中考英语阅读理解知识点梳理及经典练习(超详细)1.docx

中考英语阅读理解知识点梳理及经典练习（超详细）1 一、中考英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）.阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最正确选项。If you go shopping in any toy store, you can see clearly the different games and toys for boys and girls: there are a lot of pink toys on one side of the store for girls; and dark colored cars, guns, and soldiers for boys. Some big stores with toys may even have a pink floor for girls and a blue floor for boys. In fact, it is difficult to buy a toy for a girl that is not pink.Some people think that too much pink is bad for girls. Sue Palmer, writer of Toxic Childhood, is very worried that most girls over the age of three are crazy about the color. According to some scientists, this happens for two reasons. Firstly, most companies offer too many products in pink. Also, many parents think their little daughter looks cute in pink. Sue Palmer says that girls at this age cannot make proper decisions by themselves, but the pink can affect （影响） the choices and the decisions they will make in the future.Some parents are worried too-for example, Vanessa Holburn, thirty-two, who has two girls under the age of four. Their bedrooms are a sea of pink and Vanessa is not happy. "Pink says that you are soft and gentle. Blue says that you are strong and powerful. I want my daughters to be strong and powerful. I'm worried that pink will not help them with that," she says.But not everyone thinks there's something wrong with pink. Grayson Turner is a father of three girls and he isn't worried at all. "People forget that things change all the time," he says. "My girls used to love pink when they were little, but as they get older, they change." Turner explains that his twelve-year-old daughter never wears pink clothes anymore. "This love of pink is just a fashion and all fashions change/* he adds. "It's only since the 1940s that people have started dressing girls in pink-before that it was a color for boys."（1） Which of the following best shows the structure-of-the passage?A. ® ® 3）B.工（2） The underlined word "that" iiA 。i Paragraph 3 means.A. being soft and gentleB. being strong and powerful(3) C(4) A(5) A【解析】【分析】主要讲了影响学生行为的同辈压力。(1)细节题。根据 Your soccer friend might try to convince (使信服)you to be mean to another player and never pass him the ball.可知足球朋友努力使你相信对另一个运发动刻薄， 不把球传给另一个运发动，所以him指的是另一个运发动，应选A。(2)细节题。根据 It is tough to be the only one who says "no" to peer pressure, but you can do it.可知对那些拒绝同辈压力的人是困难的，所以tough意思是困难的，即difficult,应选A。(3)细节题。根据 You've probably had a parent or teacher advising you to "choose your friends wisely.”可知建议你明智选择朋友，即选择没有坏习惯的，应选C。(4)细节题。根据全文可知第一段总结，2.3段介绍同辈压力的影响，4-6介绍解决方法, 应选Ao(5)细节题。People who are your age, like your classmates, are called peers.可知讲的 是同学，即学生，应选A。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。7 .阅读理解Aaron didn't want to tell his classmates that he was homeless. But when he recorded his own story with StoryCorpsU-a project set up to help kids in high-needs schools build stronger relationships with their teachers-he says, it just came out."I don't know what made me say it/' Aaron explains, "but I'm like, let me just be honest and just get it out.,"In his recording, made last year in Chicago, Aaron said that he "had to sleep outside, sometimes with nothing to eat. I was ashamed (羞耻的).I am still ashamed."Only when hearing Aaron's recording did his teacher; Celeste Davis-Carr, learned that he was living on the streets."I was scared, because I felt helpless, "Davis-Carr tells Aaron." I didn't know what to do, but at the same time I felt I must try my best to help you.""I didn't really think that I would ever really tell a teacher, but it makes me know that you're special because you care," Aaron says. "You talk to me and make sure that I'm cool JIn the year since showing his secret, Aaron says he's doing better. He has more friends and has been living in a foster home (寄养家庭)since October. "It's good, actually. I feel comfortable. Where I am now-it kind of feels like home.*'"Can I tell you one thing that I really admire about you, Aaron?" Davis-Carr asks. "Because I've never told you. Do you know how strong you are? You have a strength (力量)that, no matter what anyone says about you or they do to you, you don't change who you are as a person. And a lot of people don't have that strength. So I admire that about you.""Thank you," Aaron replies."I want to see you happy," his teacher tells him." Just your smile is the best moments of you.""Thank you, "Aaron says." That means a lot to me."(1) Aaron told his story in the recording to.A. help the homeless kidsB. look for happinessC. win support from othersD. keep himself honest(2) In the eyes of Aaron, his teacher Davis-Carr.A. offered him special careB. felt helpless in his lifeC. sometimes looked coolD. was too scared to help him(3) Which of the following statements about Aaron is TURE?A. Aaron feels good about his new home.B. Aaron dislikes his teachers except Davis-Carr.C. Aaron has told his classmates he is homeless.D. Aaron is always ready to change himself.(4) What is the main idea of the passage?A. A teenager enjoys going to school alone.B. A teacher admires a student for his smile.C. A homeless boy finds love in a teacher.D. A recording helps a student find his parents.【答案】(1) D(2) A(3) A(4) C【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了无家可归的男孩Aron在老师身上发现爱的故事。(1)细节题。根据"I don't know what made me say it," Aaron explains, "but I'm like, let me just be honest and just get it out.”'可知，说出整个故事是为了保持老实,应选Do(2) 细节题。 根据 but it makes me know that you're special because you care 可矢口， 在 Aron 的眼里，老师是关心他的，应选A。(3)推理判断题。根据It's good, actually. I feel comfortable.可知，他觉得新家是好的，舒 服的，所以A选项正确，应选A。(4)主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了无家可归的男孩Aron在老师身上发现爱的 故事，应选c。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从 文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息、；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大 意之后找出中心思想。8 .阅读理解Fiona likes to listen to music. She likes to listen to classical music. Now she is listening to Beethoven's Symphony (交响曲) No. 5. The music is about fate knocking on the door. Fate is the unseen power of life. Fate changes our lives. Fate designs our lives. Fiona likes this music. She feels the power of music.Suddenly, somebody knocks on her door. She goes to the door and opens it. There is a man at the door. The man is old. He has grey hair and a grey beard (胡须).She doesn't know who the person is. The man says he is her father. She closes the door in front of the man. She stays at the door and thinks. She has a father. But he is dead. She doesn't know the man at the door. She doesn't understand why he says he is her father. She wants to call the police. Just then she can see a photo under the door. The man is giving her a photo. She looks at the photo. She can see herself with a man she doesn't know. It is her because she took many photos when she was a young girl. Is the man who is standing in front of her door her father? She must find the answer.She opens the door. She asks the man whether he is lying or not. The man tells her he is telling the truth. She invites him for a cup of coffee. They sit down and drink coffee. They start talking about life. He tells her everything that he knows. She listens. Sometimes she is surprised. Sometimes she cries. Sometimes she laughs. They are listening to Beethoven. This time it is not fate, but her father who is knocking on the door.(1) What kind of music does Fiona like?A. Folk music.B. Pop music.C. Rock and roll.D. Classical music.(2) Why does Fiona open the door again?A. Because the man gives her a photo of her and her father.B. Because she realizes the man standing outside is her father.C. Because she wants to know whether the man is her father.D. Because she wants to listen to the man's stories.(3) How does Fiona feel during the talk with the man?A. Surprised.B. Sad.C. Happy.D. A, B&C(4) Where can you find this passage?A. In a music book. B. In a storybook. C. In a sports book. D. In a science book.【答案】(1) D(2) C(3) D(4) B【解析】【分析】大意:本文讲述主人公菲奥娜在听贝多芬的第五首歌的时候，她听到门外有 敲门声，她翻开门却意外地有人叫她为女儿，她感到很吃惊，爸爸明明已故，但是此时的这 个所谓爸爸的男人又似曾相识，翻开门后两人谈了许多往事，往事让菲奥娜有时吃惊，有 时哭泣，有时微笑，最后他们一起听贝多芬的歌曲，最好父女相认。(1)细节题。根据She likes to listen to classical music.可知，她喜欢听古典音乐,应选D。(2)细节题。根据 Is the man who is standing in front of her door her father? She must find the answer.可知，因为她想知道是否这个男人是她爸爸，应选C。(3) 细节题。 根据 Sometimes she is surprised. Sometimes she cries. Sometimes she laughs. 可知，她有时开心有时伤心有时吃惊，应选D。(4)推断题。本文讲述菲奥娜和父亲相认的故事，可知这篇文章应来自故事书，应选B。【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中 寻找答案；推断题需要根据上下文，推断出需要的信息。9 .阅读理解Almost all cultures celebrate the end of one year and the beginning of another in some ways. Different cultures celebrate the beginning of a new year in different ways, and at different times on the calendar.In Western countries, people usually celebrate New Year from midnight on December 31st to January 1st, People may go to parties, sometimes dressed in formal (正式的)clothes, and they may drink champagne (香槟)at midnight. During the first minute of the new year, people cheer and wish each other happiness for the year ahead, But some cultures prefer to celebrate the new year by waking up early to watch the sunrise. They welcome the new year with the first light of the sunrise.Many cultures also do special things to get rid of (摆脱)bad luck at the beginning of a new year. For example, in Ecuador, families make a big doll from old clothes, The doll is filled with old newspapers and firecrackers. At midnight, these dolls are burned to show the bad things from the past year are gone and the new year can start afresh (重新).Other common traditions to keep away bad luck in a new year include throwing things into rivers or the ocean, or saying special things on the first day of the new year.Other New Year traditions are followed to bring good luck in the new year. One widespread Spanish tradition for good luck is to eat grapes on New Year's Day. The more grapes a person eats, the more good luck he will have in the new year. In France, people eat pancakes for good luck on New Year's Day. In the United States, some people eat black-eyed peas for good luck-but to get good luck for a whole year, you have to eat 365 of them!(1) The passage is mainly about.A. the meaning of "Happy New Year! B. several different New Year traditionsC. what to eat on New Year's DayD. why people dress up nicely on New Year's Day(2) It's clear that.A. some cultures celebrate New Year in the morningthe Western people celebrate New Year only on New Year's DayB. people in Ecuador go to parties from December 31st to January 1stno cultures do special things to celebrate New Year(3) To have a happy new year,.A. friends talk to each other in special waysfamilies make big dolls filled with old clothesB. some people get up early to watch the sunriseEuropeans eat 365 grapes on New Year's Day(4) When eating black- eyed peas on New Year's Day, people think.A. one pea brings one day of luckB. black- eyed peas are the best medicineC. the peas are too black and taste bad D. the peas are helpful to count numbers【答案】(l) B(2) A(3) C(4) A【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了西方国家不同的庆祝新年的方式，(1)主旨大意题，通过阅读全文可知，短文主要介绍了不同国家不同的新年庆祝方式，故 答案是Bo(2)细节理解题，根据 But some cultures prefer to celebrate the new year by waking up early to watch the sunrise.可知，一些国家喜欢在早晨庆祝新年，故答案是A。(3)细节理解题，根据 But some cultures prefer to celebrate the new year by waking up early to watch the sunrise. They welcome the new year with the first light of the sunrise. 可知，为了过一个快乐的新年，人们要早起看Fl出，故答案是口(4)细节理解题，根据 In the United States, some people eat black-eyed peas for good luck-but to get good luck for a whole year, you have to eat 365 of them!可知人们认为吃一颗黑豆会带来 一天的好运，故答案是A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中 寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。10 .阅读理解Need to buy something? Why go to a store? Buy it on the Internet! Need it now? Why wait? Ask to receive it the next day! Each day, more and more people try on-line shopping. In fact, online sales have doubled in the last ten years. But not everyone is excited. Some scientists now say that online shopping is bad for the environment.People are surprised to hear this." They think, I don't need to drive, and the business doesn't need to build a store, so there will be less pollution," says Nuria Prost, an environmental scientist. "But it is not so simple. In fact, online shopping is wasteful. It also adds to air pollution."In truth, the Internet is not always as good a friend to the environment as it seems. For example, most people thought that the Internet would help offices use less paper and other materials. But paper use increased by33percent between 1986 and 1997."Online shopping could have similarly harmful results," says Nevil Cohen, a researcher of environmental science. Part of the problem is what people are buying these days. In the past, people bought things on the Internet that did not require much packing material, such as books and clothing. But now people also shop online for large, heavy pro ducts such as televisions, computers, chairs and tables. These products need to be packed in lots of plastic and paper. This creates a lot of waste.Another problem caused by online shopping is air pollution. When customers buy products and ask to receive them the next day, online businesses often have to send them by air. Airplanes use much more oil than cars and produce more carbon dioxide (二氧化碳).When people buy a lot of different things from different online businesses, this creates even more travel by airplane.Online product returns are also a problem. For example, an online shoe store may allow customers to return shoes for free if they are wrong size. This doubles the packing materials and number of airline trips required to sell one pair of shoes."If people want to protect the environment, they need to think before they shop," says Prost. "People need to ask themselves: Is this exactly what I want? Do I really need it tomorrow, or can I wait?" Online stores can also ask customers to pay money for returns. This may make people shop more carefully." Online shopping is fast and easy, "says Prost," but we can't forget the harmful result it has caused to the environment."(1) The passage begins with several questions to.A. introduce the main topicdescribe online shoppingB. show the writer's opinionlist advantages of shopping(2) What is the passage mainly about?A. The Internet is not good to the environment.B. Online shopping causes more air pollution.C. Online shopping is bad for the environment.D. Stop online shopping to protect the environment.(3) Which of the following is to show that online shopping is wasteful?A. Large products need more packing materials.B. Paper use increased by 33 percent about ten years.C. Businesses need to build a store to sell the products.D. Online shopping costs less than shopping in a store.(4) What is probably the best title of the passage?A. A Good Deal to MakeA Different Lifestyle to Ke