2022年人教版中考英语总复习 第一部分教材知识梳理 八年级(上)Units 9-10.docx

八年级（上）Units 9-10教材词汇分层训练净:重点单词背记.until conj.& p-ep.到时;直到为止1 .weekday .工作日（星期一至星期五的任何一天）.reply n.& “回答;答复2 .goodbye interj.& .再见.glad a用高兴;愿意3 .glue o胶水.concert九音乐会;演奏会4 .guest九客人;宾客.calendar .日历；日程表5 .video .录像带;录像.chocolate几巧克力6 .taxi比出租汽车;的士.unless除非;如果不7 .wallet .钱包.mile几英里8 .step几步骤;步.trust v.& .相信;信任17 .else别的淇他的净重点单词拓展1 .exam/examination 九考试一 examine 7检查2,hang艮悬挂:垂下t hung （过去式/过去分词）3.catch以及时赶上:接住:抓住caught （过去式/过去分词）nvite以邀请一 invitation 九邀请;请柬5 .accept乜接受 acceptable adj.可接受的.print v.打印;印刷 printer几打印机 printing n.印刷He has over ten years5 teaching experience.他有十多年的教学经验。Tell us your experiences in Xinjiang.给我们说说你在新疆的经历。2.e*erience作动词瞪:为“经历修受”。例如：Everyone experiences these problems at sometime in their lives.每个人在生活中的某个时候都会遇到这些问题。活学活用in treating patients.in treating patients.People often prefer to choose those doctors with richerA.experience B. weal thC.appearance D.agreement【解析】考查名词。句意:人们经常倾向于选择那些在治疗病人方面更有经验的医生。experience”经验、 符合语境。【答案】A重点句型考点8Unless we talk to someone,weHI certainly feel worse.除非我们和别人交流，否那么我们肯定会感觉更糟。（P77）典k叫意为邕除韭加果丕931gunless引导条件状语从句，当主句用 一般将来时时，从句通常用一般现在时表将来。例如：You won't get paid for time off unless you have a doctor's note.除非你有医生的证明，不然你请假期间 是没有工资的。活学活用.（2021 甘肃天水）you practice every day,you won't make any progress.A.Although B.UnlessC.If D.Since【解析】考查附属连词。句意:除非你每天练习，否那么你不会有任何进步。根据句意可知，此处表示否认的 条件，用unless引导条件状语从句。【答案】Byou have a caret's difficult to get there.you have a caret's difficult to get there.1 .（2021 江西）There are no buses to the beach.A.Since B.After C.Unless D.Because【解析】考查附属连词。句意:这里没有去海滩的公交车。除非你有一辆汽车,否那么很难到达那里。根据 句意可知,此处表示否认的条件，用unless引导条件状语从句。【答案】C安徽中考真题精选单项填空.(2021 安徽第 25 题)一Have you ever heard “A thousand-mile journey begins with the first”?一Yes.It's a famous Chinese saying by Laozi.( B )A.class B.stepC.break D.exam.(2019安徽第 44 题)Our business won't improve we offer better services to ourcustomers.( B )A.becauseB.unlessC. after D.since.(2018安徽第 38 题)一May I watch TV,Dad?一When your homework is finished,you.( B )A.shouldB.can C.must D.need1 .(2016安徽第 37 题)Please don't make so much noise.I hear the speaker very well.( C )A.needn't B.mustn'tCcan't D.shouldn't.(2014安徽第 35 题)一I forgot to bring my dictionary.Could I use yours?一Yes,you.( A )A.can B.must C.could D.should2 .(2013安徽第 44 题)The rivers will become dirtier and dirtier we take action to protectthem.( D )A.since B.ifC.until D.unless7.sad adj.（令人）悲哀的;（令人）难过的sadly ad比不幸地;悲伤地 sadness".悲伤8.without 忆".没有:不（做某事）with （反义词）prep.有;随着;和9.surprised.惊奇的;感觉意外的 surprising adj.令人惊讶的surprise n.惊喜v.使惊讶/惊奇.meeting九会议:集会:会面meet）会见:碰到met （过去式/过去分词）10 .advice九劝告:建议一 advise 以劝告:建议.travel v.& i旅行:游历 traveled/traveHed （过去式/过去分词）一 traveHng/travelling （现在分 词traveler/traveller漂泊者;旅行者;游客11 .certainly od以无疑;肯定:当然:行certain adj.确定;无疑.angry adj.发怒的;生气的angrily ad乜愤怒地一 anger儿怒火12 .mistake .错误;失误避吴解:弄错一 mistook （过去式）一 mistaken （过去分词）.solve比解决:解答一 solution .解决方法17.experience .经验;经历u经历;体验- experienced 力.有经验的争重点短语积累1 .prepare for 为做准备.go to the/a doctor 去看医生2 .another time其他时间;别的时间.hang out闲逛;常去某处3 .the day before yesterday 前天.the day after tomorrow 后天4 .look after照顾;照料.turn down拒绝;调小（音量）8 .take a trip 去旅行.help out （帮助）分担工作、解决难题9 .look forward to 期待;盼望.hear from接到（某人的）信、 等12 .reply to sb.回答某人.keep.to oneself 保守秘密13 .make a mistake/mistakes 犯错误16.in half分成两半争核心词汇语境练根据首字母及汉语提示补全单词1.1 want some paper and glue (胶水)to make a paper bird.2 .Come on! Suzhou Museum is only a few steps (步)further.3 .Would you pleasereply (答复)to my e-mail before Friday?1.1 was very angry (生气的)with myself for making so many mistakes.5 .The hotel was noisy,so headvised (建议)us to change it for another one.6 .Go and talk openly with your friends.lt helps build trust (信任).熟词生义.catch熟义:也及时赶上;抓住;接住生义忍得病;感染;听清楚;领会;引起，激发(兴趣、想象、注意等)(l)Not long ago,a senior high school student caught much attention at the second World Laureates Forum(世 界顶尖科学家论坛)in Shanghai.(2020湖南郴州)(D )(2)Pardon?I didn't catch what you said.( C )A.接住B.感染C听清楚D.引起1 .mistake熟义:几错误;失误生义”误解;弄错(1 )Sorry,I mistook your umbrella as mine yesterday.(C )(2)We should try to learn from our mistakes/ A )A.错误B.误解C.弄错2 . step熟义:几步;步骤生义:九台阶也迈步;踩;踏;行走(1 )Go along the stone steps to the top of the mountain.(B )(2)Follow these small steps,and you can make a big difference to the earth.(A )A.步骤B.台阶C.迈步D.行走名师考点精讲重I点I词I汇考点1情态动词can的用法【教材原句】Can you come to my party?你能来参加我的聚会吗?(P65)can作情态动词，可以表示说话人的语气或态度，也可以表示主语所具备的能力等，没有人称和数的变 化，在句子中不能单独作谓语，只能和实义动词原形一起构成复合谓语。can的否认形式为can't或cannot。 具体用法如下：例如：The man can't be Mr.White.He has gone abroad,那个人不可能是怀特先生。他已经出国了。How can you believe such a liar like him?你怎么能相信像他那样的骗子呢？拓展延伸(l)cannottoo/enough”无论也不过分;越越好“。例如：You cannot be too careful when traveling alone.单独旅游时，你越小心越好。(2)cannot but do sth.“不得不/只好做某事”。(3)can9t help doing sth.“忍不住做某事”。例如:I couldn't help laughing when I heard the joke.当我听到这个笑话时我忍不住笑了。活学活用.you tell him to call me back tomorrow?OK.I will tell him as soon as he comes back.A.Can B.ShouldC.Must D.Need【解析】考查情态动词。句意:你能让他明天给我回个 吗?好的。他一回来我就告诉他。此 处表示请求,can”可以;能”，符合语境。【答案】A.（2021 山东荷泽改编）一I wonder if these are Jim's glasses.一They be his.He doesn't wear glasses.A.could B.must C.can't D.needn't【解析】考查情态动词。句意:我想知道这副眼镜是否是吉姆的。不可能是他的。他不戴眼镜。根据"He doesn't wear glasses.”可知，这里应指眼镜不可能是他的。【答案】C考点2until的用法【教材原句】Oh,but Sam isn't leaving until next Wednesday.哦，但是萨姆要一直待到下周三才离开。（P66）词性用法例句介词用于肯定句中，意为“直到 为止”，句子的谓语动词必须是 延续性动词。用于否认句 中,notuntil后、为"直到 才”，句子的谓语动词通常 是非延续性动词。He will be working until 5 o'clock in the afternoon.他将一直工作到下午 5点。连词用于肯定句中，意为“直到 为止”，表示主句的动作或状态 一直持续到从句动作发生或 状态出现时为止。主句的谓语 动词必须是延续性动词。Continue in this direction until you see a sign.一直朝着这个方向走，直到你 看见指示牌为止。用于否认句中,not.until.意 为“直到才”，表示主 句的动作在从句动作或状态 出现时才发生。主句的谓语动She didn't go to bed until she finished her homework.她直至【J做完作业才去睡觉。词通常是非延续性动词，如 come,go,leave,begin,start,finish 等。特别提醒until引导时间状语从句时，如果从句表示的动作或状态还没有发生，习惯上要用一般现在时表示一般将 来时。例如：Don leave until we come back.在我们回来之前不要离开。We won 9t go home until the rain stops.我们要等雨停了 才回家。活学活用.（2021 浙江温州）At the meeting,the managers kept arguing about the problem they reached anagreement.A.after B.when C.until D.since【解析】考查附属连词。句意:会上经理们一直争论这个问题直到他们达成一致。根据句意可知,until"直 到"，符合语境。【答案】C.（2021 贵州铜仁改编）Has your father come back yet?一No.He won't come back this Sunday.A. forB. after C.from D.until【解析】考查介词。句意:你的爸爸已经回来了吗?还没。他要到这个周末才回来。notimtiL."直 到才”，符合语境。【答案】D考点3turn down的用法【教材原句】turn down an invitation 拒绝邀请（P69）例如:Could you turn down the background music?你能把背景音乐音量调低些吗？I was busy with my study report,so I turned down her invitation.我正忙于我的学习报告,所以我拒绝了 她的邀请。活学活用一Jim, the music.Our baby is sleeping.一Don't worry.He has been awake for half an hour.A.turn onB.turn upC.turn to D.turn down【解析】考查动词短语。句意:吉姆，把音乐声音调小一点。我们的宝宝正在睡觉。别担忧。他 已经醒了有半个小时了。turn down"（音量）调低"，符合语境。turn on“翻开”;turn up"出现;（音量）调高”;turn t。“转向;求助于”。【答案】D考点41ook forward to的用法【教材原句】I look forward to hearing from you alL我期待着收到你们所有人的来信。（P69）ooKforwardg意为“期待”，其后亘以接名词、一代词和动名词作宾语。例如：All the students are looking forward to the party.所有学生都在期待着这次聚会。I look forward to visiting Beijing one day.我期待有一天去北京游览。活学活用1.1 haven't seen my best friend Lucy for two months.Um looking forward to a video call with her.A.have B.havingC.has D.had【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我有两个月没有看到我最好的朋友露西了。我盼望着和她视频聊天。 look forward to doing sth,意为“期待做某事"，其中to为介词，介词后接动名词。【答案】B2.After the long summer vacation,some children are the day when they can go back to school.A.looking forward to B.looking up toC.taking care of D.taking part in【解析】考查动词短语。句意:经历了漫长的暑假之后，一些孩子期待着回到学校的那一天。A项意为“期 待”，符合语境。B项意为“敬仰;钦佩”;C项意为“照顾;照料”;D项意为“参加”。【答案】A考点 5 辨析 hear from,hear of 和 hear【教材原句】I look forward to hearing from you all.我期待着收到你们所有人的来信。(P69)考点用法hear from意为“收到的来信、 等;其宾语应是人，而不是信、 等。hear of意为“听说;获悉、后接名词、代词或动名词。hear可用作及物动词，表示“听到所见二侧重于听的结果。表示“听说”时，后面常接that从句。对某件事或某个消息感到惋惜时，常用“I am sorry to hear that.”。特别提醒hear of与hear about意义相近，表示听人说起、从书报上看到等,有时两者可以通用。例如:I've never heard of him.我从来没有听说过他。Have you heard about him from anywhere?你从什么地方听说过他吗？活学活用.(2021 广西贺州)一I had a pleasant trip last week.A.Good idea. B.Congratulations!C.Thank you. D.Vm glad to hear that.【解析】考查交际用语。句意:我上周旅行很愉快。很高兴听到这个。根据句意可知,D项“很 高兴听到这个“，符合语境。【答案】D.Lily wants to her brother because she misses him so much.A.hear from B.hear ofC.hear about D.listen to【解析】考查动词短语。句意:莉莉想要收到她哥哥的来信，因为她非常想念他。根据句意可知，此处应用 hear from sb.表示“收到某人的来信”。【答案】A考点6invite的用法【教材原句】I would like to invite you to the opening of our new library at No.9 High School.我想邀请您参加我们 第九中学新图书馆的落成典礼。(P71)例如：I've been invited to give a speech at the meeting.我已经受邀在会上发言。Tom invited me to his home for dinner last week.上周汤姆邀请我去他家吃晚饭。活学活用.（2021 黑龙江齐齐哈尔改编）Amy refused her friend's because she had to take care of hergrandma.A.traditionB .attentionC.invitation D.pollution【解析】考查名词。句意:艾米拒绝了她朋友的邀请，因为她得照顾她的奶奶。invitation”邀请:符合语境。【答案】c.一Will you go to Lisa's housewarming party next Sunday?一Well,if I J will go on time.A.invite B.will inviteC.am invited D.will be invited【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意:下个周日你会去参加莉萨的乔迁派对吗?嗯，如果我被 邀请，我会准时去的。由句意可知，本句主语I和谓语动词invite之间是被动关系，应用被动语态;且if引导 的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原那么，因此这里用一般现在时表将来。C项符合语境。【答案】C考点7experience的用法【教材原句】Students often forget that their parents have more experience,and are always there to help them.学生们 往往会忘记他们的父母拥有更多的经验，且总是在身边帮助他们。（P77）1 .魅国典或他名通意为喳验送践烛为丕亘数名诩意为嚏历时既亘作亘数名胤也亘作不可数名 词。例如：