高中英语高考英语名词笔记重点大全第m9638期.docx

高中英语高考英语名词笔记重点大全单项选择题(精选试题-名师出品)You shouldn't have been so rude to your friend. I think you owe him a(n).A. apologyB. favourC. debtD. attempt答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不应该对你的朋友那么粗鲁。我觉得你应该向他抱歉。A. apology抱歉；B.favour偏爱；C. debt债务；D. attempt试图。根据"so rude to your friend”可知，此处应该是因为对朋友的不礼 貌而向他抱歉。应选A项。2、Because of the tight and heavy workload of Grade 12, many students have to make use of their lunchbreak to finish homework.A. scheduleB. investigationC. performanceD. impression答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于高三年级课业紧张，课业繁重，许多学生不得不利用午休时间来完成作业。A. schedule 日程安排；B. investigation 调查；C. performance 表现；D. impression EfJ象。 根据"heavy workload of Grade 12可知，高三年级日程安排紧张。应选A项。3、 The of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours makes Gong Bao Chicken hard to resist.A. decorationB. constructionC. competitionD. combination答案:D解析：考查名词。句意：辣、咸、甜、酸的混合口味使宫保鸡丁难以抗拒。A.decoration装饰；B.construction建造；C petition竞争；D bination结合。设空处在句中作主语，结合句意和空后的of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours可知，此处是指几种口味的结合。应选D。 考查名词词义辨析。句意：把家具运到新公寓花了一整天的时间。A. debate辩论；B.survival生存；C.civilization文明；D.apartment公寓。根据空前“the furniture ”可知，空处需用名词apartment,表示把家具搬 到公寓去。应选D。30> Can you tell me your for happiness and a long life?Living every day to the full, definitely.A. recipeB. recordC. rangeD. receipt答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一你能告诉我幸福长寿的秘诀吗？一一充实地过好每一天。A. recipe方法，秘诀;record 记录；C. range 范围，界限;D. receipt 收据。根据语境和后文“for happiness and a long life”及Living every day to the full, definitely"可知，此处指"秘诀"。应选 A 项。31、 Tom's parents' behavior, as well as their words a key effect on him during the past twenty years.A. haveB. have hadC. has hadD. has答案：c解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的20年里，汤姆父母的行为和话语都对他有关键的影响。根据时间 状语"during the past twenty years可知，句子谓语用现在完成时。当"as well as”并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就 远原那么，即和behavior保持一致，所以要用第三人称单数形式。应选C。32、 We/ve had a few, but we're still good friends.A. disagreeB. disagreesC. disagreementD. disagreements答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：我们有过一些分歧，但我们仍然是好朋友。分析句子可知，设空处单词在句中作宾语，应 用名词，"disagree意为不同意,动词词性，故A和B排除，"disagreement意为分歧，为可数名词，句中10a few意为“一些，几个，后接可数名词复数形式，故空格处应用"disagreement的复数形式"disagreements"。应选D项。33、 Is there anything else in that you'd like to share with us?A. particularB. panicC. eagernessD. addition答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:还有没有什么别的你特别要和我们提供的吗？ A. particular特别的，讲究的；B.panic恐慌；C.eagerness渴望；D. addition力口法，相加，附加。固定短语in particular相当于副词表示尤其特 别，符合题意。in panic恐慌，in eagerness渴望地;inaddition此外，都可以排除。应选A项。34、While the rise of STEAM learning is relatively new, there are already that prove the integration ofthese seemingly distinct disciplines is supporting students' performance at school.A. featuresB. illustrationsC. picturesD. figures答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然STEAM学习的兴起相对较新，但已经有数据说明，将这些看似不同的学科整合在一起，有助于学生在学校的表现。A. features特征；B.illustrations说明；C.pictures图画;D. figures数据。 根据"that prove the integration of these seemingly distinct disciplines is supporting students' performance at school.可知，这些是通过数据说明的。应选D。35、 We waited for them to give us the to move.A. symbolB. signalC. signD. mark答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们等待他们给我们移动的信号。A. symbol象征；B. signal信号；C.sign标志；D.mark记号。根据句意可知，句中指给我们移动的信号，signal意为信号，名词词性，符合语境。应选B项。1136、 I'm sure his speech has had a great on the people there.Yes, they were deeply moved.A. impactB. advanceC. harmonyD. accommodation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一我相信他的演讲对那里的人们有很大的影响。一一是的，他们被深深地打动了。A.impact 影响；B.advance 进步；C. harmony 和谐；D. accommodation 住处。根据"they were deeply moved.可 知，演讲对那里的人们有很大的影响。应选A项。37、 Patience is an important of a happy and rewarding life. After all, there is always something worthwaiting for in our life.A. lessonB. experienceC. purposeD. quality答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：耐心是快乐而有意义的生活的重要品质。毕竟，在我们的生活中总有一些值得等 待的东西。A. lesson 课程;B. experience 经历；C. purpose 目的;D. quality 品质。根据上文“Patience is an important指耐心是重要品质,应用quality。应选D。38、fine weather it is!A. What aB. How aC. WhatD. How答案：c解析：考查感叹句和连词。句意:今天多么好的天气呀！感叹句句式：How+adj+主语+谓语！ What+adj+n+主语+谓语! how是副词，修饰形容词或者副词作状语，what修饰名词，分析句子可知，修饰名词weather用what,且 weather是不可数名词，不能加不定冠词，应选C。39、 I have a strong for country life because it brings me peace in mind.12A. benefits. reliefC. preferenceD. defence答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对乡村生活有着强烈的喜好，因为它给我带来心灵的平和。A. benefit益处；B. relief慰藉;C.preference爱好，偏好;D.defence防御。由because引导的原因状语从句内容推断，这是“我 喜欢、向往乡村生活的理由。应选C。40、 Dieting and exercising can bring your weight under control but you must stick to your plan with.A. insightB. perseveranceC. confirmationD. achievement答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：节食和锻炼可以控制你的体重，但你必须用毅力坚持你的计划。A. insight洞察力, 领悟；B. perseverance 毅力；C. confirmation 证明，证实；D. achievement 成就。由空前“you must stick to your plan可知，因为要坚持计划，所以空处需用名词perseverance,表示用毅力坚持计划。应选B。41、 Police have arrested a in a series of killing in the city.A. suspectB. conflictC. virus答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：警方在该市的一系列谋杀案中逮捕了嫌疑犯。A.suspect嫌疑犯；B.conflict矛盾；C.virus病毒。根据a series of killing in the city”,可知此处是指抓到了一个嫌疑犯。应选A。42> The gained from this experience has invested my life with new meaning.A. departures. insightC. proofD. setting答案：B解析：13 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从这次经历中获得的领悟在我的生命中赋予了新的意义。A. departure离开；B.insight领悟;C. proof证据;D. setting环境;背景。根据new meaning可知,insight"领悟符合句意。应选B。43> There are people in the cinema.A. two hundreds, two hundredsC. two hundred of答案：A解析：考查数词。句意：电影院里有两百个人。用hundred (百)表确切数字修饰名词时，hundred不可变为复数形 式，且不需介词就可直接修饰名词。应选A。44、 These measures have been taken with a (n) to increasing the company's profits.A. viewB. intentionC. purposeD. aim答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：采取这些措施是为了增加公司的利润。A. view打算；目的；B. intention意图；目 的；C.purpose目的；D.aim目标；目的。短语with a view to表示为了；指望，是固定搭配，而其他选项没 有这样的搭配。应选A。45、The beauty of the scenery of West Lake is beyond.A. collectionB. selectionC. descriptionD. tradition答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：西湖风景之美是无法形容的。A.collection收集；B.selection选择；C. description 描述；D. tradition传统。根据the scenery of West Lake”可知，此处表示西湖的美景无法形容，beyond description为固定短语，意为“难以形容。应选C。46> The police offered a $200 for any information leading to the arrest of the murderer.14A. awardB. priceC. rewardD. prize答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：警方悬赏200美元悬赏，以获取可以抓捕凶手的任何信息。A. award奖品、授予; B.price价格；C.reward悬赏金、报酬；D. prize奖品、重要人物。分析语境可知，空格处用reward表示悬赏 金、报酬符合语境。应选C项。47、A friend of thinks she won't pass the exam.I think she should believe in. That's the secret to success.A. my aunt; herB. my aunt's; herC. my aunt's; herself答案：c解析：考查代词和所有格。句意：一一我阿姨的一个朋友认为她考试没过。一一我认为她应该相信自己。这是成功的 秘诀。根据语境可知第一空表示“我阿姨的一个朋友，应用所有格形式；第二空是固定短语believe in oneself（相信自己）。应选C。48> Lack of mutual not only gets in the way of your work, but it can also your relationships andyour self-esteem.A. comment. differB. respect. damageC. benefit. destroyD. expectation . decorate答案：B解析：考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：缺乏相互尊敬不仅会阻碍你的工作，还会损害你的人际关系和自尊。comment"评论,differ"有区别，有分歧”；respect"尊敬"，damage”损害；伤害”；benefit"益处;好处，destroy毁坏"；expectation"期待，decorate"装饰。根据句意，相互不尊重会阻碍工作，也会损害人际关系和自尊。应选B。15小提示:49> Well never forget the Zhong Nanshan has made to the fight against COVID-19.A. pressB. donationsC. contributionsD. efforts答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们永远不会忘记钟南山为抗击新冠肺炎疫情作出的贡献。A.press新闻界；B.donations捐赠；C.contributions贡献；D.efforts努力。根据常识可知，我们永远不会忘记钟南山为抗击新冠 肺炎疫情作出的贡献，空格处意为''贡献，应选C。50、 Your suggestions are far from worthless and they make a good deal of to me.A. differenceB. senseC. influenceD. meaning答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的建议绝非毫无价值，对我来说很有意义。A. difference差异；B.sense意义；理解力；C. influence影响；D. meaning意思。短语make a good deal of sense to sb表示“对某人很有意义”。故 选Bo51> 一 I have a sore throat today!一 You'd better take advantage of the tea break to go to.A. chemist'sB. the chemistC. the chemist'sD. the chemistsz答案：c解析：考查所有格的省略及固定用法。句意：一一今天我喉咙好痛。一一你最好利用茶歇时间去一下药店。chemist 为药剂师，药师，在英语中，人们惯常用goto the chemists这一用法来表达“去药店，这其实是一个省略结构，完整的结构是go to the chemist's shop （去药师的店铺），省略时注意仅去掉shop,保存定冠词the且chemist用单数（固定用法），综上此题选C。16to the cause of peace.52、We should make joint efforts, for your contribution will make aA. differences. determinationC. commentD. challenge答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们应该共同努力，因为你的贡献将对和平事业产生影响。A. difference区分，不 同；B. determination决心;C ment评论；D. challenge挑战。结合句意可知，此处为固定短语：make a difference"有影响，有关系。应选A。53、The first warning was from a station further in the harbor telling me to stop, that we wereapproaching danger.A. sighB. signC. signalD. image答案：C 解析: 考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一个警告来自港口远处的一个信号站，告诉我停下来，我们正接近危险。A.sigh 叹气，叹息；B.sign签名，迹象，符号；C.signal信号灯；（无线电）讯号，信号；D.image形象，印象。根据 句意和各项词义,signal station,意为“信号站，能对来往船只发出危险、警告等信号，signal作station的定 语，符合语境，应选C项。54> The curious girl looked at the box and then she opened it out ofA. curious, curiousB. curiously, curiosityC. curiously, curiousD. curiosity, curiously答案：B 解析: 考查词副词和名词。句意：这个好奇的女孩好奇地看了看盒子，然后出于好奇把它翻开了。A.curious好奇的;curious 好奇的；B.curiously 好奇地，curiosity 好奇心；C. curiously 好奇地,curious 好奇的；D.curiosity 好奇心,curiously好奇地。分析句子结构可知，第一空应填写副词修饰动词looked；根据"out of”可知，第二空应填写17名词,out of curiosity意为“出于好奇，应选B。55> Many teenagers want to be like Zhong Nanshan when they grow up.A. writersB. engineersC. doctorsD. cleaners答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:许多青少年长大后想成为钟南山那样的医生。A. writers作家；B.engineers工程师;C doctors医生;D. cleaners清洁工。根据"like Zhong Nanshan”可知，此处表示想成为医生。应选C。56> The boy gives the policeman a of what happened in the accident.A. descriptions, describee. descriptiveD. descriptively答案：A解析：考查词义辨析。句意：那个男孩向警察描述了事故发生的经过。A.description描述，词性为名词；B.describe 描述，词性为动词；C.descriptive描写的；表达的；为形容词；D.descriptively表达地，为副词。结合题干设 空前的冠词，所以此处要用名词。应选A。57、Last week his performance secured him the for Actor of the Year at the Hollywood Film Festival.A. rewardB. prizeC. awardD. bonus答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周，他的表演为他赢得了好莱坞电影节的年度最正确男演员奖。reward"报酬；奖 励;prize”奖金；award"奖；奖品"bonus"额外津贴;红利，根据下文for Actor of the Year at the Hollywood Film Festival"可知，此处说的是“好莱坞电影节的年度最正确男演员奖，应选CoThanks to the of the experienced worker, we completed the difficult task on time.A. potentials. bonusC. bugD. guidance18答案：D 解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在经验丰富的工人的指导下，我们按时完成了艰巨的任务。A.potential潜力； B.bonus奖金；C.bug故障；D.guidance指导。结合句意中，经验丰富的工人，可知guidance指导”，符合句意, 应选择D项。58、 Try to keep a between work and relaxation.A. healthB. balanceC. fitD. balanced答案：B解析：考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：努力在工作和休闲之间保持平衡。A.health健康；B.balance平衡；C.fit健康的；D.balanced平衡的。a后跟名词作宾语，由between work and relaxation可知I,句子说“努力在工作和 休闲之间保持平衡，因此空格处是“平衡，即balance, keep a balance betweenand是固定短语，意为“在和之间保持平衡，应选B。60> Is money the of a happy life?A. basisesB. basicC. basisD. based答案：c解析：考查名词。句意：金钱是幸福生活的基础吗？ A.生sises名词,basis的复数形式,意为"基础;B.basic形容词, 意为"基本的；基础的；C.basis名词，意为基础；D. based形容词，意为在居住（或工作）；基地（或 总部）在；为基础的。the basis of的基础，用名词的单数形式。应选C。61、According to the picture, you can go there.194、 I haven't seen Sarah since she was a little girl and she has changed beyond.A. generations. recognitionC. investigationD. graduation答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从萨拉小时候就没见过她了，她已经变得认不出来了。A.generation 一代（人）；B.recognition 认出， 识另U； C.investigation 调查；D.graduation 毕业。不艮据1 haven't seen Sarah since she was a little girl可知，此处是指她已经变了许多，让人认不出来了。应选B。5、She tried not to show in her treatment of the children in her care.A. qualificationB. preferenceC. expectationD. blame答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她尽量不偏袒她照顾的孩子。A.qualification资格；B.preference偏爱；C.expectation期盼；D.blame责备。根据句意，此处表示对于她照顾的孩子她没有显示出偏爱。选项B符合题 意，应选Bo6、 He can't be a doctor, for the of blood always makes him feel sick.A. sightB. lookC. viewD. form答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他不可能是医生，因为看到血总是让他感到恶心。A.sight看见；B.look眼神，样 子；C.view看法;D.form形式。根据"makes him feel sick.”可知,看到血总是让他感到恶心。应选A项。7、 To the great of the citizens, no one else was infected with the coronavirus except the 136 confirmed cases.A. relaxationB. disappointmentC. reliefD. surprise答案：CA. when you want to have a restwhen you want to buy somethingB. when you want something to drink答案：A解析：考查名词。句意：根据图片，你可以去那里。图片中文字意思：厕所、休息室。A.当你想休息时；B. 当你想买东西时；C.当你想喝点东西时。可知当你想休息时，你可以去那里。应选A。62、 The government has announced a new to help lower the greenhouse gas emissions.A. advisorB. budgetC. initiativeD. perspective答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：政府宣布了一项新举措，以帮助减少温室气体的排放。A. advisor顾问；B. budget 预算；C. initiative 建议；新方案；D. perspective 态度。根据"announced"及"to help lower the greenhouse gas emissions"可知,initiative"建议;新方案”符合句意。应选C。63> It was discovered that children dislike watching their siblings fight. In fact, they respond to by supportingone sibling and pushing the other.A. commentsB. reflectionsC. argumentsD. occasions答案：C 解析:20考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们发现孩子们不喜欢看兄弟姐妹打架。事实上，他们对争吵的反响是支持兄弟 姐妹中的一个，并且排挤另一个。A. comments评论；B. reflections反思，反射；C.arguments争吵；D. occasions场合，机会。根据前文"fight和句意可知，此处指对争吵的反响。应选C项。64> I want you both to be on your best at Grandad's.OK, we will, Mum.A. opportunityB. struggleC. behaviorD. purpose答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一我要你们两个在你爷爷家好好表现。一一好的，我们会的，妈妈。A.opportunity机会;B.struggle斗争；C.behavior行为，举止；D.purpose目的。根据句意这是妈妈对孩子的告 诫，要求他们注意行为举止。应选C。65> After the flood, the first thing the government did was to provide for the homeless families.A. accommodationB. qualificationC. occupationD. admission答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：洪水过后，政府做的第一件事就是为无家可归的家庭提供住宿。A. accommodation 住宿；B. qualification 资格；C. occupation 职业；D. admission 进入。根据后文“for the homeless families指为无 家可归的家庭提供住宿，应用accommodation。应选A。66> The organization assists people based on need and gives the top to those in the most serious andimmediate danger.A. devotionB. divisionC. potentialD. priority答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：该组织根据需要为人们提供帮助，并对那些处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人给予21 优先考虑。A. devotion献身；B.division分开;C.potential潜能；D.priority优先事项。根据后文"those in the most serious and immediate danger指优先考虑处于最严重和最紧迫危险中的人，应用give the top priority to。应选Do67> Some students think they enjoy reading just out of interest, but others argue that a better score is their mainA. recognitionB. attractionC. occupationD. motivation答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些学生认为他们喜欢阅读只是出于兴趣，但其他人认为更好的成绩是他们的主要动机。A. recognition 识别；B. attraction 吸引；C. occupation 职业;D. motivation 动机。根据上文a better score is their main指更好的成绩是喜欢阅读的动机，应用motivation。应选D。68、She has a good of the French language.A. nativeB. baseC. commandD. request答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她精通法语。A. native本地人，当地人；B.base根基，基础；C mand命令， 掌握；D.request请求，需求。have a good command of为固定短语，意为“精通。应选C。69、The first week was a little confusing.以上句子中黑体加粗的是.A.名词短语B.形容词短语C.介词短语D.副词短语答案：A解析：考查句子成分。句意：第一周有点混乱。The first week为名词短语，作主语；a little confusing为形容词短语, 作表语，应选A。70、 You seem to be in no to go to the cinema with me.So let's stay at home watching TV.22A. feelingB. emotionC. attitudeD. mood答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你似乎没有心情和我一起去看电影。所以让我们呆在家里看电视吧。A. feeling感 觉;B. emotion情感；C. attitude态度；D. mood心情。根据第二句句意可知，此处表示"没有心情"去看电影, 短语"in no mood"表示"没有心情，为固定搭配，应选D。71、 People were at his sudden death. It was really to them.A. shocked; shockedB. shocked; a shockC. shocking; a shockD. shocking; shocking答案：B解析：考查形容词和名词。句意：人们对他的突然去世感到震惊。这对他们来说真是一个打击。主语是人，往往用- ed形式形容词。beshockedat对很震惊。shock作为名词，为可数名词，表示“突然而来的打击，使人震惊 的事，前面常加不定冠词a。应选B。72、请选出与单词"symbol"匹配的释义。A.相似B.象征C.同义词D.原谅答案：B解析：考查词汇意思。symbol意思是象征，应选B。73> It was assumed that those people for whom the role of volunteer was most part of their personal would also be most l