高中英语高考英语名词重点题型及知识点带答案第e6339期.docx

高中英语高考英语名词重点题型及知识点带答案单项选择题（精选试题名师出品）1、The students are having a on whether children should attend tutorial classes or not.A. quarrelB. debateC. fightD. topic答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：学生们正在就孩子们是否应该上辅导班而辩论。A.quarrel争吵；B.debate辩论；C.fight吵架，打架；D.topic主题，话题。由on后接的whether引导的宾语从句可知，这一动作是围绕一个话 题的正误或者合理性进行的，显然是指辩论、讨论。应选B项。2、Heroes like Officer Cai made major to the anti-drug cause（禁毒事业）.A. contributionsB. progressC. donationsD. efforts答案：A解析：考查名词辨析。句意：像蔡警官这样的英雄为禁毒事业做出了重大贡献。A. contributions贡献；B.progress进 步；C. donations捐赠；D. efforts努力。根据句中的"Heroes可知，从事禁毒事业的英雄们必定付出了许多, 因止匕“contributions贡献符合句意。应选A。小提示：3、 Mr. Green is a good. He is kind to his workers.A. employB. employeeC. employerD. employment答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：格林先生是个好雇主。他对工人很好。A. employ雇用，既可以用作动词也可以用 作名词;B. employee 雇员，职工；C. employer 老板；D. employment 雇用，职业。根据空后“He is kind to his workers.可知，空处需用名词employer,表示格林先生是好雇主，对工人好。应选C。答案：B 解析：考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：Cunningham的伟大之处在于他对摄影的热爱。A. photograph照片；B.photography摄影；C.photographer摄影师;D.photographic摄影的。空处应填名词作宾语,结合句意，此处 指对摄影的热爱，photography符合题意。应选B。30、 Don't worry. Flu is a(n)disease in this season. Take this medicine, and your temperature will soon return to.A. normal; commonB. common; normalC. ordinary; generalD. general; ordinary答案：B解析：考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：别担忧。流感是这个季节的常见病。吃了这药，你的体温很快就会恢复 正常。normal正常的；common常见的；general 一般的；ordinary普通的。根据句意，第一空格意义为常见 的”，用形容词形式修饰后面名词，作前置定语，common disease常见病；第二空格为“正常，return to normal恢复正常，强调人体体温正常，此处normal作名词。应选B项。31、are kept on the firm for their meat or milk.A. 200 head cattleB. 200 head of cattleC. 200 head cattlesD. 200 heads of cattle答案：B解析：考查名词。句意：该公司饲养了 200头牛以获取肉或奶。表示牲畜的头数，用单位词head,单复数同形， cattle"牛是集体名词，单复数同形，200 head of cattle表示“200头牛。应选B。32> Genius is one percent and ninety-nine percent perspiration.A. collectionB. orientationC. inspirationD. resource10答案：c 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:天才是百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水。A. collection聚集；B.orientation 方向； 信仰；C. inspiration 灵感；D. resource 资源。 根据"and ninety-nine percent perspiration."可知， 天才需要灵感，但更多的是汗水。应选C。33、 He is under great because of his new job.A. stressB. strengthC. streamD. push答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为新工作，他现在的压力很大。A.stress压力；B. strength力量；C.stream小河; D.push推。under great stress表示：压力很大。由此可知A符合语境，应选A。34、 Organize all the information you have collected according to your.A. outcomeB. outgoingC. outlineD. output答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据你的提纲要点组织你收集到的所有信息。A. outcome结果；B. outgoing外出;C.outline提纲，概要；D. output输出。根据句意可知，根据提纲概要，组织所有信息，逻辑合理。应选C项。35、 We've always regarded Dr. Smith as a man of integrity and high professional.A. interests. attitudeC. competenceD. reputation答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们一直认为Smith博士为人正直，专业能力强。A. interest兴趣；B. attitude态度；C. competence能力；D. reputation声誉。根据前文“high professional”可知，Smith博士专业能力强。应选11C项。36、 In of our motherland, a large number of people lost their lives.A. defendB. defendsC. defenceD. defending答案：c解析：考查名词。句意：为了保卫祖国，许多人献出了生命。固定短语in defence of保护，为了保卫，后常接名词 作宾语。应选C项。37、 I want to know the sporting that catch the people/s attention in China.A. accidentsB. eventsC. incidentsD. occasion答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我想知道在中国引起人们关注的体育赛事。A.accident意外、意外事故；B.event 大事、公开活动、比赛工程；C.incident事故、事件；D.occasion场合。分析句子可知，本句所谈到的是体育 赛事、体育活动，应选B。38、 We would like to see closer between parents and schools.A. evolutionB. cooperationC. expectationD. rejection答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们希望家长和学校之间的合作更加紧密。A. evolution进化；B. coorperation合作;C. expectation 期望；D. rejection 拒绝。根据 closer 和 between parents and schools 可知，此处表示希望家长和 学校紧密合作。应选B。39、Credits （学分）in Advanced Placement classes can greatly help students gain to competitiveuniversities.A. admissionB. distinctionC. boundaryD. approval12答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：大学预修课程的学分可以极大地帮助学生进入有竞争力的大学。A.admission进入, 录取；B.distinction 区另U； C.boundary 边界；D.approval 批准。由“Credits （学分）in Advanced Placement classes can greatly help students"可知，句子表示“大学预修课程的学分可以极大地帮助学生进入有竞争力的大 学，因此空格处是“录取，进入，应选A。40> What the doctor warned us is that the sleep may cause anger, poor memory and poor concentration.A. want inB. demand onC. lack inD. lack of答案：D解析：考查短语辨析。句意：医生警告我们的是，睡眠缺乏会引起愤怒、记忆力差和注意力不集中。A. want in动词 短语"想要进来”;B.demand on名词短语“需要;C. lack in ,错误表达,正确形容词短语为be lacking in"在 缺少；D.lackof名词短语缺少。根据句子结构，设空处缺少名词短语，与sleep一同作从句的主语，表示 睡眠缺乏。应选D。小提示：41> People who do not smoke have less of suffering from lung cancer than those who do so.A. potentials. causeC. hopeD. choice答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不吸烟的人比吸烟的人患肺癌的可能性小。A. potential可能性；潜在性；B. cause 原因；C.hope希望；D.choice选择。结合语境可知，句中将不吸烟的人与吸烟的人在患肺癌方面的可能 性（大小）方面进行了比拟。have potential of doing sth，固定短语，意为有做某事的可能性，符合语境搭 配。应选A项。42、They certainly need a of the fundamentals of playing their instruments, but learning to collaborate13requires understanding how these roles work together.A. stabilityB. graspC. acknowledgementD. manner答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们当然需要掌握演奏乐器的基本知识，但学会合作需要理解这些角色是如何协 同工作的。A. stability坚定；B.grasp掌握、领会；C.acknowledgement成认；D. manner举止。根据空后的“of the fundamentals of playing theK instruments”可知止匕处用 a grasp of 表示掌握"，应选 B。43、The staff in the zoo said it was hoped that the project would raise money for future work of animals.A. conservations. contributionC. consumptionD. conclusion答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：动物园的工作人员说，他们希望这个工程能为未来的动物保护工作筹集资金。A.conservation 保护；B.contribution 贡献；C.consumption 消耗；D.conclusion 总结。由“raise money for future work of animals可知，句子表示他们希望这个工程能为未来的动物保护工作筹集资金，因此空格 处是"保护",即conservation,应选A。44、Brought up by parents who are both devoted doctors, he has high for medical professionals and theirwork.A. regardB. attitudeC. establishmentD. wisdom答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析6句意；被两个有奉献精神的医生父母养大，他对医生职业和他们的工作极为尊敬。A.regard 尊敬；B.attitude 态度；C.establishment 建立；D.wisdom 智慧。根据"Brought up by parents who are both devoted doctors”可知，他对医生和他们的工作极为尊敬。应选A。45、 Jim has changed a lot this year and has made a good on others.14A. stressB. confusionC. impressionD. campus答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：吉姆今年变化很大，给别人留下了很好的印象。A.stress压力；B.confusion困惑；C.impression印象;D.campus校园。由前面的Jim has changed a lot可知,句子表示“吉姆今年变化很大,给别 人留下了很好的印象”,make a good impression on sb.是固定短语,意为“给某人留下很好的印象,应选Co46、While the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was under construction, how to protect the delicate ecosystem was among the top.A. concernsB. trendsC. characteristicsD. preferences答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管青藏铁路在建设中，但是如何保护脆弱的生态环境列在了最大的担忧之列。A.concerns担忧;B. trends潮流;C.characteristics特征；D.preferences偏好。根据常识可知,对生态环境的破 坏问题是公众所担忧的问题，只有A项符合语义逻辑，应选A项。47 In the of proof, the police could not take action against the man.A. lackB. shortageC. absenceD. failure答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在没有证据的情况下，警方不能对那个人采取行动。Alack缺少，多用于缺乏信 心、经验缺乏等场景；B. shortage短缺，指缺乏，但侧重达不到规定的，需要的或应有的数量；C.absence缺席，指某物根本不存在或完全短缺，或某人虽存在，但未到现场；D. failure失败。根据后文"of proof, the police could not take action against the man表示事物根本不存在或完全短缺，应用 absence,应选 C。48、The of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours makes Gong Bao Chicken hard to resist.A. decorationB. constructionC. competitionD. combination15答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：辣、咸、甜、酸的混合口味使宫保鸡丁难以抗拒。A.decoration装饰；B.construction建造；C petition竞争；D bination结合。设空处在句中作主语，结合句意和空后的"of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours”可知，此处是指几种口味的结合。应选D。49、We saw a flock of sparrows and Dad said that they had a wide throughout the country.A. distributions. possessionC. professionD. platform答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们看到一群麻雀，爸爸说它们广泛分布在全国各地。A. distribution分布，分发;possession 拥有,持有；C. profession 职业；D. platform 平台。结合空后的“throughout the country可知，此 处指它们分布在全国各地。应选A项。50 She tried not to show in her treatment of the children in her care.A. qualifications. preferenceC. expectationD. blame答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她尽量不偏袒她照顾的孩子。A.qualification资格；B.preference偏爱；C.expectation期盼；D.blame责备。根据句意，此处表示对于她照顾的孩子她没有显示出偏爱。选项B符合题 意，应选Bo51、 Before liberation the laboring people had no to education.A. accessB. approachC. entranceD. admission答案：A解析：16 考查名词词义辨析。句意：解放前，劳动人民没有受教育的机会。A. access使用机会，通路；B.approach方 法，途径；C. entrance入口； D. admission准许进入。结合句意表达“有接触的机会，可以接触用have access too 应选 A。52 There is a world of between liking someone and loving them.A. differenceB. amusementC. expressionD. description答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个喜欢一个人和爱一个人完全不同的世界。A. difference不同；B.amusement高兴；C. expression表达；D. description描写。根据句子意思可知，"like和"love是近义词，但是 程度不一样，所以表达出它们的不同。应选A项。53、 I am afraid I can not help you as it is beyond my.A. forceB. strengthC. energyD. power答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：恐怕我帮不了你的忙，这事我无能为力。A. force武力；B.strength力量；C. energy 能量；D. power 能力。根据上文“I am afraid I can not help you as it is beyond my可知为短语 beyond one's power表示“力所不及。应选Do54、We may meet in our senior high school life, but we will never give up.A. descriptionsB. momentsC. challengesD. exchanges答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们可能会在高中生活中遇到挑战，但我们永远不会放弃。A. descriptions描述；moments 片刻；C. challenges 挑战；D. exchanges 交换。根据句意和句中"we will never give up"可知,我们应 该是遇到挑战,但不放弃，“challenge意为挑战，名词词性，challenges为其复数形式,在句中作宾语。17应选C项。55、Applying for jobs can be a long and painful.A. processB. benefitC. positionD. climate答案：A解析：考查名词辨析。句意：求职可能是一个漫长而又艰难的历程。A. process过程；B.benefit益处；C.position位 置;D. climate气候。根据"Applying for jobs”可知，求职是一个过程，应选A。56、Our main task at the moment is to provide a for the survivors of the disaster-hit areas.A. routeB. concernC. shelterD. schedule答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们目前的主要任务是，为受灾地区的幸存者提供庇护所。A.route路线；B.concern 关心；C.shelter 避难所，住所；D.schedule 时间表。根据句中 for the survivors of the disasterhit areas 可知，此处指给受灾地区的幸存者提供住所。应选C。57、Giorgio, now fifteen, and Lucia, also in her teens, were reaching the of their adolescence.A. crisisB. criterionC. causalityD. credibility答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现年15岁的乔治和青少年的的露西亚正处于青春的危机期。A.crisis危机； B.criterion标准；C.causality因果关系;D.credibility可靠性。根据句意和选项可知,他们都处于青春期，有青 春期的问题，所以应选危机。应选A项。58、 Soldiers who are fighting together often have a strong feeling of.A. brotherhoods. brotherC. brothersD. brotherly18答案：A 解析：考查名词。句意：一起作战的士兵通常有强烈的兄弟情谊。A. brotherhood兄弟情谊；B. brother兄弟；C.brothers 兄弟（复数）；D. brotherly 兄弟的。根据上文“Soldiers who are fighting together（一起作战的士兵）可知, 一起作战的士兵会有强烈的兄弟情谊，所以此处指兄弟情谊，应用名词brotherhood,应选A。59、Due the widespread of this medical technology, more diseases can be discovered and treated at anearly stage.A. approvals. applicationC. approachD. appreciation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于这种医疗科技的广泛应用，更多的疾病可以在早期被发现和治疗。A. approval 赞成，同意；B. application申请，应用；C.approach方式，方法；D. appreciation欣赏。由于医疗科技广泛应 用，疾病才可能在早期被发现和治疗，空处应用名词application,表示应用。应选B项。60、Lily, why don*t join us for camping?Thank you, Jack. It's a very kind, but I have to finish my task.A. decisions, promisee. choiceD. offer答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一莉莉，为什么不和我们一起露营呢？一谢谢，杰克。这是一个很好的提议，但我必须完成我的任务。A.decision决定；B.promise允诺；C.choice选择；D.offer提议。根据上文Lily, whydon*t join us for camping?”,可知这时一个提议,应选 Do61> You must read the on the bottle and take the right amount of medicine.A. explanationsB. introductionsC. constrictionsD. instructions答案：D194、 My brother is a shy boy, so it is a great for him to sing in front of the judges and audience.A. chanceB. challengeC. characteristicD. change答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的弟弟是一个害羞的男孩，因此在裁判和观众面前唱歌对他来说是一个巨大的 挑战。A. chance机会;B.challenge挑战；C.characteristic特点，特征；D.change改变。根据句意可知,此处 表示弟弟害羞，当众唱歌对他是挑战。应选B。5、Cosplay, short for costume play, is a of costume creation and role-playing, and it's a big part ofthe at Comic-Con, the annual pop culture exposition in San Diego.A. mix.sceneB. mix.sceneryC. confusion.sceneD. confusion.scenery答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Cosplay (costume play的简称)是服装表演的缩写，是服装创作和角色扮演的混淆， 它是圣地亚哥年度流行文化博览会动漫展(Comic-Con)的重要组成局部。A.mix混合scene场景；B.mix混 合.scenery 风景； C.confusion 混淆.scene 场景；D.confusion 混淆.scenery 风景。由 Cosplay 和 costume creation and role-playing 可矢口， Cosplay 是 costume creation and role-playing 的混合， 因此第一空是 mix； 由 at Comic-Con, the annual pop culture exposition in San Diego可知，它是圣地亚哥年度流行文化博览会动漫展 (Comic-Con)的重要组成局部，动漫展是一个场景，因此第二空是scene, scenery指的是自然风景，应选A。6、The resolution will be significant for the nation to seize the period of strategic as it faces the mostcomplicated external environments.A. organizationB. oppositionC. opportunityD. occupation答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：该决议对于我国在最复杂的外部环境下抓住战略机遇期具有重要意义。A.解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须仔细阅读药瓶上的说明，然后服用正确的剂量。A. explanations解释；B.introductions 介绍；C. constrictions 压缩；D. instructions 说明。根据句中“take the right amount of medicine" oj推知，要读的是用药说明，instructions常用复数形式，表示说明，说明书，符合句意。应选D项。62、Male nurses are difficult to hire as many men reject this out of the long-existing discrimination.A. concepts. assessmentC. identityD. personality答案：C 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：男护士很难被雇佣到是因为许多男性出于长期存在的歧视而抵抗这个身份。A.concept 观念；B. assessment 评估，评价；C. identity 身份；D. personality 个性,品格。根据空前"Male nurses are difficult to hire"及空后"out of the long-existing discrimination”可知，很多男性抵抗男护士这个身份。应选 C63、The motor industry declares that electric cars will become mainstream （主流）over the nextA. entranceB. decadeC. committeeD. feedback答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:汽车工业宣称电动汽车将在未来十年成为主流。A. entrance入口； B. decade十年; C. committee委员会;D. feedback反应。根据句意以及前文over the next可知,此处指“在未来十年”。应选B 项。64、 Finding information in today's world is easy. The is how you can tell if the information you get is usefulor not.A. contextB. challengeC. competitionD. stress答案：B 解析:20 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在当今世界寻找信息是很容易的。挑战在于如何判断所获得的信息是否有用。A.context 语境，上下文；B. challenge 挑战；C. competition 竞争；D. stress 压力。根据"how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not."可知，如何判断所获得的信息是否有用是很大的挑战。应选B。65 The coach has in his athletes.A. confidenceB. competenceC. convenienceD. expectation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：教练对他的运发动有信心。A.confidence信心；B petence能力；C.convenience 方便；D.expectation期望。由The coach和his athletes可知,句子表示“教练对他的运发动有信心",have confidence in sb.是固定短语，意为"对某人有信心，应选A。66、 If man continued to waste natural resources with no thought for the future, the later would be in danger.A. representativesB. operatorsC. generationsD. candidates答案：c解析：考查名词。句意：如果人类不为未来着想而继续浪费自然资源，后代将处于危险之中。A.representatives代表;operators经营者；C.generations世代；D.candidates候选人。结合句意,后代将会处于危险之中。应选C。67> Sara, try to do everything to the best within your.OK, I will.A. abilityB. habitC. powerD. attention答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一莎拉，尽你所能做到最好。一一好的，我会的。A. ability能力；B. habit习惯；C.power权力；D. attention注意力。根据句意可知，句中指在你的能力范围内，尽力把一切做到最好。“ability意为"能力",名词词性,符合句意。应选A项。2168、 Through this, the disease was stopped in its tracks.A. infectionB. interruptionC. interventionD. intuition答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这种干预,阻断了这种疾病的传播。4infection感染;B.interruption打断,暂 停；C.intervention 干预,介入；D.intuition 直觉。结合"the disease was stopped in its tracks可知，此处指通过 干预，疾病被阻断传播，应选C项。69> Only a(n)of people are interested in that political issue.A. flockB. amountC. handfulD. bagful答案：c解析：考查固定短语。句意：只有少数人对那个政治问题感兴趣。A. flock (鸟或羊等动物)群，一大群人；B.amount数量；C.handful一把；少数，少量；D. bagful满口袋。a handful of少量的，一小局部。根据空前的 "only可知只有少数的人对政治感兴趣。应选C。70、Nowadays, when you enter a shopping mall or bank, the staff there will take your temperature at the entrance as a matter of.A. contactB. routineC. virtueD. manners答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，当你进入购物商场或者银行时，员工会在入口按照惯例给你量体温。A.contact联系;B. routine惯例，常规；C