2022年厦门兴才职业技术学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx

2022年厦门兴才职业技术学院自考英语（二） 练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】2009.04）If payment is not received, legal action will be our only.A、aggressionB、advantageC、alternativeD、ambition【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查词义选择。译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就只好诉诸法律了。A挑衅、侵犯；B优势、优点；C选择、取舍；D野心、抱负。第2题【单项选择题】2008.10 Never before so rapidly developing as it is today.A、has our country beenB、has been our countryC、our country has beenD、our country been has【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查语法。【译文】我们国家从未像现在这样高速开展。【详细 解答】否认词never在句首，该句子应采用局部倒装。第3题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket （板球）.Q: Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket.A、to find out kids' creative ideasB、to discuss with the teacherC、to give children lecturesD、to help kids with their program【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段中的 With the aid of an architect who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations可知答案为D。句中的aid意为“帮助，与help同义。第21题【单项选择题】The engineer my father works is about 50 years old.A、to whomB、on whomC、with whichD、with whom【正确答案】D【答案解析】with whom引导定语从句.with whom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer.第22题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Roxaboxen is based on the true story of a group of children, growing up in the Arizona desert. There children can be a bit wild and much free, and they play outside from dawn to dusk. The children discover the make-believe （虚彳发的）town, built on the hill across from their neighborhood. The town, called Roxaboxen, becomes the center of their play as the children grow, but the story is not just about the time spent in Roxaboxen as young children. More than that, this book is about the way that imagination and secret places stay with us as we grow older and become a part of who we are. It is about the way that it helps us to grow into the adults that we become. What does the book's name Roxaboxen refer to?10A、A child.B、A library.C、 A period of time.D、A place.【正确答案】D答案解析答案选Do查找细节题o短文本段中明显一句话提到，The town, called Roxaboxen,所以指的是一个地方的名字。第23题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years old. All the followings are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT.A、he was a soldier in World War IB、he was a Swiss woman's long-lost fatherC、he was born about a thousand years agoD、he came from Italy【正确答案】D【答案解析】解题步骤：四个选项逐个回到原文对应位置，确认是否正确。第24题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Physiologically, we are rhythmical. We must eat, sleep, breathe, and play regularly to maintain good health. Emotionally we are rhythmical, too, for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative depression and exhilaration. Intellectually we are also rhythmical, for we must have periods of11relaxation following periods of concentration. It naturally follows then that rhythm, a fundamental aspect of our lives, must be a part of any good literary workwhether poetry or prose.According to the passage, which of the followingpairs of activities best illustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology bookB、Learning a poem and then taking a napC、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因 为我们在高度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段("we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration")。根据这个信息，A、 D项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B项内容是学习诗歌 与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而C项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也 不符合原文。第25题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. Says Sallie Chishol, an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming."A、"These are newer and better models,"B、 Its opponents argue, however; that it will stop global warming.C、 Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily.D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这个问题可以根据引号来作答，因为空格后面有“says这个词，它 预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A的意思是：这些是比拟新的也是比拟好12的模型。第26题【单项选择题】阅读选择War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality （守卫士也盘的天，性）are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生的） survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical （道德上 的）patterns within which human violence has been directed. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD、it is directed against institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是"a learned behavioro可以知道此题的答案应该就在本段的后面局部。接下来的第二句话即 说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第27题【单项选择题】13【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they will grow up the stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summer's end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes, children can.A、seed lots of sunflowersB、play games in the sunflower houseC、include plants with animal namesD、find their own playing section【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出处，By summer's end"夏天结束的时候"实 际上就是When autumn comes秋天来临的时候”。答案选择B。第28题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： ”How did you live to be 100?"Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】c【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是"这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区，文章开头局部提到了"community（社区），但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第29题【单项选择题】The central theatre has a seating of more than 3, 000 people.A、capabilityB、capacity14C、ability D facility 【正确答案】B 【答案解析】题目意思：中央剧院能容纳3000多人就座。此题是词义选择题。A （实际）能力，才能，性能；B能力，容量，容积capacity后常接of doing sth.；C能力，技能，才智ability后常接to do sth.； D能力，才干，方便，设施较 正式用法，后常接in, with.第30题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other people/s cigarettes. . The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.B、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.C、 This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第31题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. Says Sallie Chishol, an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming."15A、"These are newer and better models,"B、 Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming.C、 Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily.D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这个问题可以根据引号来作答，因为空格后面有"says这个词，它 预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A的意思是：这些是比拟新的也是比拟好 的模型。第32题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Two major findings have emerged from these researches. Firstly, the greater part of the development of observed intelligence occurs in the earliest years of life. It is estimated that 50 percent of measurable intelligence at age 17 is already predictable by the age of four. Secondly, he most important factors in the environment are language and psychological aspects of the parent-child relationship. Much of the difference in measured intelligence between "privileged" and "disadvantaged" children may be due to the latter's lack of appropriate verbal stimulation and the poverty of their perceptual experiences.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Two Major Changed View of IntelligenceB、Many of the differences in measured intelligenceC、Main Results of Recent ResearchesD、Impact on School Education【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段文字的第一句话就把其内容点的很清楚，要介绍的是：Two major findings have emerged from these researches,而选项 C 中的 Main Results 只不 过是major findings的另一种说法而已。16第33题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass. A piece of lodestone （天然磁石）would be cut into the shape of a ladle （长 柄勺）. Placed on a stone board with a smooth surface, the lodestone would move round until the "handle" of the ladle pointed south while the bulk （主体）of the ladle was attracted to magnetic north. This interestingly shaped device is mentioned in a book from about 80. Other ancient books may have dated it as far back as the fourth century Jade （玉石）finders played an important role in the invention of the "ladle". They travelled great distances to look for jade. In order not to lose directions, they would take a "ladle" with them.When did the Chinese invent the compass?A、In 1492.B、 In the thirteen century A.D.C、In A.D. 80.D、At least 2000 years ago.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段中 Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass.直接告诉我们中国创造指南针的时间。第34题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Though little research has been carried out about how exactly the sunspot will negatively harm the health of the people. So, scientists warn that people going outdoors should be careful to protect their exposed skin and eyes with clothes, umbrellas and sunglasses from the strong sunlight rich in ultraviolet rays.A、Ionosphere is high above the earth.C、 If the lights in your house keep flickering, blame frequent sunspots.C、According to a research conducted by the Russian scientists from 1957 to 1960, the frequency of earthquakes can be linked to the movement of the sunspots.D、A paper published by a North Korea observatory says that sun storms may17 cause an increase in the incidence of heart disease and skin disease.【正确答案】D【答案解析】这一段说的是太阳黑子对人类健康的影响。填入的内容也应该与健 康有关，空格后一句说到要保护皮肤。因此D是正确的。第35题【单项选择题】【完成句子】As the sunflowers grow, put a hay fence around them for protection and stake if necessary. Plant morning glories or sweet peas around the base of each sunflower, and they will grow up the stems, eventually forming a roof over the top. By summer's end, kids will have a sunflower house to play in.When autumn comes, children can.A、seed lots of sunflowersB、play games in the sunflower houseC、include plants with animal names D> find their own playing section 【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落最后一句是答案的出处，By summer's end"夏天结束的时候"实 际上就是When autumn comes”秋天来临的时候。答案选择B。第36题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that you're "hot". That/s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues as: "Get up, John ! You,ll be late for work again!" The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.Which of the following may lead to family quarrels18 according to the passage?A、Unawareness of energy cycles.B、Familiar monologues.D、 A change in a family member's energy cycle.D、Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题的关键是看懂本段的最后一句(即："Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has."),同时联系本段的第四句和第五句(即："For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening.")的意思。该句的直接意思是"如果丈夫和妻子能明白能量周期是怎么 回事，以及家庭每个成员有什么样的周期，很多家庭争吵就会停止.。也就是说， 家庭争吵的发生是因为丈夫和妻子不了解能量周期是怎么回事，更谈不上了解每 个家庭成员有什么样的能量周期了。因此A项：Unawareness of energy cycles(不 知道能量周期)应是正确答案。第37题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】You think that the biggest threat to your health when taking a shower comes from slipping on a bar of soap? Well, guess again.Q: This paragraph is a question to which the author hopes to have a positive answer from the reader.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。这段话的意思是：你认为淋浴的时候对健康最大的威胁 是踩在一块肥皂上而滑倒?好的，再猜一猜。这里的"再猜一猜可以得知作者希 望的不是一个 positive answer, 而是一个 negative answer。第38题【单项选择题】19A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。此题对应的语句为:the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket,因此是正确的。第4题【单项选择题】2010.04 By the end of next year the bridge.A、is to completeB、has been completedC、will be completedD、will have been completed【正确答案】D【答案解析】【译文】到明年年底之前，这座桥修建将完成。【试题分析】此题 考查语法。【详细解答】动词时态。by the end of到时为止；在之前。将来 完成时态，用于表达在将来某时间以前已经完成的动作。第5题【单项选择题】2010.04 What her grandfather said left a impression on her mind. She stillremembers it.A、finalB、 vagueC、 deepD、main【正确答案】c【答案解析】译文：她爷爷说的事情给她留下深刻的印象，她仍然还记得。此题 考查词汇。形容词意义区分题。final最终的，vague模糊的，deep深的，main 主要的。【填句补文】Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals. . Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds-of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow.A、It tells us not to use the injured part until it heals.B、These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area, up the spinal cord （脊 髓）to the brain, and back down again.C、The first message is the warning sign