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    2021-2022学年下学期初中英语人教新版九年级同步经典题精练之定语从句.docx

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    2021-2022学年下学期初中英语人教新版九年级同步经典题精练之定语从句.docx

    2021.2022学年下学期初中英语人教新版九年级同步经典题精练之定语从句一.选择题(共15小题)1.1.(2020 成都)The bookcover has a beautiful picture is Lily's.(2.A. whichB.whoseC. that(2020 湘潭)We are supposedto care about the workerskeep our cityclean.(A. whichA. whichB.whoC. whom3.(2020营 口)- What are you looking for?-Pm looking for the dictionarymy brother gave me last month.(4.4.A that(2020 青海)B. whatWell neverforget thoseC. whoD. whomlost their lives for ourcountry.(5.5.A. who(2020临沂)In America,B. whichC. whomThanksgiving is a holidaycelebrates the love offamily.(A. whoA. whoB. /C. that(2020自贡)-Haveyou heard of the basketball team.won the NBAchampionship last year?-Of course, it's my favorite basketball team - Warriors.7.A whoseB. whichC. who(2020黔东南州)Li Wenliang is a brave doctorisknown to millions of Chinesepeople.(A. whoA. whoB . whichC. whatD. when8. (2019)On Monday April 15, 2019,the firebroke out in Notre Dame Cathedralin Paris shocked the world.(A - thatA - thatB. whoC where9. (2019株洲)We have decided to sell five things9. (2019株洲)We have decided to sell five thingswe no longer use.(A. thatA. thatB whereC. who我永远不会忘记在2019年参观过的这个农场。【解答】根据题干,改为定语从句后的先行词是“the farm”,关系代词用which,在从句 中作宾语,原句中的宾语it在从句中应去掉,其他成分不变。故答案为 which I visitedo【点评】根据题目的要求,在准确理解句子意思的前提下,结合语法,准确作答。18. The man teaches us English.He comes from Hainan.(改为含有定语从句的复合句)The man who teaches us English comes from Hainan.【考点】句型转换.【分析】这个男的教我们英语。他来自海南。教我们英语的这个男的来自海南。【解答】根据题干,改为定语从句,先行词是theman,关系代词用who,在句中作主语, 谓语和宾语局部不变。故答案为 who teaches us Englisho【点评】根据题目的要求,在准确理解句子意思的前提下,结合定语从句的构成准确作 答。19. The building is a middle school.lt stands near the post office.(改为含有定语从句的复合句) The building which stands near the post office is a middle school.【考点】句型转换.【分析】这栋大楼是一所中学。它位于邮局附近。这栋位于邮局附近的大楼是一所中学。【解答】根据题干改为定语从句,先行词是building,关系代词用which,在句中作主语;谓语动词的单复数与先行词"the building”一致;故答案为 which stands; is。【点评】解答此类试题时,务必根据题目的要求,在准确理解句子意思的前提下,结合 定语从句的构成准确作答。20. The book is interesting.You lent it to me yesterday.(改为含有定语从句的复合句)The book which you lent to me yesterday is interesting.【考点】句型转换.【分析】这本书很有趣。你昨天把它借给了我。你昨天借给我的这本书很有趣。【解答】根据题干,改为定语从句后,the book是先行词,在从句中作宾语,关系代词用which,从句中应把原句中的宾语it去掉,其他局部不变。故答案为 which you lent to me。【点评】根据题目的要求,在准确理解句子意思的前提下,结合语法,准确作答。考点卡片1 .关系代词【概念】关系代词:定语从句修饰复合句中的名词或代词,通常把这个被修饰词叫做先行词,把引导定语从句且 在从句中作主语、宾语或定语的引导词叫做关系代词.【结构及分类】关系代词有主格,宾格和属格(所有格)之分,并有指人与指物之分. that的用法最广,that 可指人也可指物.见表:限定性 指人非限定性 指物限定性 指物主格who/thatwhichthat宾格whom/thatwhichthat属格whoseof which/whoseof which/whose【用法】关系代词Whowho表示”的(人)%在定语从句中作主语,不能省略,所引导的定语从句一般修饰指 人的名词或代词,在口语或非正式语言中,可作定语从句中的宾语,相当于whom,可省略.彳列:I know the lady is singing over there. She is our Chinese teacher.()A. which B. who C. whomD. whose分析:我认识正在那边唱歌的女士,她是我们的汉语老师.解答:B.分析句子得知,句子的主干是I know the lady,后文is singing over there是一个定语从句, 来修饰先行词the lady,在定语从句中作主语,由于先行词the lady,表示人,故可以用关系 词that或who,结合选项,应选B.点评:解答此类试题时,要充分理解上下文的语境,结合所给词,进行解答.关系代词whomwhom表示”的(人)",在定语从句中作宾语,所引导的定语从句修饰指人的名词或代 词,常省略.例:Please tell me something about Yang Liwei.-He is a great astronaut of all the Chinese are proud.()A. thatB. whoseC. whoD. whom分析:-请告诉我有关杨利伟的有关事情?-他是一个伟大的全中国人都引以为豪的宇航员.解答:D.that意思是“那个“,引导定语从句的时候,在从句中作主语或宾语;whose意思是“谁的”, 引导定语从句的时候,在从句中作定语;who意思是“谁“,引导定语从句的时候,在从句中 作主语;whom意思是”谁二在定语从句中作宾语.根据空格前面是介词。3因此可知在定 语从句中含有一个固定结构be proud of,这时候需要一个可以作of宾语的词,这时把of提 前,先行词是astronaut,是表示人的名词,所以还是要用whom来引导定语从句,综上所述, 应选D.点评:首先要掌握定语从句的用法,然后结合具体的题目,就可以确定正确答案.关系代词thatthat表示”的(事物): 所引导的定语从句修饰指事物或人的名词或代词,通常在定语 从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时,常可省略.彳列:I hate the dogs live in the next house. They make loud noises all night.()A. whoB. that C. what D. whom分析:我讨厌住在隔壁的狗,他们整晚发出噪音.解答:B.who意思是“谁”指人,在定语从句中作主语;that意思是“那个“,指人或指物,在定语从句 中作主语或宾语;what意思是“什么”,不能引导定语从句;whom意思是“谁“指人,在定语 从句中作宾语,根据先行词是the dogs,后面的定语从句缺少一个可以作主语的词,综上所 述,应选B.点评:首先要掌握这几个引导定语从句的词语的意思以及用法,然后结合具体的题目,就可 以确定正确答案.例:Ode to Joy (欢乐颂)is a TV play many people like.()A. why B. that C. who分析:欢乐颂是一部许多人喜欢的电视剧.解答:B.who意思是“谁”引导定语从句的时候,在从句中作主语,先行词通常是人;that意思是"那个 二引导定语从句的时候,在从句中作主语或宾语,所修饰的先行词通常是物;关系副词why 引导限定性定语从句修饰先行词reason,在定语从句中充当原因状语.根据"a TV play”一部 电视剧,这是一个表示物的先行词,所以要用that来引导定语从句,综上所述,应选B. 点评:首先要掌握定语从句的用法,然后结合具体的题目,就可以确定正确答案.关系代词whichwhich表示”的(事物)”,所引导的定语从句修饰指事物的名词或代词,其中which通 常在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时,常可省略.例: My hometown is the place holds all my sweet memories.()A. who B. whichC. what分析:家乡就是那个承载了我所有美好回忆的地方.解答:B.首先根据语境推测句意是“家乡就是那个承载了我所有美好回忆的地方. ",分析句子结构, 本句中的"holds all my sweet memories”在复合句中作定语从句,由于先行词place为下文 定语从句的逻辑主语,且指物,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者which,应选B. 点评:此题考查定语从句的关系代词.做此题的关键是找准先行词,是人还是物,在从句中 做什么句子成分,然后根据语法选择正确的引导词.关系代词whosewhose表示”那个(那些)人的、它(它们)的”时,所引导的定语从句修饰指人或事物的名 词,其中whose在从句中作定语,修饰名词.例: -Who won the first prize in English speech contest?-The prize went to the girl speech was the most natural and fluent.()A. that B. whoC. whose D.不填分析:-在英语演讲比赛中谁获得第一名?一等奖属于那个演讲最自然最流利的女孩.解答:C.首先分析句子结构,本句中的"speech was the most natural and fluent”在复合句中作定 语从句,由于先行词是thegirl指人,且在定语从句中作定语,所以用关系代词whose引导 定语从句,指谁的,表所属关系.应选c.点评:此题考查定语从句的关系代词.首先要掌握几个关系代词引导定语从句的用法,然后 结合具体的语句中的先行词,以及在定语从句作的成分,就可以做出正确选择.【易混淆点】(1) that和which都指事物时,一般可以通用.但在以下情况下多用that,不用which:先行词为 all, everything, nothing, something, anything, much, little, few, none, the one 等时.例:Say all (that) you know. 把你知道的全部讲出来.Is there anything (that) I can do for you now? 现在我能为你做点儿什么吗?I mean the one that was bought yesterday.我指的是昨天买的那个.先行词为序数词或被序数词(含last)修饰时.如:This is the first film (that) I have seen since I came here.这是我到这里以来看的第一部电 影.The last place (that) they visited was the Summer Palace. 他们最后参观的地方是颐和园.先行词被形容词的最高级或the very, the only等修饰时.如:This is the biggest叩pie (that) I have ever eaten.这是我吃到的苹果中最大的一个.She is the very thief (that) the police are looking for. 她就是警方正在寻找的那个小偷.Mary is the only friend (that) I have in Australia.玛丽是我在澳大利亚唯一的朋友.先行词中既有人又有物时.如:We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited. 我们访问过的老师 和学校给我们留下了深刻的印象.先行词在主句中作表语,或关系代词在从句中作表语时.如:This is a dictionary that will help you a lot.这是一本对你很有帮助的字典.Don't cheat me. I'm no longer the little boy that I was ten years ago. 别骗我了,我再也不是 十年前的那个小男孩了.(2)在以下情况下用which,而不用that:关系代词前有介词时.如:This is the house in which I lived ten years ago. 这就是我十年前住过的房子.先行词本身是that时.如:What was that which he said? 3 他说了些什么?在以who, which开头的句子中多用that.【解题方法点拨】结合具体的语句中的先行词,以及在定语从句作的成分确定使用哪个关系代词.如果缺少 主语、宾语、表语、定语用关系代词,如果缺少状语那么用关系副词.先行词本身是that时,防止重复用which,而不用that.【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考查关系代词的用法,即关系代词who、whom、that、whose> which的用 法及其它们之间的区别是考查的重点.2.实义动词的过去分词【用法】过去分词的用法也有两个特点:一是表示完成,二是表示被动.【变化规律】实义动词过去分词变化规律和他的过去式变化规律几乎是一样的:一般情况直接加 ed,如 ask - asked, work - worked以不发音的e结尾,只加d,如love - loved, dance - danced以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为字d,如try - tried, study - studied以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读音节结尾的动词,先双写末尾一个字母,再加ed, 如 stop - stopped, permit - permitted注意:以1结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写1,如control - controlled,尾音节不重读时,双不双写都可以,如 travel - traveled/traveled.特例:picnic - picnicked,另外还有很多动词的过去分词是不合乎上述规那么的,需熟记.【易混淆点】实意动词过去式与过去分词的区别:1 .过去式是发生过的事;过去分词形式是发生了并且对现在造成影响的事.2 .过去式是用来作谓语的,过去分词用于完成时结构的谓语.3 .另外,在两者的形式也有所差异,有的过去式和过去分词一样,有的不一样.比方:begin began begun 就不一样teach taught taught 就一样用的时候一定要分清【过去分词结构】.过去分词独立结构过去分词有时可有其独立主语,二者构成一种独立分词结构.过去分词独立结构多用于书面语中,常用作状语,用来表示时间、条件、原因、伴随情况等.如:He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat.他满脸是汗跑进屋来.(表伴随)This done, we went home.做完此事,我们就回家了.(表时间)All our savings gone, the couple started looking for jobs.积蓄全部用完了,这对夫妻就开始找工作.(表原因)That point settled, the speaker went on to the next one.那个问题讲完了,演讲人继续讲下一个问题.(表时间).with/without+宾语+过去分词表示伴随情况的独立结构With everything taken into consideration, we all think this is a very good plan.每件事都考虑到了,我们都认为这是一项不错的计划.With different methods used, different results are obtained.采用不同的方法,得到不同的结果.She went angrily away without a word spoken.她一个字也没说,就生气地走了.1 .过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语(1)过去分词(短语)在感官动词和使役动词等之后作宾语补足语,这些词语有:have让, 使keep使处于某状态get使得see看见hear听见find发现feel感觉到leave使处于某状态make使want想要start引起notice注意observe观察watch注视set使处于某状态如:The work left him exhausted.这个活使得他筋疲力尽.The doorkeeper heard the chain and bolts withdrawn.看门人听见门上的链和拴被拉开了.The tenant found the house renovated.房客看到房子已整修过了.It's better to leave some things unsaid.有些事倒是不说的好.I don't want my name linked with him.我不要把我的名字和他联系在一起.The person concerned should like this matter settled immediately.当事人希望此事立刻得到解决.(2)过去分词(短语)在使役动词get或have之后作宾语补足语,表示的动作往往是由别 人完成的.如:I had my car repaired我把我的车修好了.(别人修的)I had my hair cut我理发了.(别人给我理的)We must get the television set repaired我们必须把电视机修好.(被别人修)He had his window broken to pieces.他的窗户给打破了.(被他人打破)【初中英语不规那么动词过去式、过去分词表】(1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)cost (花 费)cost costcut (害|J ) cut cutspit spit/spat spit/ spat (英)hit (打)hit hithurt 伤害)hurt hurtlet (让)let letput (放)put putread (读)read read(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)beat (跳动)beat beaten(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形) become (变成) became become awake awoke awokencome (来)came comerun (跑)ran run(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)dig (挖)dug dug build built builtget (得至U) got got/gotten catch caught caughthang (吊死)hanged hanged deal dealt dealthang (悬挂) hung hung feed fed fedhold (抓住)held held find found foundshine (照耀)shone shone sit (坐)sat satpay paid paid win (赢)won wonsend sent sent meet (遇见)met metshoot shot shot keep (保持)kept kepttell told told sleep (睡)slept sleptwin won won sweep (扫)swept sweptfeel (感觉)felt felt smell (闻)smelt/smelled smelt/ smelled leave (离开)left left build (建设)built built lend (借出)lent lent send (传送)sent sent spend (花费)spent spent lose (丧失)lost lost burn (燃烧)burnt burnt learn (学习)learnt learnt mean (意思是)meant meant catch (抓住) caught caught teach (教)taught taught bring (带来) brought brought fight (战斗)fought fought buy (买)bought bought think (想)thought thought hear (听见)heard heard sell (卖)sold sold tell (告诉)told toldsay (说)said said find (找到I) found found have/has (有) had had make (制造) made made10. (2018 贵 K日) Amy is a creative lady set up a website to sell handbags made of oldjeans.()A. whoB. whichC. where(2018锦江区模拟)Great changes have taken place in our hometown. Everything in town I see is so new to me.()A. thatB. whoC. where(2018随州)-What are you looking for?-I'm looking for the dictionary you lent me last week.()A. whoB. whatC. thatD. when(2016 秋吉林期末)Pm looking for the watch I bought yesterday.()A. whoB. whichC. whose(2017济南一模)Do you know the American girl sunglasses?()A that wearB. who is wearingC. who is putting onD. that puts on(2017仁寿县模拟)-Is everything we need to do? - - - Yes. Youneedn*t worry about it.()A. which; has doneB. which; doingC. that; has doneD. that; done二.句型转换(共5小题)11. My grandfather doesn't like these songs.These songs are too long.(改为含有定语从句的复 合句)My grandfather doesn't like these songs too long.12. I'll never forget the farm.I visited it in 2019.(改为含有定语从句的复合句)111 never forget the farm in 2019.13. The man teaches us English.He comes from Hainan.(改为含有定语从句的复合句)The man comes from Hainan.14. The building is a middle school.lt stands near the post office.(改为含有定语从句的复合句) The building near the post office a middle school.15. The book is interesting.You lent it to me yesterday.(改为含有定语从句的复合句)The bookThe bookyesterday is interesting.stand (站) stood stood understand 明白 understood understood(5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形) begin (开始)began begun take (取)took takendrink (喝) drank drunk mistake (弄错) mistook mistaken ring (铃响) rang rung ride (骑)rode ridden sing (唱) sang sung do (做) did doneswim (游泳) swam swum write (写) wrote writtenblow (吹)blew blown go (去)went gonedraw (画)drew drawn lie (平躺)lay lainsaw seensaw seenfly (飞)flew flown see (看见)grow (生长)grew grown wear (穿) wore wornknowknow(知道)knew known be ( am, is, are )(是)was, were beenthrow(投掷)threw thrown show (出 示) showed shownbreak(打破)broke broken choose (选择) chose chosenforget(忘记)forgot forgotten (forgot) bear bore borne/bornspeak(说,讲) spoke spoken draw drew drawn wake (百星) woke woken dream dreamt/ dreamed dreamt/ dreameddrive (驾驶) drove driven hide hid hidden eat (吃) ate eaten lay laid laid 放置fall (落下)fell fallen lie lied lied 撒谎 give (给) gave given lie lay lain 躺 rise (升高) rose risen see saw seen shake shook shaken steal stole stolen can - - - - could may - - - might will - - - would shall - - - shouldmust - - - - must3.句型转换【概念】英语学习中,我们会遇到很多种英语句型,不同的句型之间其实是可以按照一定规那么相互转 换的.【类型】一、改为一般疑问句1、先找 be 动词 am, is, are, was, were 或情态动词 can, may , must, would, should , could.如果有这些词,直接把这些词放在句子最前面,some改成any,句号改成问号,其 余照抄;(如果主语是第一人称那么变成第二人称)2、如果句子中没有be动词或者是情态动词,要在句子最前面加助动词do、does或者是 did.首先判断句子时态,如果句子是过去式,那么要在句最前面加Did,后面动词用原型,some 改成any,句号改成问号,其余照抄;(如果主语是第一人称那么变成第二人称)如果句子不是过去式,那么判断是否为第三人称单数,如果第三人称单数,要在句子最前面前 加助动词Does,后面动词用原型,some改成any,句号改成问号,其余局部照抄.(如果 主语是第一人称那么变成第二人称)其他情况均要在句子最前面加助动词do, some改成any,句号改成问号,其它局部照 抄.(如果主语是第一人称那么变成第二人称)二、改为否认句1、先找 be 动词 am, is, are, was, were 或情态动词 can, may , must, would, should , could.如果有这些词,直接在这些词的后面加no3 some改成any,其余照抄;2、如果句子中没有be动词或者是情态动词,要在动词前面加dont、doesnt或者是didn't. 首先判断句子时态,如果句子是过去式,那么要在动词前面加didnt后面动词用原型,some 改成any,其余照抄;如果句子不是过去式,那么判断是否为第三人称单数,如果第三人称单数,要在动词前面前加 doesn匕后面动词用原型,some改成any,其余局部照抄.其他情况均要在句子动词前面加dont, some改成any,其它局部照抄.三、对某局部提问第一步:先把句子改成一般问句第二步:把提问局部省略,在句子最前面加疑问词.(如果提问局部是动词词组,要把它改 成do;如果提问局部是动名词词组,要把它改成doing)(注:如划线局部为主语,那么用who代替,其余照抄;如划线局部为动词或动词短语,那么 用do代替,句前加what,再改为一般疑问句)例:Jim is good at English and Maths.(对 画线局部提问)考点:句型转换分析:吉姆擅长英语和数学.解答:What is Jim good at ?考查句型转换题,对划线局部提问,首先要确定疑问词,对事 物进行提问用疑问词What ,再加bd情态动词/助动词+主语,所以为What is Jim good at ? 点评:句型转换题中首先要确定疑问词,再加一般疑问句.【常用疑问句例如】单词意思用法when什么时间问时间who谁问人whose谁的问主人where在哪里问地点which哪一个问选择why为什么问原因what什么问东西what time什么时间问时间what colour什么颜色问颜色what about 怎么样问意见what day星期儿问星期what date什么日期问具体日期what for为何目的问目的how 怎么样问情况how old多大问年龄how many多少问数量how much多少问价钱how about怎么样问意见how far多远问路程4.宾语从句【概念】(1)宾语从句:宾语从句是名词性从句的一种.宾语从句在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于 及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句, 介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.但是在初中阶段,主要要求学生掌握动词的宾语从句. 例如:John said that he was good at swimming.约翰说他擅长游泳.My teacher asked me why I was late for school.我的老师问我为什么上学迟到了.(2)连接词引导宾语从句的连接词分为:附属连词,连接代词、连接副词.附属连词:that, whether, if.连接代词:who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whosever, whatever.连接副词: when, where, why, how, whenever, however.【用法】(1)宾语从句的引导词由that引导的陈述句性的宾语从句.用在如say, think, wish, hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear, feel等动词后.连词that只起连接作用,在从句中不做句子的成分,也无词 汇意义,在口语中常被省略.例如:The radio says (that) it will be cloudy tomorrow.无线电报道明天将要阴天.Tom's mother told him (that) Mary was a good girl.汤姆的妈妈告诉他玛丽是个好姑娘.由连词if、whether引导的宾语从句.if、whether主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑 问句意思的宾语从句,从句同样是陈述语序.whether, if意思是“是否”,在从句中不做句 子的成分,一般情况下,whether和if可以替换.例如:I don't know if/whether the sports meeting

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