2022年山西师范大学现代文理学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

2022年山西师范大学现代文理学院自考英 语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】2010.04 What her grandfather said left a impression on her mind. She stillremembers it.A、finalB、 vagueC、 deepD、main【正确答案】C【答案解析】【译文】她爷爷说的事情给她留下深刻的印象，她仍然还记得。【试 题分析】词汇题。【详细解答】形容词意义区分题。第2题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other people's cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.B、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.C> This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、 No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。句意：现代经济学是国家农业政策的基础。考 查形近动词词义。A经历，经受；B 了解；C成为的基础；D承当，保证。第21题【单项选择题】I your strength today to do what I today.A、need, doneB、need, doingC、need, to doingD、need, need to do【正确答案】D【答案解析】题目意思：今天，我需要你的力量，来做好我需要去做的事情。第22题【单项选择题】2008.10 It is strongly held that new must be introduced to protect theright of the immigrants.A、statisticsB、constructionsC、measuresD、concessions【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】强烈支持采取新措施维护移民的 权力。【详细解答】A统计学 B建设 C措施，方法 D让步，特许 权第23题【单项选择题】2009.10 You'd better leave things if you don't know how to deal withthem.A、off10B、outC、aloneD、 over【正确答案】C【答案解析】【译文】如果你不知道如何处理这些事情，你最好把它们放在一边。【试题分析】此题考查词意区分。【详细解答】A离开，离去 B不在里 面，出局 C单独的（地） D完结，翻倒，越过第24题【单项选择题】Perhaps your prince to do something?A> is likeB、would enjoyC、is enjoyD、would like【正确答案】D【答案解析】题目意思：也许你的王子想要做些什么事？ would like to do固定搭 配，想要做某事/愿意做某事。答案选D。第25题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.Q: To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo文章说到：Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat.防止喝牛奶和奶油饮料。11第26题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. Q: The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。原文说的是儿童之所以能够完全掌握母语局部原因在于 儿童自身，局部原因在于孩子周围人们的行为。问题句说“儿童母语学得好的原 因只是因为他们的学习环境。此处solely的表述是错误的。第27题【单项选择题】【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they will grow up the stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summer's end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes, children can.A、seed lots of sunflowersplay games in the sunflower houseC、include plants with animal namesD、find their own playing section【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出处，By summer's end"夏天结束的时候”实 际上就是When autumn comes"秋天来临的时候。答案选择B。第28题【单项选择题】12【填句补文】 Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.A、This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、This doesn't necessarily mean that it will go well.C、Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、 Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对 这种担忧的补充，这种担忧是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问 自己。第29题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Wignail calculated the "killing efficiency" for these volcanoes by comparing the proportion of life they killed off with the volume of lava that they produced. He found that size for size, older eruptions were at least 10 times as effective at wiping out life as their more recent rivals.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Killing Power of Ancient Volcanic EruptionsB、Accounting for the Killing Power of Older EruptionsC、Calculation of the Killing Power of Older EruptionsD、A Mass Extinction【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段第一句话是说：Wignall calculated the "killing efficiency" for these volcanoes.； Wignall计算了这些火山的"灭绝效率" ；其中killing efficiency与 killing Power意思差不多，属于同义词转换，因此选择B或C,但是account for意 思是：（在数量方面）占；说明（原因等）不符合句意，因此不选择B。13第30题【单项选择题】【2009.04 The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just.A、tentativeB、validC、technicalD、thorough【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：这项研究的结论不是一定的；它只是试探性的。试题分析: 形容词词义选择题。详细解答：A不确定的、试探性的；B正当的、有根据的、 有效的；C技术性的、专门技术的；D彻底的、十足的。第31题【单项选择题】2009.01 I was writing a report last night;I would not have stayed up late.A、howeverB、otherwiseC、 thereforeD、furthermore【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查副词词义辨析。句意：我昨天晚上写一个报告，否那么我就 不会熬夜了。A然而，不过；B否那么，要不然；C因此，所以；D再者，而且。第32题【单项选择题】2010.04 The spokesman occasionally his speech with gestures.A、acknowledgesB accompaniesC、attributesD、anticipates【正确答案】B14【答案解析】此题考查词汇。【译文】这位发言人讲演中偶尔伴有手势。第33题【单项选择题】【2009.10 The profit-sharing plan is designed to the staff to work hard.A、calculatedemonstrateC、speculateD、motivate【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工 作。A计算、估算B证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D激励、激发第34题【单项选择题】2008.10 JCountry life is better than city life it offers fresh air and noiselessenvironment.A、in thatB、as thatC、as forD、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新 鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作 一个固定词组。A在于，原因是，在方面；C.关于，至于，举例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature.我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第35题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for some regular activity. For example, one famous surgeon always spent 15 minutes reading something before he went to sleep each day. Whether he went to bed at 10 p.m. or152:30 a.m. made no difference.You are advised to read something before youA、find the topic sentencesB、find out the new wordsC、keep reading fastD、go to bed every day【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段提到一位著名的医生不管晚上睡得多晚，都要花15分钟读点 东西，那已经成为习惯。所以此题说“在你干什么之前，建议你读点东西，从选 项中看只有D项合适。第36题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very nature of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Main Results of Recent ResearchesB Popular Doubt about the New ViewC、Effect of Environment on IntelligenceD、Impact on School Education【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段提出了一个新的对智力的认识，与过去一些年的传统的把智力 看做是一种不变的能力的这种理解不同，它主张智力和人的成长环境有关。因此 选择Co16第37题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools, but critics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life. However, most parents don't have the time or the desire to teach their children at home, so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. B、A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.C、Children who are educated at home are known as "home-schoolers."D、Others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段大意是“对home schooling提出了质疑”,需要注意前面说到 了"critics say”,空格处与之对应的是“Critics also say”。第38题【单项选择题】11阅读选择 J Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want. Cathy, a mother told us, “My children have packed lunches, because they say they hate school dinners. I make 3 packed lunches every morning, so our kitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning/ However, another mother; Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food. She said, “My daughter always has school dinners. I think she probably gets healthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if I made a few sandwiches."Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A、Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B、Susan's daughter likes eating sandwiches.C> Cathy may have at least three children.D、Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】C17【答案解析】答案选Co细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是I make 3 packed lunches every morning.可知Cathy有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得 而知，应选项C为最正确选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第39题【单项选择题】2008.04 To understand the sentence, you should analyze its parts.A、functionallyB、widelyC、largelyD、remarkably【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查副词词义区分。为了理解这个句子，你应该分析句子各个 局部的功能。A.有用途地、有功能地；B.宽广地；C.大大地；D.突出地。第40题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, they're asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest birds, trees, flowers budding, etc, and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.In "All that's needed to become one. (paragraph 2) ", what does the word "one" stands for ?A、a citizen journalist18B、a citizen scientistC、a scientistD、a citizen【正确答案】B【答案解析】one不仅是数词也是代词；代词指代的名词或句子一般出现在代词 的前一句，要注意区分代词单、复数。第41题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】As far as astronomers （天文学家）can determine, the entire universe is built of the same matter. They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws in every part of the universe. Therefore, it is reasonable to guess that other stars, with their own planets, were born in the same way as our own solar system. What we know of life on earth suggests that life will arise wherever the proper conditions exist.Astronomers believe that matter in different parts of the universeA、obeys different laws.B、obeys one common law.C、obeys the same laws.D、obeys no common law.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答题依据在本段的第二句。科学家没有理由怀疑宇宙中的物质遵循 同一法那么，即他们相信宇宙中不同地方的物质是遵循同一法那么的。第42题【单项选择题】2009.7 He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB> ensureC、insure19【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第3题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： ”How did you live to be 100?"Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是"这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区，文章开头局部提到了“community（社区），但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第4题【单项选择题】2007.04 The central theatre has a seating of more than 3, 000 people.A、capability B> capacity C、ability D、facility 【正确答案】B 【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。ability主要指天赋的能力或应用知识的才能， 应该是属于那种已经具备并开展较快的能力。如"He has unusual ability in science/z0 capability与ability不同的是，它不仅能用于人，也可用于物,如:Electronic refinements, however; have greatly extended the uses and capabilities of some of the older electrical devices. capacity指容纳或吸收事物的能力，可用于人和物。 如"The hall has a seating capacity of 500”。根据句意，此题应该选 capacity。D、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为.投保，给保险；D平安的，没有危险的第43题【单项选择题】2009.01 The twin sisters were identical appearance and character.A、ofB withC、inD、to【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查介词词义。句意：这对双胞胎姐妹的面容和性格都一模一 样。be identicalt。/with完全相同的，一模一样的。此题要说明在某个方面是一 样的，应选C。第44题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. Americans say "Hi" when they meet; Japanese bow. Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. On the surface, it appears that good manners in America are not good manners in Japan, and in a way this is true. But in any country, the only manners that are important are those involving one person's behavior toward another person. In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to. It is only the way of behaving that differs from country to country.The topic sentence of this paragraph is.A、Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks.B、Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not.C、The way of behaving that differs from country to country.20D、In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to.【正确答案】C【答案解析】文章的最后一句话是对前面的一个总结，道出了本段的主题。因此 选择Co第45题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择 1 You consider that you can't find your place in your own country, so you risk the comfortable but modest life with your parents and you go abroad. Maybe there will be moments when you can't stand the loneliness anymore, the strangers around you, or your job. But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on, as you are the only one to be blamed.When you are lonely in a foreign country, you should.A、change your decisionB、blame your parents for itC、stick to your decision and go onD、make more friends【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选Co根据文章本段中But you remember nobody made you take that decision, so you take a deep breath, and you go on.可知答案。作者认为你出国 后可能会面临各种困难，面对周围的陌生人、工作，你可能会感到孤独，但是仔 细想想这个决定是你自己做的，于是你不得不深呼吸，然后继续。第46题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds. Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability. Bricks and jigsaws（七巧板）and construction toys; painting, scribbling（涂鸦）and making things; Sand and water play; toys for imaginative and pretending play; the first social games21 for learning to play and get on with others .We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosity.A、when he is two.B、when he is around four.C、when he is six.D、when he is eight.【正确答案】B答案解析】 根据 In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds可以得出答案是Bo第47题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned（抛弃）many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that.A、they developed accurate system measuring time.