2022年人教版中考英语总复习 第一部分教材知识梳理 八年级(下)Units 1-2.docx

八年级（下）Units 1-2教材词汇分层训练净;重点单词背记1 .matter .问题;事情.neck .颈;脖子2 . fever .发烧.rest v.& .放松;休息3 .cough .& 吠咳嗽.X-ray n.X 射线;X 光4 . headache .头痛;令人头痛的事. passenger n.乘客;旅客5 .off qdv.&p/ep.离开（某处）;不工作;从去掉.trouble .问题;苦恼10 .knee .膝;膝盖.risk n.& u危险;风险;冒险11 .situation .情况;状况14.blood .而115.control n.&乜限制;约束;管理16.spirit .勇气;意志17 .nurse .护士.sign .标志;信号19.notice 通知;通告;注意以注意到;意识到2O.several pro”.几个;数个;一些21 .journey .（尤指长途）旅行;行程.raise 乂募集;征集;上升;举起22 .rcpair艮修理;修补.fix u修理;安装23 .wheel.车轮;轮子We had a fight just now,but I didn't mean her.A.to hurt B.hurt C.hurtingD.hurts【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:珍妮看上去很伤心,发生了什么?我们刚刚打了一架，但是我不 是故意伤害她的。mean to do sth.“故意做某事”，符合语境。【答案】A2.It is really a waste of time to play computer games.Exactly!As a student,we have more things to do.A.careful B.successfulC.meaningful D.peacefiil【解析】考查形容词。句意:一玩电脑游戏真是浪费时间。一说得对!作为一名学生，我们有更有意 义的事要做。根据前者的话可知，玩电脑游戏浪费时间,因此我们要做有意义的事。meaningful”有意义的”, 符合语境。【答案】C考点5give up的用法【教材原句】Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.阿伦在那次事故之后没 有放弃，现在仍继续爬山。(P7)g迦皿是动剧短谓意为噬弃臧除卮E接名2U&词,动名词作宾最1逅接A&!姻隹宾强 代回应位于give和up之J同。例如：Once you get into the habit of smoking,you,ll find it hard to give it up.一旦养成了抽烟的习惯,你会发 现很难戒掉它。You mustn't give up studying foreign languages for even a day.你们学习外语一天也不要中断。拓展延伸give短语小结give out分发;散发give away赠送;捐赠;泄露give in屈服;让步give back (归)还;回报;使恢复活学活用（2021 湖南益阳改编）My father always tells me never to when I am in trouble.A.give upB.put onC.help outD.throw away【解析】考查动词短语。句意:我父亲总是告诉我,遇到困难时永远不要放弃。give up“放弃”，符合语境。put on“穿上”;help out”帮助摆脱困境”;throw away"扔掉;抛弃”。【答案】A考点6raise和rise的用法【教材原句】For example,we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money fbr homeless people. 例如,我们可以安排探望医院里生病的孩子或者为那些无家可归的人筹钱。（P12） &the sun rises raise one's hand 太阳升起举手1颉缝为二夔集;调提氤举起凌展溢瓮凶及物动诩后直接接宾造。例如：He raised a hand in greeting.他举起手打招呼。They did many things to raise the living standard.他们做 了 很多事情来提高生活水平。The old woman raises 20 chickens fbr eggs.这位老妇人饲养了 20 只鸡来下蛋。2.rise意为“升起；增加;提高“，为不及物动词，后面不能直接接宾语;rise也可以用作名诃，意为“增加;提高”。 例如：Smoke was rising from the chimney.烟从烟囱里往上升。The sun rises from the east.太阳从东边升起。There has been a sharp rise in the number of people out of work.失业人数急居 l|增力口。活学活用.As soon as books ,the volunteers posted them to the students in Hope Primary School.A.are raised B.were raisedC.raised D.have raised【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意:书一筹集好,志愿者就把它们寄给希望小学的学生了。由主句的 时态可知,从句用一般过去时;又因book和raise之间是被动关系，所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。【答案】B.The price of vegetables so quickly these days.一I can't agree more.A.affbrdsB.risesC.pays D.raises【解析】考查动词。句意:一蔬菜的价格最近上涨得太快了。我非常赞同。根据语境可知，此处指 蔬菜价格上涨，应用不及物动词riseo【答案】B考点？ imagine的用法【教材原句】Or imagine you can't walk or use your hands easily.或者想象一下你不能走路或者轻松用手的样子。(P14)1.imagine作动词，意为“想象;设想“。常见用法:imagine doing sth.“想象做家事”;imagine sb.to be.“想象某 人是”:imagine+tha丛句“想象”。例如：She imagined walking into the office and handing in her resignation.她想象着自己走进办公室，递上辞呈。2.1 imagine表示“我认为“，后跟that引导的宾语从句时,假设丛包为查定志赏将其查定技移到£包3如 也值略说法史回用星域必代鼓蛔丛包。例如：Will he come?他会来吗？I imagine so.我想会来。活学活用.When I was a child, I always imagined myself a reporter in the fiiture.A.to being B.to beC.beD.been【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:当我还是个孩子的时候，我总是想象自己将来会成为一名记者。imagine sb.to be为固定搭配，意为“想象某人是”。【答案】B.We depend on the Internet so much now and it's hard to imagine a life without it.A.live B.lived C.to live D.living【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们现在如此依赖互联网，很难想象没有互联网的生活。imagine doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“想象做某事”。【答案】D重点句型考点 8Whafs the matter?怎么了？I have a cold.我感冒了。( Pl).“What's the matter?”可用于询问对方有什么问题或不顺心的事，也可询问某物出了什么故障，后面可接 with sb./sth.,表示“某人/某物怎么了Whafs wrong with sb.?Mhacsupwithsk?- Whats the problem with sb_、What happened to six?)'臬人乍么了 (Whafs the matter with sb.?)(whats the trouble with 薮.“have+a/an+表示病的名词”，意为“得病She had a fever and a headache last week.上周她发烧且头痛。活学活用.Hi,Mike.?It,s Coco,my dog.Its leg is hurt.A.How are youB.What's the matterC.Are you OKD. Who's speaking【解析】考查交际用语。句意:嗨,迈克。怎么了?一是我的狗狗，可可。它的腿受伤了。根据语境 可知,前者是问迈克出了什么事。【答案】B.You don't look well,Lily.What's the matter?I have a,and I can't eat anything.A.headache B.backacheC.fever D.toothache【解析】考查名词。句意:你看起来不太好，莉莉。怎么了?一我牙疼，不能吃东西。根据答语中的力 can't eat anything”可推测，莉莉牙疼。【答案】D安徽中考真题精选单项填空.（2021 安徽第 27 题）一Our computer is working again!Yes.Our IT teacher it.It took him about an hour.（ A ）A.has fixed B.will fixC.is fixing D.was fixing.（2020,安徽第 23 题）一What do you think of your new house built by the local government?一Pretty good.I have a of happiness now.（ C ）A. warningB.traditionC.feeling D.question.（2017,安徽第 37 题）It is necessary fbr schools to the need of all the students?development D ）A.cutB.hideC.refuse D.satisfy.（2014安徽第 50 题）一We failed in the singing competition.Belter times are waiting for you.（ C ）A.No way B.Best wishesC.Cheer up D.Good job.（2013安徽第 32 题）You drive your car so fast.It's very dangcrous.（ B ）A. wouldn't B.shouldirtC.couldn't D.mightn't1 .（2013-安徽第 48 题）The people in Ya'an have met lots of difficulties,but they haven'thope.（ B ）A.picked up B.given upC.looked for D.waited fbr2 .（2012安徽第 45 题）一Smoking is bad for your health.You're right.I decide to.（ D ）A.takc it down B.find it outC.tum it off D.give it up1.1 letter .信;函.Miss .女 士;小姐27 .deaf岫.隹的.door .门28 .carry u 拿;提;扛.clever adj.聪明的;聪颖的32.interest .兴趣;关注k使感兴趣;使关注33.sir 冼生争重点单词拓展l.foot .脚:足T ccl （复数形式）1.5 tomach .胃:腹部t stoma腹ache几胃痛;腹痛e v.躺;平躺;处于t lay （过去式）> lain （过去分词）> lying （现在分词）4 .break .间歇;休息v.打破:违反broken adi.破损的;残缺的.hurt u（使）疼痛:受伤t hurt （过去式/过去分词）5 .hity.（用手或器具）击:打一> hit （过去式/过去分词）一> hiltine （现在分词）.sick ac”.生病的;有病的» sickness n.疾病8 . rock .岩Tf;摇滚乐rocky adj.岩石的;多岩石的.knife .刀knives （复数形式）9 .mcan吠意思是;打算:意欲一meant （过去式/过去分词）一 meaning .意思:意义.cheer乜欢呼;喝彩.欢呼声:喝彩声t cheerful 力.欢乐的:高兴的10 .lonely。的.孤独的;寂寞的> alone adv.单独;单独13.strong adj.强烈的;强壮的 strength n.力气;力量14.satisfaction .满足;满意> satisfy v,使满足;使满意» satisfied adj.满足的;满意、的15.blind瞎的;失明 M > blindness n.失明;盲目1.1 imaginc y.想象;设想t imagination .想象力opcn艮开;翻开。力.开着的-» opening .开幕式:落成典礼18 .train u训I练;培训.火车t training训I练:培训.understand n.理解;领会t understood （过去式/过去分词） understanding adi.善解人意的；体谅 人的19 .change v.& .变化:改变t changeable adi.可变的;易变的茅重点短语积累1 .have a cold 感冒.have a stomachache 胃痛2 .lie down 躺下.takc one's temperature 量体温4 .have a fever 发烧.take breaks/takc a break 休息5 .get off 7车.to one's surprise使惊讶的是;出乎的意料6 .right away立即;马上.get into陷入;参与7 .be interested in 对感兴趣.be used to习惯于;适应于8 .used to曾经;过去.take risks/take a risk 冒险9 .run out （of）用尽;耗尽.cut off' 切除10 .gct out of离开;从出来.make a decision 做决定11 .be in control of 掌管;管理.give up 放弃12 .clean up清扫（或清除）干净.cheer up （使）变得更高兴;振奋起来13 .give out分发;散发 eup with想出;提出（主意、计划、回答等）14 .put off 推迟.hand out 分发15 .call up打 给（某人）;征召16 .care for照顾;非常喜欢.try out参加选拔;试用17 .fix up修理;装饰.give away赠送;捐赠18 .takc after （外貌或行为）像.set up建起;设立34.make a diiTerence 影响;有作用个核心词汇语境练根据首字母及汉语提示补全单词.You're not alone （单独一人的）.We are always here with you.1 . As the saying goes," Blood （血）is thicker than water.”.The man was bomdnaf （徨的）and he can't hear anything.2 .0n weekends,! usually lie （躺）down in bed and do nothing.5 .After two hours' meeting,they have a short rest （休息）.6 .Uncle Lee's job is to train （训练）dogs at the police station.7 .The young wear those strange clothes just to get themselves noliced （注意到）.8 . All of my family think Danny is aclever （聪明的）dog.熟词生义l.lie熟义:忆躺;平躺;处于，保持（某种状态）生义:忆位于;在于;说谎.谎言（1 ）Thc real trouble lies in his lack of working experienced B ）（2）1 could tell from her face that she was lying to me.（ C ）（3）The Arabian Desert Jies between the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf.（2021 天津）（A ）A.位于B.在于C.说谎D.躺2 . rest熟义:忆& .放松;休息生义:.剩余局部;其余（的人或物）(l)My smart phone took a fall to the floor and I could see only one-tenth of my screen while the rest wasblack.( B )(2)AH the doctors were very tired,but none of them had a rest.( A )A.几休息B.剩余局部C.y.放松.hit熟义:忆(用手或器具)击;打生义:.成功;很受欢迎的人(或事物)也碰撞;撞击;击中;使突然想起(1 )The old lady posted some videos about cooking on Douyin,which became a hit on the Internet A )(2)It finally hit me:She was gone forever.(2020,山东青岛)( B )The bus hit the bridge and fell into the river.(C )A.受欢迎的事物B.使突然想起C.碰撞D.击中4,mean熟义:也意思是;打算;意欲生义4的吝啬的;刻薄的也产生结果;意味着(1 )"They mean much more, his father said.(2021 ,安徽)(A )(2)John is mean and only thinks about himself and doesn't treat others niccly.(2021 湖北武汉)(C )A.意味着 B.打算C.各啬的D.意欲5.sign熟义:.标志;信号生义上签字;签署;签约.迹象;标牌;指示牌(1 )We should make a sign about not throwing rubbish into the sea,and put it in the sand on the beach.(2021 斗斤 江杭州)(C )(2)1 want to check with my secretary before I sign the papers.(B )(3)Thc rain showed no signs of stopping D )A.信号B.签署C.指示牌 D.迹象6. raise熟义上募集;征集;筹集生义”举起;增加;提高;饲养;养育;提及;提出(1 )Betty started to raise money fbr her study abroad.( A )(2)When Peter5s family were having dinner,Father raised an interesting question/ B )A.筹集B.提出C.提高D.养育7.change熟义:忆& .变化;改变生义:零钱(1 )Great changes have taken place in towns that we have lived in fbr centuries,while completely new cities are beingbuilt.(2018安痔攵)(B )(2)Once you break the habit,your values will change.(2021 湖南长沙)(A )(3)You give me $ 100 and the shirt is $55.Here's your change/ C )A.n.改变B.变化C.零钱重点词汇名师考点精讲考点Ilic的用法【教材原句】I think you should lie down and rest.我认为你应该躺下来休息。(P2)意为“（人或动物）躺:平卧二常与表示 一场所的短语连用J诉5物动词意为.位于（某方向）:在位常 I作不及物动词尸与表示方位的短语连用意为“说谎”,常见用法：lie to sb.=tellsb a lie.意为对某人说谎“（作名词）一（作名词）一意为“流言.假话”.常用短语：tdl a lie,说谎”; white lie“善意的谎言”拓展延伸(1)辨析 lie 和 lay。拓展延伸词汇词义过去式过去分词现在分词lie躺;位于laylainlying说谎，撒 谎liedliedlyinglay放置;下 蛋laidlaidlaying（2） 口诀记忆。规那么的说谎（规那么动词lieliedlied）,不规那么的躺（不规那么动词lie一lay一lain）,躺过就下蛋（“躺''的过去式是“下蛋”的原形），下蛋说付钱（lay,say,pay的过去式和过去分词变化规律相同）。活学活用.My grandma is pleased to keep a hen because it an egg every day.A.fixes B.lays C.brcaks D.repairs【解析】考查动词。句意:我的祖母很高兴养了一只母鸡，因为它每天都下一个蛋。lay“下蛋”，符合语境。【答案】B.Jim is an honest boy.He never tells and you can trust him.A.words B.liesC.truth D.stories【解析】考查名词。句意:吉姆是个老实的男孩。他从不说谎，你可以相信他。lie“谎言”,符合语境。【答案】B考点2trouble的用法【教材原句】“h's sad that many people don't want to help others because they don't want any trouble,says onepassenger. 一位乘客说:“令人悲伤的是，很多人不想帮助他人,因为他们不想惹麻烦。”（P3）例如:trouble-意为.问SS；苦恼:困境”-have trouble （in） doing sth“做某事有困* - be in trouble "身处困境”作名词: beoutof trouble .摆脱困境”get into trouble “陷入困境”-have trouble with "在某方面有麻烦难”L意为”（使）烦悔麻烦：费心”等（作动词 - trouble to do stfv费心做某事”-trouble sb. with sth. “麻烦某人某事”Don,t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.麻烦不找你，就不要找麻烦。活学活用（2021 四川泸州）A group of elephants in Yunnan Province have troublea proper living place.Weshould help them.A.findB.found C.to find D.finding【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:一群大象在云南省寻找一个合适的栖息地时遇到了困难。我们应该帮助它们。have trouble （in） doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难【答案】D考点3hit的用法【教材原句】Bus No.26 hit an old man on Zhonghua Road.26 路公交车在中华路上撞到 了一位老人。（P3）作动诩hit意为.击:打”常见用法:hitshon/in+身体部位+withsth用某物打某人身体某部位”意为.使（身体部位）碰上（某物广常见用法： hit+身体部位+on/againststh. “身体某部位碰 到或撞到某物上”意为“使突然想起“常用句型:Ithitshthat.某人突然想起廛识到-意为“（风暴、疾病等）袭击;危害;产生不良影响作名词一意为“击;打;击中;受欢迎的人或事物”妙辨异同辨析 beat,knock 禾口 hit（l）beat强调连续或反复地打或拍，因此像心脏跳动、打鼓、打拍子等之类具有连续性或反复性的动作, 一般要用beato此外，它还有“殴打;打败”之意。妙辨异同(2)knock意为“敲;打;撞击“，一般指敲打并伴有响声，常与at/on连用。(3)hit意为“打中;对准打”,表示有意或无意地打或撞等，往往含有重重一击或用力敲打之意。活学活用.Mary was so angry with her brother that she hit him the head with a book.A.inB.on C.to D.by【解析】考查介词。句意:玛丽对弟弟很生气，所以用书打了他的头。“hitsb.in/on+身体部位”为固定搭配, 意为“打某人身体某部位表示“打某人的头”应用介词one【答案】B. All of a sudden it Peter that he had forgotten his friend's birthday.A.knockedB.happenedC.bcat D.hit【解析】考查动词。句意:彼得突然意识到他忘了他朋友的生日。“It hit sb.+that从句”表示“某人突然想 起/意识到”,符合语境。【答案】D考点4mean的用法【教材原句】This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of.它的意思是“处于一个你似 乎无法摆脱的困境之中”。(P6)拓展延伸mean除了可以作动词外，还可以作形容词，意为“吝啬的;刻薄的“。例如: He is very mean and never helps others.他很刻薄，从不帮助别人。活学活用1.Jenny looks so sad.What's wrong?