2022年台南神学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）.docx
2022年台南神学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality （守卫地盘的天性）are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生的） survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical （道德上 的）patterns within which human violence has been directed. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、 it has roots in religious conflictsD、it is directed against institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是"a learned behavior%可以知道此题的答案应该就在本段的后面局部。接下来的第二句话即 说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约:The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。【填句补文】 Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.A、This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、This doesn't necessarily mean that it will go well.C、Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、 Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对 这种担忧的补充，这种担忧是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问 自己。第21题【单项选择题】【阅读选择 J Good news for chocoholics： the treat preferred by millions all over the world is good for you, according to American researchers at the University of California. Chocolate contains substances called flavonoids（类黄酮）that can help maintain a healthy heart and good circulation. The researchers have discovered that cocoa acts like aspirin and that eating a bar of chocolate has also been shown to release endorphins in the body： these chemicals help to reduce pain and stress and make you feel happy.Why is chocolate good for heart and circulation?A、It reduces pain and stress.B、It contains substances called flavonoids.C> It releases endorphins in human body.D、It acts like aspirin to protect heart.【正确答案】B【答案解析】因果关系词信号词。但凡注释中文的地方可能是答案区域。第22题【单项选择题】10【填句补文】There is a difference between science and technology. . Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science.A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each.B、We are all familiar with the improper use of technology.C> Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor.D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems.【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一句总述了科学和技术是有差异的。缺空后是对两者的分述，因 此缺空处也应是对两者的分述，应选D。第23题【单项选择题】【填句补文】The acid rain （酸雨）is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruptions make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of erosion reduced.A、The problem, however, is not just a European one.B> That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already.C、However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people.D、Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe.【正确答案】C11【答案解析】前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答窠转折说到了墨西哥没有 这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。第24题【单项选择题】As soon as they adopted the new procedures, they were assured success.A、inB、ofC、 aboutD、for【正确答案】B【答案解析】be assured of： assure sb of sth的被动式。第25题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top posts would be dominated by the same few individuals, making career progress more difficult. And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?AII of the following are possible effects living longer might have on working life EXCEPT.A、Communication between employers and employees would be more difficult.B、More money would be used by employees in payment of their employees.C、The job market would be more competitive.D、It would be more difficult for young people to be promoted to top positions.【正确答案】B【答案解析】是非判断题。对照原文第九自然段On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs.排除选项 C； It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job.排除选项 D： And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?排 除选项A；答案是Bo12第26题【单项选择题】2009.04 She everything else and concentrated on the task before her.A、set offB、set backC、set asideD、set up【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。译文：她把其他事情都放到一边，集中精 力于她面前的任务。详细解答：A出发、动身；B把（某物）置于.之后、延迟； C撇开、取消、废除；D建立、提出。第27题【单项选择题】It is strongly held that new must be introduced to protect theright of the immigrants.A、statisticsB constructionsC、measuresD、concessions【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】强烈支持采取新措施维护移民的 权力。【详细解答】A统计学 B建设 C措施，方法 D让步，特许 权第28题【单项选择题】2009.04 I've got the order from the boss that the work finished before5 p.m. today.A、would be13B、beC、will have beenD、could be【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查名词从句中的虚拟语气。译文：我已经从老板那得到指令， 这项工作在今天下午五点钟之前要完成。详细解答：that引导同位语从句，说明 order的内容。同时从句要用虚拟语气，从句谓语用should+动词原形的形式， should可以省略。第29题【单项选择题】【填句补文】 Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.A、This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、This doesn't necessarily mean that it will go well.C、Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、 Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析】抓住关键词进行同义替换,也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对 这种担忧的补充，这种担忧是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问 自己。第30题【单项选择题】【2009.7 The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well. A、nourishedB、stuffedC、tamedD、ventured14【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查过去分词意义区分。译文：如果受伤的战士营养很好，他 们就会很快痊愈。A营养，滋养；B填满，塞满；C驯服（猛兽）；D冒险第31题【单项选择题】【阅读选择Good news for chocoholics： the treat preferred by millions all over the world is good for you, according to American researchers at the University of California. Chocolate contains substances called flavonoids（类黄酮）that can help maintain a healthy heart and good circulation. The researchers have discovered that cocoa acts like aspirin and that eating a bar of chocolate has also been shown to release endorphins in the body： these chemicals help to reduce pain and stress and make you feel happy.Why is chocolate good for heart and circulation?A、It reduces pain and stress.B、It contains substances called flavonoids.C、It releases endorphins in human body.D、It acts like aspirin to protect heart.【正确答案】B【答案解析】因果关系词信号词。但凡注释中文的地方可能是答案区域。第32题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】During these past few years I used Associated Content to try writing. I found writing for that site was not my cup of tea. However, my experience there was positive as I was rewarded with even more learning opportunities just by dipping my toes into the water. Through Associated Content I was introduced to the world of blogging. I decided to learn how to set up a blog myself. Now I'm interested in blogging and continue to work as a writer. What is the author's purpose of using the site Associated Content?A、To write for the site Yahoo! Contributor Network.B、To know more about other writers.15C、To have one of his articles published.D、To become a network writer.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。根据本段的I decided to learn how to set up a blog myself. Now I'm interested in blogging and continue to work as a writer 确定 D 答案0 A 选项 是作者偶然获得的结果，并非刚开始写作时的目的，可排除；B选项不是作者的 目的；C选项是作者两年前己经取得的成果，无需再定为自己目标。第33题【单项选择题】He would that all the classified data should be kept safe when inoffice.A、assureB、 ensureC、 insureD、secure【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查动词意义区分。【译文】他保证在办公室里的所有机密数 据处于平安状态。【详细解答】A使确信，使有信心；B确保（某事）发生，担 保；C为投保，给保险；D平安的，没有危险的第34题【单项选择题】2009.01 Modern economics the country's agricultural policies.A、undergoesB understandsC、underliesD、undertakes【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析工句意：现代经济学是国家农业政策的基础。考 查形近动词词义。A经历，经受；B 了解；C成为的基础；D承当，保证。16第35题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （M岁老人）get asked all the time： ”How did you live to be 100?"Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是"这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区，文章开头局部提到了"community（社区），但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第36题【单项选择题】【填句未卜文】Home schooling is o代en more interesting than regular schools, but critics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life. However, most parents don't have the time or the desire to teach their children at home, so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children.B、A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.C、Children who are educated at home are known as "home-schoolers."D、Others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段大意是"对home schooling提出了质疑，需要注意前面说到 了"critics say”,空格处与之对应的是“Critics also say”。第37题【单项选择题】17【填句补文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. Says Sallie Chishol, an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming."A、"These are newer and better models,"B、Its opponents argue, however; that it will stop global warming.C、Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily.D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked up in the seabed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这个问题可以根据引号来作答，因为空格后面有“says这个词，它 预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A的意思是：这些是比拟新的也是比拟好 的模型。第38题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools, but critics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life. However, most parents don't have the time or the desire to teach their children at home, so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education.A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. B A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.C、Children who are educated at home are known as "home-schoolers."D、Others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段大意是对home schooling提出了质疑，需要注意前面说到 了"critics say”,空格处与之对应的是"Critics also say"。18第39题【单项选择题】2007.04 Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to beA、shut downB、done awayC、gone offD、called off【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shutdown：关闭（工厂）；（工厂）停工，关闭。do away常与with搭配，构成do away with。go off：爆炸，（闹铃）响。第40题【单项选择题】【2008.10 1Country life is better than city life it offers fresh air and noiselessenvironment.A、in thatB、as thatC、as forD、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新 鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作 一个固定词组。A在于，原因是,在方面;C.关于,至于,举例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature.我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第41题【单项选择题】2010.04 Experts have found that normal sleep can be divided into five stages.A、moderate19第2题【单项选择题】2008.04 The cloth had a natural look which perfectly the image Laurasought.A、turned outB、set downC、thought overD、coincided with【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查短语意义辨析。这块布料看起来很自然，与劳拉寻找的样 式完全相符。A.关闭；B.制定、放下；D.与相同、与相符。第3题【单项选择题】2008.10 JCountry life is better than city life it offers fresh air and noiselessenvironment.A、in thatB、as thatC、as forD、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新 鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作 一个固定词组。A在于，原因是，在方面；C.关于，至于，举例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature.我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第4题【单项选择题】【2009.10 So far scientists have only acquired understanding of the physicalprocesses that cause earthquakes.B、initialC、distinctD、 advanced【正确答案】C【答案解析】【译文】专家们已经发现正常的睡眠可以分为五个不同的阶段。【试 题分析】此题考查词汇。【详细解答】形容词的词义选取。第42题【单项选择题】2008.10 Never before so rapidly developing as it is today.A、has our country been has been our country C、our country has been D、our country been has 【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查语法。【译文】我们国家从未像现在这样高速开展。【详细 解答】否认词never在句首，该句子应采用局部倒装。第43题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, they're asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest birds, trees, flowers budding, etc, and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All that's needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.In "All that's needed to become one. (paragraph 2) ，what does the word "one"20 stands for ?A、a citizen journalistB、a citizen scientistC> a scientistD、a citizen【正确答案】B【答案解析】one不仅是数词也是代词；代词指代的名词或句子一般出现在代词 的前一句，要注意区分代词单、复数。第44题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its Value therefore, was as a predictor of children'
