻找更轻松的地中海生活方式。户可知，新来者选择马赛是 为了过一种轻松悠闲的生活。故选D项。7 .推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章重点介绍了作者吃饭的经历，且根据倒数第二段前两 句“More and more young, talented people are discovering that Marseille is an ideal place to live. There is also a growing number of Parisians moving here every year.（越来越多有才华的年轻人 发现马赛是一个理想的居住地。每年也有越来越多的巴黎人搬到这里。厂可知，马赛作为一 个港口城市吸引越来越多年轻人，说明本文主要介绍了马赛市的吸引人之处，因此这篇文章 最后可能出自杂志的旅游栏目。故选D项。8 . B 9. B 10. D 11. A【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了在对在战斗中失踪人员搜索的努力。8 .细节理解题。根据第一段“Instead, the message said he wasn't coming home: His B-29 had been lost over Mukden and he was later declared MIA （missing in action）.（相反，这条消息说 他不会回家了：他的B-29在Mukden上空失踪了，后来他被宣布为MIA）可知，第一段的 电报是关于Charles Krueger的失踪。故选B项。9 .细节理解题。根据第二段“The job of finding them falls to DPAA （Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency）, created in 2015 after critics charged that the previous MIA search process was slow, and behind on innovations in science and technology. （寻找彳也们的工作落在了 DPAA（国防战俘/失踪人员会计机构）身上，该机构成立于2015年，此前批评人士指责之前的 失踪人员搜寻过程缓慢，缺乏科学技术创新）可知，人们批评之前的MIA搜索过程是因为 需要的时间长，而且缺乏创造性。故选B项。10 .推理判断题。根据倒数第二段""Teaming up with academic scientists introduces new ways of thinking/9 says military historian Michael Dolski. "Working with partners allows us to tap into their technologies and capabilities in ways that we just can't maintain." （“与学术科学家合作弓I 入了新的思维方式。与合作伙伴合作使我们能够以我们无法维持的方式利用他们的技术和 能力。“）推知，迈克尔多尔斯基对与科学家和团体的合作持支持态度。故选D项。11 .主旨大意题。根据第二段"Decades later, the military continues to work to bring back the remains of soldiers like Charles Krueger. The job of finding them falls to DPAA （DefensePOW/MIA Accounting Agency), created in 2015 after critics charged that the previous MIA search process was slow, and behind on innovations in science and technology. （几十年后， 军方仍在 努力找回像查尔斯克鲁格这样的士兵的遗骸。寻找他们的工作落在了 DPAA（国防战俘/失踪 人员会计机构）身上，该机构成立于2015年，此前批评人士指责之前的失踪人员搜寻过程缓 慢，缺乏科学技术创新。）和倒数第二段"To accelerate the work, Congress gave DPAA the authority to develop public-private partnerships with scientists and groups outside govemment.（为了加速这项工作，国会授权DPAA与政府以外的科学家和团体建立公私合作伙伴关系） 可知，短文介绍了在对在战斗中失踪人员搜索的努力。故短文的最佳标题为“对行动中失踪 人员长期的搜索”。故选A项。12 . B 13. A 14. C 15. B【导语】这是一篇说明文。在科学杂志上的一项研究中，伊利诺伊州西北大学的研究人 员报告说，他们已经开发出一种有效且廉价的方法来分解被称为聚氟烷基物质（PFAS）的 化学物质。13 .词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词后的句子“because they are designed to avoid breaking down（因为它们的设计是为了避免分解）可知，一旦这些化学物质进入环境，它们几乎不 可能被消除。所以划线的意思是“消除"，与destroy同义。故选B项。14 .细节理解题。根据第四段“In 2020, William Dichtel, a chemist and professor at Northwestern, read a study in which chemists at the University of Alberta, in Canada, found an easy way to break down chains of molecules”（2020年，西北大学的化学家兼教授威廉迪希特尔（William Dichtel） 阅读了一项研究，加拿大阿尔伯塔大学的化学家在该研究中发现了一种分解分子链的简单方 法）可知，威廉迪克特尔是别人的研究中得到了信息以此找到分解分子链的方法的。故选 A项。15 .细节理解题。根据第五段"But she tried it, boiling PFAS with a common solvent（溶剂）called dimethyl sulfoxide （DMSO）. Trang was shocked when the process destroyed the PFAS. She later mixed DMSO with a chemical called sodiumhydroxide and broke down PFAS even more quickly.”（但她尝试了，用一种叫做二甲基亚碉（DMSO）的普通溶剂煮沸PFAS。当这个过程摧毁 了 PFAS时，Trang感到震惊。她后来将二甲基亚碉与一种叫做氢氧化钠的化学物质混合， 并更快地分解PFAS）可知，Brittany Trang开发了一种更有效的方法来分解PFAS。故选C 项。16 .细节理解题。根据最后一段"Scientists are also calling for a decrease in the amount of PFAS being released into the natural world.”（科学家们还呼吁减少释放到自然界的PFAS的数量） 可知，科学家向公众倡导减少PFAS释放到环境中的数量。故选B项。17 . F 17. E 18. A 19. B 20. G【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是几十年来，男子运动一直受益于投资者所说的“飞 轮效应”。如今，女子运动也受到“飞轮效应”的影响。16 . 根据前文"Men's sport has fbr decades benefited from what investors call a "flywheel effect”. Big broadcast and sponsorship deals throw money into the game readily.（几十年来，男子运动一 直受益于投资者所说的“飞轮效应”。大型转播和赞助协议很容易就把钱投入到比赛中。广和 后文的“That, in turn, generates even more money the next time around.（这反过来又会在下一次 产生更多的钱。）“可知，F 选项“That attracts more players and raises the level of play, which helps attract more viewers.（那吸引了更多的玩家，提高了比赛水平，这有助于吸引更多的观众。户 符合语境，承上启下。F项中的that指代前文的“飞轮效应”，这种效应吸引了更多的玩家, 提高了比赛的水平，反之下一次产生更多的钱。下文中的that指代空处内容，故选F。17 .根据前文的“Women's sport has long suffered the opposite phenomenon.（长期以来，女子运 动一直遭遇相反的现象。户可知，长期以来，女子运动不太受观众的关注。设空处应该指出 由此带来的结果。E 选项“Broadcasters have unwillingly shown it without being sure that people will watch.（广播公司在不确定观众是否会观看的情况下，不愿意播放节目。厂符合语境，指 出由于女子运动项目不太受观众的关注所以广播公司不愿意播放节目。故选Eo.根据后文“The first quarter of 2022 saw the highest viewership, up by around 50% on 2019, the last full year before the pandemic.（ 2022年第一季度的收视率最高，比2019年（大流行前的 最后一年）增长了约50%。）”可知,此处通过数据解释了飞轮效应。故A选项“Start with viewing figures从观看数据开始。）”引起下文，符合语境。故选A。18 .根据后文“Viewership of the Women's National Basketball Association （WNBA） in America rose by 50% in 2021 compared with 2020. In February, the WNBA felt confident, raising $75 million and valuing it at $1 billion.（与2020年相比，2021年美国女子篮球协会（WNBA）的收视 率上升了 50%o今年2月，WNBA感到信心十足，筹集了 7500万美元，估值为1亿美元。广 可知，随着女子篮球的收视率上升，WNBA由此筹集了更多的金钱，即随着关注度的上升， 获得的金钱回报则越多。B选项“Money is starting to follow eyeballs.（金钱开始追随关注度。广 概括本段段旨，符合语境，引起下文。故选B。19 .根据前文“One big change is that several big rights-holders, including FIFA and World Rugby, now sell, sponsorship rights fbr women's events, separately, rather than bonded with the men's tournaments4一个巨大的变化是，包括国际足联和世界橄榄球联盟在内的几大版权持有者现 在分别出售女子赛事的赞助权，而不是与男子赛事捆绑在一起。）”可知，国际足联和世界橄 榄球联盟在内的几大版权持有者现在分别出售女子赛事的赞助权，而不是与男子赛事捆绑在 一起。G 选项“That forces buyers and sellers to think about exactly how much such rights might be worth.（那迫使买卖双方考虑这些版权究竟值多少钱。广符合语境，其中的that指代前文的“国 际足联和世界橄榄球联盟在内的几大版权持有者现在分别出售女子赛事的赞助权”，前后文 是因果关系，同时本句中的rights与前文中的rights呼应。故选G。20 . B 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. D32. A 33. A 34. C 35. B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位母亲在生完孩子以后，大脑宕机，经常断片。但是, 通过挑战一年读50本书，大脑逐渐从冬眠中醒来。21 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都变得模糊起来，谈话经常在句子中间中断。A. sunny 阳光充足的；B. foggy有雾的；C.smooth光滑的；D.possible可能的。根据前文“After I gave birth, it seemed my brain had been dragged out of me along with my newborn son.”以及本句 "conversation often lost in mid-sentence”可知，作者生完孩子后，我的大脑似乎和我刚出生的 儿子一起被拖出了身体，经常断片，事情不清楚。故选B。22 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想这些身体上的错误可能只是我半夜喂奶时的“妈妈大 脑”造成的。A. physical身体的；B.psychological心理的;C.social社会的；D. mental精神 上的。根据前文“Everything became 1 and conversation often lost in mid-sentence."可知，这是作者身体上的状况。故选A。23 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在小尼古拉斯开始一觉睡到天亮之后，我一直处于一 种混乱的状态。A. sleep睡觉；B. cry哭；C. wake up醒来；D. stay up熬夜。根据前文“I thought these 2 mistakes may be just "mommy brain' while I coped with middle-of-the-nightfeedings.”以及本句中“However”可知，前后为对照关系，作者本以为是半夜喂奶导致的，但 是当儿子入睡以后，作者还是处于困惑的状态。故选A。24 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在小尼古拉斯开始度过黑夜之后，我一直处于一种困 答案第5页，共10页惑的状态。A. tension 紧张；B. security 安全；C. confusion 困惑；D. depression 抑有B。根据前 文“Everything became 1 and conversation often lost in mid-sentence.”可知，作者生产以后, 一直是模模糊糊，说话说一半的迷糊状态。故选C。25 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我回想起我生孩子前的生活。A. pre-school学前的；B. pre-marriage婚前的;C.pre-baby产前的;D. pre-teen （约11或12岁的）大儿童。根据下文 “What engaged my brain then?”的时间状语“then”可知，作者在回忆生孩子之前大脑在忙什么。 故选C。26 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在屋子里踱来踱去，发现答案就在眼前：书。A. answers 回答;B. questions 问题；C. stars 星星；D. eyes 眼睛。根据前文“What engaged my brain then?” 以及本句中“books”可知，作者在回忆生孩子之前大脑在忙什么，看着眼前的书，作者找到 了答案。故选A。27 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在网上找到了确切的动机：50本书挑战。A. website网站；B. comment 评论；C. motivation 动力；D. title 标题。根据本句中“50 Book Challenge”可知， 挑战阅读50本书给了作者动力。故选C。28 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年读50本书，什么题材都行。A. price价格；B. color 颜色；C.size尺寸；D. subject话题。根据本句中的连词“whatever”引导让步状语从句可知， 前后为对照关系，无论什么题材，一年内50本书即可。故选D。29 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天之内，我发现了一些我感兴趣的新书，并订购了一些新 书。A. dishes 碟，盘;B. reads 好的读物；C. flowers 花；D. fruit 水果。根据前文“Read 50 books in a year, whatever 8 I wanted.“可知,作者要挑战一年读50本书，所以订购了一些读 物。故选B。30 .考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的竞争精神开始发挥作用。A. take care小心；B. take place 发生；C.take advantage利用；D. take effect生效，起作用。根据卜文“My brain12from hibernation （冬眠）and I had new and exciting things to discuss.”可知,作者读书让大脑激 活并开始发挥作用。故选D。31 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐公共汽车时看书，睡觉前看书0A.saw看见；B. drove 驾驶；C. caught 捕捉；D. rode 搭乘。根据前文“I found time where it had never existed before." 以及空后的宾语“abus”可知，作者找了之前并不发觉的时间来阅读，例如，搭乘公交车的时 间。故选D。32 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的大脑从冬眠中醒来，我有新的和令人兴奋的事情要讨论。 答案第6页，共10页A. awoke 苏醒；B. froze 冻住；C. damaged 损伤；D. suffered 遭受。根据本句中“I had new and exciting things to discuss”可知I,作者现在有新的和令人兴奋的事情可以讨论，说明大脑在慢 慢恢复。故选A。33 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从一个简单的目标开始，那就是恢复我的大脑。A. simple 简单的；B. common常见的;C. different不同的；D. similar相似的。根据本句中“to bring my 14 back”可知，这是作者的简单的目标。故选A。34 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从一个简单的目标开始，那就是恢复我的大脑。A. power 力量;B. time 时间;C. brain 大脑;D. son 儿子。根据前文“What engaged my brain then?”可 知，作者读书的目的就是恢复大脑。故选C。35 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：我向儿子尼古拉斯展示了阅读的乐趣。A. talent天赋;B. pleasure 乐趣；C. process 过程；D. skill 技能。根据后文“We're together and reading, and all is right with the world.”可知，作者向儿子展示了读书的乐趣，他们一起读书。故选B。36 . whose 37. the 38. passing 39. functioned 40. logs 41. hugely 42. and 43 stability 44. to construct 45. was recognized【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大运河的历史地位和作用以及未来的规划。37 .考查定语从句。句意：大运河是世界上最古老、最长的人工水道，有2500多年的历史， 它的建设始于春秋时期。此处为定语从句修饰先行词waterway,先行词在从句中作定语， 只能用whose引导从句。故填whoseo.考查冠词。句意：运河全长1794公里，是巴拿马运河的22倍。倍数+the length+of是 固定用法，意为“是几倍的长度故填the。38 .考查非谓语动词。句意：大运河从浙江到北京流经六省和两个自治区，连接五大水系。 分析句子结构，runs为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，The Grand Canal和pass为 主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填passing。39 .考查动词时态。句意：大运河作为古代帝国内陆通信和贸易系统的支柱。空格处作谓语 动词，结合句意，应用一般过去时。故填functioned。40 .考查名词的数。句意：谷物、盐、原木和丝绸沿着运河运往四面八方。由and并列结构 可知，空格处在句中作并列主语应用名词形式，log意为“原木”是可数名词，上文没有冠词， 应用复数形式表示类别。故填logs。ResponsibilityAvailability-365 days a yearExperience working in a Pet Motel or an animal related business is an advantage, but not a necessity.We are sorry, but due to the high number of applications, only suitable applicants will be contacted. Please do not call our office regarding this job advertisement.Applications must be submitted via our website Administrative Assistant-Results LegalResults Legal is a highly respected law firm based in Brisbane City.About you:AmbitionOptimismPerseveranceSomeone with a minimum of 3 years left to study would be idealYou may just be starting your career in Administration or you may be a University student, who is looking to expand your legal skills and experience in a professional work environment while studying.Click the Employment Opportunities link on our Contact Us page1. What bonus can a sales assistant in Surge Direct Pty Ltd get?A. Full training.B. Ongoing support. C. Free travelling. D. Boarding facilities.2. What can we learn about the applicants of the Animal Attendant?A. Applicants are allowed to contact Imparra for more information.B Applicants should attach the recent pictures to their applications.C. Applicants with experience working in a Pet Motel is a necessity.D. Applicants have to work outside their usual hours when required.3. Which company is most likely to hire a law student?A. The Green Army Pty Ltd.B. Surge Direct Pty Ltd.C. Imparra Pet Motel.D. Results Legal.41 .考查副词。句意：沿河的许多城镇发展起来运河的发展对古代中国经济做出了巨大的贡 献。空格处修饰动词contributing,应用副词形式。故填hugely。42 .考查连词。句意：运河极大地促进了南北之间的经济互动和文化交流，确保了国家的稳 定。betweenand为固定搭配