高中英语高考英语名词常考题型例题及答案第c3421期.docx

高中英语高考英语名词常考题型例题及答案单项选择题（精选试题-名师出品）1、Giorgio, now fifteen, and Lucia, also in her teens, were reaching the of their adolescence.A. crisisB. criterionC. causalityD. credibility答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现年15岁的乔治和青少年的的露西亚正处于青春的“危机期。A.crisis危机； B.criterion标准；C.causality因果关系；D.credibility可靠性。根据句意和选项可知，他们都处于青春期,有青 春期的问题，所以应选危机。应选A项。2、Soldiers who are fighting together often have a strong feeling of.A. brotherhoodB. brotherC. brothersD. brotherly答案：A解析：考查名词。句意:一起作战的上兵通常有强烈的兄弟情谊。A. brotherhood兄弟情谊;B. brother兄弟;C.brothers 兄弟（复数）;D. brotherly 兄弟的。根据上文"Soldiers who are fighting together"（一起作战的士兵）可知, 一起作战的士兵会有强烈的兄弟情谊，所以此处指“兄弟情谊”，应用名词brotherhood,应选A。3、Due the widespread of this medical technology, more diseases can be discovered and treated at anearly stage.A. approvals. applicationC. approachD. appreciation答案：B解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：由于这种医疗科技的广泛应用，更多的疾病可以在早期被发现和治疗。A.叩proval 赞成，同意;B. application申请，应用;C. approach方式，方法;D. appreciation欣赏。由于医疗科技广泛应用，疾病才可能在早期被发现和治疗，空处应用名词application,表示“应用“。应选B项。A. disappointmentB. delightC. amazementD. satisfaction答案：A解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：让他失望的是，每天都在下雨，毁掉了这次旅行。A. disappointment失望；B. delight喜悦；C. amazement惊讶；D. satisfaction满意。由句意推断，句中描述的事实是令人失望的，应使用 to one's disappointment表示“令人失望的是"。应选A。30、As a soldier, he showed selfless to duty.A. devotionB. conservationC. assumptionD. comparison答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名士兵，他表现出j'对职责的无私奉献。A.devotion贡献；B.conservation 保存,保持；C.assumption假定;D parison比拟。根据selfless和to duty可知，此处是指对职责的无私奉 献。应选Ao31、In the lab, keeping things clean and organized can help provide a safer.A. systemB. methodC. investmentD. environment答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：在实验室里，保持物品的清洁和有序有助于提供一个更平安的环境。A. system体系，系统;method方法：C. investment投资；D. environment环境。根据常识可知，保持物品清洁有序可以创造更安 全的实验环境(environment)。应选D项。32、The gained from this experience has invested my life with new meaning.A. departures. insightC. proofD. setting答案：B10解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：从这次经历中获得的领悟在我的生命中赋予了新的意义。A. departure离开；B.insight领悟;C. proof证据;D. setting环境;背景。根据new meaning可知,insight"领悟"符合句意。应选B。33、What was the of the football match last night?AC Milan won the game.A. valueB. resultC. choiceD. decision答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一昨晚足球比赛的结果是什么？ 一一AC米兰赢了。A. value价值；B. result结果;choice选择；D. decision决定。根据答语"AC Milan won the game."可知此处是在问比赛结果，应选B。34、Citizens are braving the to get nucleic acid tests as COVID-19 outbreak has reoccurred in Harbin.A. elementsB. seasonC. factorsD. climate答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析句意：随着新型冠状病毒在哈尔滨再次爆发，市民们正勇敢地接受核酸检测。A.elements 要素；B. season 季节；C. factors 因素；D. climate 气候。根据后文“to get nucleic acid tests"表示"勇敢 做某事”应用 brave the elements to(> 应选 A。35、 Despite years of from publishers, she persevered in her attempt to establish herself as a writer.A. enduranceB. rejectionC. blessingD. companionship答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管多年来遭到出版商的拒绝，她仍坚持要成为一名作家。A. endurance耐力，持久力；B. rejection拒绝，抛弃；C. blessing祝福，祈祷,福祉；D. companionship友谊，情谊。根据句意可知, rejection "拒绝,抛弃”，符合题意。应选B项。1136、Keep quiet, son! I need complete when I'm working.Sorry, Dad. I won't make any noise again.A. silenceB. trustC. controlD. strength答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一安静点，儿子！我在工作时需要绝对的沉默。一一对不起，爸爸。我不会再发 出声响了。A. silence寂静,沉默;B. trust信任：C. control控制;D. strength力量。由语境中父亲要求安静和 儿子做的回答不难推断，父亲想要安静的工作环境。应选A。37、 Laziness is the of his failure.A. reasonB. causeC. excuseD. way答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：懒惰是他失败的原因。A. reason原因；B. cause原因；C. excuse借口； D. way方法。 reason说明某种行为或看法的理由，后接介词for； cause说明某种事实或现象的原因，后接介词of。应选B。38、Mr. Wang was a man of before he turned.A. success, a writerB. a success, writerC. success, writerD. a success, a money答案：C解析：考查名词辨析。句意：王先生在成为作家之前是个成功人士。success成功，不可数名词。假设作可数名词，抽 象名词具体化，表示“一个成功的人或事情"。此处前面已经有a,故of后面不用冠词3o a man of success 一个 成功的人。turn为系动词，后面接名词作表语，turn writer成为作家，不用冠词，表示概念。应选C项。39、Well never forget the Zhong Nanshan has made to the fight against COVID-19.12A. pressB. donationsC. contributionsD. efforts答案：C解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：我们永远不会忘记钟南山为抗击新冠肺炎疫情作出的贡献。A.press新闻界； B.donations捐赠；contributions贡献:D.efforts努力。根据常识可知,我们永远不会忘记钟南山为抗击新冠 肺炎疫情作出的贡献，空格处意为“贡献”，应选C。40、Your suggestions are far from worthless and they make a good deal of to me.A. differenceB. senseC. influenceD. meaning答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的建议绝非亳无价值，对我来说很有意义。A. difference差异；B. sense意义： 理解力;C. influence影响；D. meaning意思。短语make a good deal of sense to sb表示“对某人很有意义”。故 选Be41、It was a great for Alice to be invited to speak in front of many famous scientists.A. functionB. requestC. processD. honour答案：D解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：爱丽丝被邀请在许多著名的科学家面前演讲深感荣幸。A. function功能；B.request 请求;C. process 过程：D. honour 荣幸。根据"be invited to speak in front of many famous scientists”可知, 对爱丽丝而言，这是莫大的荣幸。应选D。42、In many the new version is not as good as the old one.A. packsB. aspectsC. stylesD. points答案：B13解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在许多方面，新版本不如旧版本好。A. packs背包；B. aspects方面；C. styles方式;D. points要点。根据后文“the new version is not as good as the old one”指在许多方面新版本不如旧版本好，应 用aspect。应选Bo43、During the department store's annual autumn, all clothing will be half price.A. engagements. promotionC. interaction答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在百货公司一年一度的秋季促销期间，所有的衣服都是半价。A. engagement约定; B. promotion促销活动；C. interaction互动。根据后文"all clothing will be half price."可知，因为所有的衣服半价 销售，所有此处指百货公司在促销。应选B。44、The curious girl looked at the box and then she opened it out of.A. curious, curiousB. curiously, curiosityC. curiously, curiousD. curiosity, curiously答案：B解析：考查词副词和名词。句意：这个好奇的女孩好奇地看了看盒子，然后出于好奇把它翻开了。A.curious好奇的: curious 好奇的；B.curiously 好奇地，curiosity 好奇心；C. curiously 好奇地,curious 好奇的；D.curiosity 好奇心， curiously好奇地。分析句子结构可知，第一空应填写副词修饰动词looked；根据“out of”可知，第二空应填写 名词,out of curiosity意为"出于好奇",应选B。45、Many teenagers want to be like Zhong Nanshan when they grow up.A. writersB. engineersC. doctorsD. cleaners答案：C 解析:14 考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多青少年长大后想成为钟南山那样的医生。A. writers作家；B. engineers工程师: C doctors医生;D. cleaners清洁工。根据"like Zhong Nanshan”可知，此处表示想成为医生。应选C。46、I hope my teacher will take into the fact that I was ill just before the exams when she mypaper.A. account; marksB. count; marksC. account; markedD. count; marked答案：A解析：考查固定短语和时态。句意：当老师在批改我的试卷时，我希望她会把我考前生病了这个事实考虑在内。account账户，解释,表达；count计算，总数.take sth into account考虑到，顾及，是固定短语;根据“my teacher wHI take into"使用的一般将来时可知，when引导的时间状语从句应用一般现在时，应选A项。47、 Many stations have wheelchair from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.A. approvals. averageC. accessD. angle答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多车站都有从停车场或入口到站台的轮椅通道。A. approval赞成；B. average平 均数；C. access 通道；D. angle 角度。由下文“from the car park or entrance to the station platforms"可知，此处 说的是从停车场或入口到站台的轮椅通道。应选C。小提不：48、Seeing the happy of children playing in the park, Tm full of joy and confidence in the future of our travelagency.A. sightB. viewC. sceneryD. scene答案：D解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：看到孩子们在公园里玩耍的快乐场景，我对我们旅行社的未来充满了喜悦和信心。15A.sight 景象;B.view 看法；C.scenery 风景；D. scene 场景。根据句意分析,children playing in the park 表“孩 子们在公园里玩耍”，是一个动态情况，用scene符合语意。应选D项。49、Try to keep a between work and relaxation.A. healthB. balanceC. fitD. balanced答案：B解析：考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：努力在工作和休闲之间保持平衡。A.health健康；B.balance平衡；C.fit健康的；D.balanced平衡的。a后跟名词作宾语，由between work and relaxation可知，句子说“努力在工作和 休闲之间保持平衡”，因此空格处是"平衡"，即balance, keep a balance between.and.是固定短语，意为“在和之间保持平衡”,应选B。50、Is money the of a happy life?A. basisesB. basicC. basisD. based答案：C解析：考查名词。句意:金钱是幸福生活的基础吗？ A. basises名词，basis的复数形式，意为"基础：B. basic形容词, 意为“基本的；基础的；C. basis名词，意为“基础"；D. based形容词，意为“在.居住（或工作）；基地（或 总部）在；为基础的"。the basis of.的基础，用名词的单数形式。应选C。51、 Finding time for both studies and extra-curricular activities is a big challenge, so I need to make a workable.A. the timeB. timesC. scheduleD. schedules答案：C解析：考查名词辨析。句意：抽出时间来学习和参加课外活动是一个巨大的挑战。因此我需要做一个切实可行的时 间表。A. the time时间；B. times时代；C. schedule时间表；D. schedules时间表（复数）。根据句意可知，抽16出时间学习和做课外活动是一个挑战，所以要制定计戈IJ,而且根据单词a可知，应选可数名词单数，应选C。小提不：根据句意来选择合适的词，根据名词前面的冠词可知应填单数还是复数。52、The government has announced a new to help lower the greenhouse gas emissions.A. advisorB. budgetC. initiativeD. perspective答案：C解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：政府宣布了一项新举措，以帮助减少温室气体的排放。A. advisor顾问；B. budget 预算；C. initiative 建议；新方案；D. perspective 态度。根据"announced"及"to help lower the greenhouse gas emissions”可知，initiative”建议;新方案”符合句意。应选C。53、Today, as we learn more about sharks, more people than ever want to protect them from.A. destinationB. extinctionC. exhibitionD. institution答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，随着我们对鲨鱼了解的越来越多，越来越多的人想要保护它们免于灭绝。A. destination 目的地;B. extinction 灭绝;C. exhibition 展览；D. institution 机构。根据前文 protect them from 等 句意可知，此处指保护鲨鱼免于灭绝。应选B项。54、Before getting on a coach, a train or plane, you must have the of your bag checked to make sure youaren't carrying any dangerous things.A. detailsB. contentsC. ingredientsD. entrances答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在上长途汽车、火车或飞机之前，你必须检杳一下包里的东西，以确保你没有携带任何危险物品。A. details细节;B. contents内容,所容纳之物;C. ingredients原料；D. entrances入口。由17语意可知，为了确保没有携带危险物品，你必须检查包里所装的东西。应选B项。55、The of penicillin is very helpful in fighting against bacteria.A. generations. statisticC. nutritionD. discovery答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：青霉素的发现对对抗细菌很有帮助。A. generation 一代;B. statistic统计；C.nutrition 营养；D. discovery 发现。根据后文“of penicillin is very helpful in fighting against bacteria"指青霉素的发 现，应用discovery,应选D“184、I want to buy as a birthday gi代 for my sister.A. some jewelB. a piece of jewelC. a jewelleryD. a piece of jewellery答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：我想买一件珠宝作为我妹妹的生日礼物。jewel指宝石，珍宝，一般指的仅仅是宝石； jewellery珠宝首饰,侧重指首饰，为不可数名词,表示"一件珠宝"应用a piece of jewellery。应选D。5、He made a quick to the new surroundings. In other words, he was more.A. adoption, adaptiveB. adaptation, adaptiveC. adapt, adaptableD. adaptation, adaptable答案：D解析：考杳名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：他很快就适应了新环境。换句话说，他的适应能力更强。A. adoption, adaptive采用;适应的,常用在专业术语当中;B. adaptation, adaptive适应；适应的：C. adapt, adaptable动词, 适应;能适应的,适应性强的，指在生活中表示适应能力强;D. adaptation, adaptable 能适应的,适应 性强的。第一空根据后文“to the new surroundings”可知指适应新环境，应用make a quick adaptation；第二空 表示在新环境中“适应能力强”应用形容词adaptable.,应选D。6、Male nurses are difficult to hire as many men reject this out of the long-existing discrimination.A. concepts. assessmentC. identityD. personality答案：C解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：男护士很难被雇佣到是因为许多男性出于长期存在的歧视而抵抗这个身份。A.concept 观念；B. assessment 评估，评价；C. identity 身份；D. personality 个性，品格。根据空前"Male nurses are difficult to hire”及空后"out of the long-existing discrimination可知，很多男性抵抗男护士这个身份。应选 C项。7、The motor industry declares that electric cars will become mainstream （主流）over the next.A. entranceB. decadeC. committeeD. feedback答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：汽车工业宣称电动汽车将在未来十年成为主流。A. entrance入口； B. decade十年;C committee委员会;D. feedback反应。根据句意以及前文over the next可知,此处指“在未来十年应选B 项。8、Finding information in today's world is easy. The is how you can tell if the information you get is useful ornot.A. contextB. challengeC. competitionD. stress答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在当今世界寻找信息是很容易的。挑战在于如何判断所获得的信息是否有用。A.context 语境，上下文；B. challenge 挑战；C. competition 竞争；D. stress 压力。根据"how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.可知，如何判断所获得的信息是否有用是很大的挑战。应选9、The coach has in his athletes.A. confidenceB. competenceC. convenienceD. expectation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：教练对他的运发动有信心。A.confidence信心；B petence能力：C.convenience 方便；D.expectation期望。由The coach和his athletes可知，句子表示“教练对他的运发动有信心”,have confidence in sb.是固定短语，意为“对某人有信心，应选A。10、People in this country who have no job can get money from, but it isn't much to live on.A. welfareB. priceC. prizeD. salary答案：A 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个国家里，失业者可以从社会福利中得到钱，但靠这点钱生活并不算多。A.welfare (政府给予的)福利;B. price价格;C. prize奖赏;D. salary工资。根据前文".who have no job”可知， 因为是没有工作的人，由此可知，此处需用名词welfare,表示从社会福利中得到钱。应选A。11、There is a nice picture in the little bedroom. She likes it very much.A. girlB. girlsC. girl'sD. girls,答案：C解析：考杳名词所有格。句意：小女孩的卧室里有一张漂亮的照片。她非常喜欢它。根据句意和空格后"bedroom可 知，空格处应用名词所有格，表示“小女孩的卧室"，根据句中"She"可知，句中指一个小女孩，故排除B和D, 单数名词的所有格直接在名词后加“'s，故空格处应填“girl's”,意为“女孩的。应选C项。12、Music should be taught on a regular basis in schools because of the it can bring to the development ofchildren's brains.A. systemsB. prioritiesC. barriersD. benefits答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校应该定期教授音乐，因为音乐对儿童大脑的发育有好处。A. systems体系，系 统；B. priorities 优先事项；C. barriers 隙碍；D. benefits 好处。根据"Music should be taught on a regular basis in schools"推知，音乐对儿童大脑的开展是有好处的。应选D。小提示：13、Only a(n)of people are interested in that political issue.A. flockB. amountC. handfulD. bagful答案：C解析: 考查固定短语。句意：只有少数人对那个政治问题感兴趣。A. flock (鸟或羊等动物)群，一大群人；B.amount数量；C. handful 一把；少数，少量；D. bagful满口袋。a handful of少量的，一小局部。根据空前的 “only可知只有少数的人对政治感兴趣。应选C。14、Nowadays, when you enter a shopping mall or bank, the staff there will take your temperature at the entrance as a matter of.A. contactB. routineC. virtueD. manners答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，当你进入购物商场或者银行时，员工会在入口按照惯例给你量体温。A. contact联系；B. routine惯例，常规；C. virtue道德，美德；D. manners礼貌。根据句子分析可知，此处表示“按照惯例，作为例行公事”，表达为as a matter of routine。应选B。小提示：15、Though David received the from the school basketball team, he didn't give up his dream andcontinued practicing hard.A. interactions. companionshipC. cooperationD. rejection答案:D解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：虽然大卫遭到了学校篮球队的拒绝，但他并没有放弃自己的梦想，并继续努力练 习。A. interaction 互动；B. companionship 友谊；C. cooperation 合作；D. rejection 拒绝。根据上下文的转折 关系，可知大卫遭到了学校篮球队的拒绝，拒绝(rejection)符合语境和句意，应选D。16、Through that “window of the soul”, the eye, I can only z/seez/ through my fingertips the of a face.A. criticismB. outlineC. gentlenessD. pace答案：B解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：透过“灵魂之窗的眼睛，我只能通过指尖“看到一张脸的轮廓。A.criticism批评；B. outline轮廓；C.gentleness温柔；D. pace在奏。分析句意可知,此空意为"轮廓"，名词outline意为"轮廓", see为及物动词，后接名词outline作宾语。应选B项。17、There is no need to tell me your answer now. Give it some and then let me know.A. thoughtB. strengthsC. protectionD. authority答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在没有必要告诉我你的答案。考虑一下，然后告诉我。A,thought思考：Bo strengths 力量；C.protection 保护；D.authority 权威。根据"There is no need to tell me your answer now”可知， 现在没有必要告诉我你的答案。考虑一下，然后告诉我。应选A项。18、Xiongan New Area(XNA) in Hebei Province will cover around 200 square kilometres after its.A. expectations. expansionC. exceptionD. exhibition答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：河北雄安新区扩建后将占地约200平方公里。A. expectation期待；B. expansion扩 大，扩建；C. exception 例夕卜；D. exhibition 展览。根据上文“cover around 200 square kilometres after its”可知, 表示扩建后将占地约200平方公里，应用expansiono应选B。19、My first was to go straight to Henry and tell him my news, but on reflection I thought better of it.A. impulseB. baitC. bounceD. distinction答案：A解析：考杳名词词义辨析。句意：我的第一个冲动是直接去找亨利把我的消息告诉他，但经过深思熟虑，我改变了主意。A. impulse 冲动；B. bait 诱饵；C. bounce 弹跳;D. distinction 差异。根据句意和句中“but on reflection I6thought better of it"可知，"我"之前的决定未经过深思熟虑，是冲动的做法，impulse意为"冲动"。应选A项。20、Tom's parents' behavior, as well as their words a key effect on him during the past twenty years.A. haveB. have hadC. has hadD. has答案：C解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的20年里，汤姆父母的行为和话语都对他有关键的影响。根据时间 状语"during the past twenty years可知，句子谓语用现在完成时。当“as well as”并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就 远原那么，即和“behavior保持一致，所以要用第三人称单数形式。应选C。21、Thank goodness the lifeguard came to my; otherwise, I might have drowned!A. senseB. effortC. attentionD. rescue答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，救生员来救我：否那么，我可能淹死了！ A. sense感觉，意识；B. effort 努力；C. attention注意力；D. rescue营救，援救。根据句意，此处涉及动词短语come to on