大学英语四级考试模拟卷七（带答案）.docx

大学英语四级考试模拟卷七（总分：710.00,做题时间：125分钟）Part I Writing（总题数:1,分数：106.50）1. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the burden children are facing. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.（分数：106.50）正确答案：（范文Too Many Burdens to BearAs is illustrated in the picture, the newborn baby is expected to learn to walk, speak and read at 12-month old, an age when babies can barely make meaningful utterances. This picture vividly shows that fierce competition in modern time is imposing heavier and heavier burdens on children, who are now deprived of the right to enjoy a carefree childhood.It is not difficult to observe the heavy pressures imposed on children nowadays. The time has come to change our philosophy of education. On the one hand, too many pressures are likely to twist children's mental health, which is definitely detrimental to their long -term development. On the other hand, readiness to learn should be prioritized over other factors in that interest is the most potent driving force to learn. One is more likely to succeed when he is motivated than when he is forced to learn.It is true that children should start learning at an early age to keep pace with their peers. Nonetheless, they should not bear excessive pressures, which will hinder their growth.） 解析：Part II Listening Comprehension（总题数：0,分数：0.00）Section A（总题数：3,分数：49.70）. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.（分数:14.20）A.An invention made by architectsand engineers.B.A new device gathering information about buildings. JC.An introduction of a three-dimensional model.D. New ways of building structures.解析：听力原文Architects, engineers and building supervisors will soon be able to quickly collect information that once took weeks to measure and process. Scientists have developed a device to gather information about building interiors-the design and exact measurements of a building.The device requires only one passthrough a building to create a three-dimensional model of the structure. In other words, the model shows an object's height, width and depth. The device is also able to collect other valuable information related to the building's energy usage. The first thing you need to know is the exact shape of all rooms in the building. You have to consider the size and position of heating and cooling equipment, windows and doors. Another consideration is the placement of electrical outletsthe areas where electrically-operated 求帮助。由题干中的asked a librarian for help和in despair定位到文章F段最后一句。同义转述题。定位句提到，当查找资料来源时，被观察的许多学生甚至感到绝望过， 但没有一个人曾向图书管理员寻求帮助。题干与定位句表述基本一致，故答案为F。本文指出学生与图书管理员之间存在着一道鸿沟，而学生、教职员工和图书管理员都 对此负有责任。在实现“为读者节约时间”的目标之前，图书管理员应先让学生学会向他们 寻求帮助。A、B两段介绍了 ERIAL工程，指出该工程通过开放式采访和直接观察学生行为的方 法获得了较深入和主观的报道，发现学生和图书管理员之间存在鸿沟。CG段阐述了 ERIAL工程的几大发现：学生过分依赖互联网寻找资源、网络时代的 孩子并没有想象中那么擅长使用谷歌、学术性的搜索引擎也不一定就能帮学生解决问题、学 生没有向图书管理员寻求帮助的意识等，并阐述了造成这种现象的几个可能的原因。H段分析了教职员工对鸿沟应负的责任。由于他们自身对图书管理员期望不高，所以 也不会帮学生同图书管理员建立联系。I、J两段指出ERIAL工程的作用，并呼吁图书管理员在实现“为读者节约时间”的目 标之前，应先让学生学会向他们寻求帮助。2. The librarians learned from a two-year, five-campus ethnographic study that students rarely turn to librarians for help.（分数：7.10）填空项1： （正确答案：A）解析：一项耗时两年、有5所学校参与的人种学研究使图书管理员意识到，学生很少 向其寻求帮助。由题干中的 librarians learned 和 a two-year, five-campus ethnographic study 定位到文 章A段前两句。同义转述题。定位句先提出了学生很少向图书管理员寻求帮助的现象，后面的This is one of the sobering truths the librarians have learned.那么说明 了 前面所说的现象正是这项研究 的发现之一。题干中的turn to librarians for help对应定位句中的ask librarians for help,故答 案为A。3. The most important reason why students did not ask librarians for help was that they did not realize their own information illiteracy.（分数：7.10）填空项1： （正确答案：G）解析：学生不愿向图书管理员寻求帮助的最重要的原因是他们没有意识到自己对信息 并不了解.由题干中的The most important reason和information illiteracy定位到文章G段前两句。同义转述题。由定位句可知，研究说明，学生不愿向图书管理员寻求帮助的最根本原 因是，和其他所有人一样，他们并没有意识到自己对信息不了解的程度。题干中的did not realize their own information illiteracy .正是对原文 unaware of the extent of their own information illiteracy的同义转述，故答案为G。4. Open-ended interviews and direct observation were used in the ERIAL project to make a deep and subjective report.（分数：7.10）填空项1： （正确答案：B）解析：ERIAL工程采用开放式采访和直接观察的方法来获得较深入和主观的报道。由题干中的Open-ended interviewsand direct observation.the ERIAL project 和deep and subjective定位到文章B段。细节归纳题。由定位段可知，研究人员通过开放式采访和直接观察的方法来收集数据 资料,接着给出了这样做的目的：“to generate data that.would provide deep, subjective accounts0,即得出比拟深入、主观的报道。题干中的report对应原文中的accounts,故答案 为Bo5. Besides students, librarians and professors are also responsible for the gap between studentsand library employees.（分数：7.10）填空项1： （正确答案：H）解析：除学生外，图书管理员和教授也应该为学生和图书馆工作人员之间的鸿沟负责 任。由题干中的 librarians and professors 和 gap between students and library employees 定 位到文章H段前两句。同义转述题。由定位句可知，除了学生，图书管理员和教授也应该为学生和图书馆工 作人员之间的鸿沟负局部责任。题干中的gap对应定位句中的gulf,故答案为H。6. Students rely heavily on the Internet to find sources.（分数：7.10）填空项1： （正确答案：C）解析：学生过度依赖互联网寻找资料来源。由题干中的rely heavily on the Internet定位到文章C段首句。同义转述题。由定位句可知，这次研究最让人担忧、也是最能够预料的发现是：在互 联网时代，学生在查询及评估资料来源时对网络极为依赖。题干中的rely heavily on the Internet与原文中的extremely Internet-dependent属于同义转述，故答案为C。7. Professors fail to connect students to librarians, because they have low expectations for librarians.（分数：7.10）填空项1： （正确答案：H）解析：教授对图书管理员的期望不高，因此他们没有让学生去和图书管理员建立联系。由题干中的 Professors fail to connect students to librarians 及 low expectations 定位到文 章H段倒数第四句。同义转述题。定位句提到，教耿员工对图书管理员的期望不高，因此他们不会让学生 去和图书管理员建立联系，也没有让学生明白和图书管理员合作会有所帮助。定位句中的 faculty 指的是上一句中的 professors,题干中的 fail to connect students to librarians 对应定位 句中的 students may not be connected to librarians,故答案为 H。8. It surprised Illinois researchers that students were not good at using Google.（分数：7.10）填空项1： （正确答案：D）解析：出乎伊利诺伊州研究者的意料，学生们并不那么擅长使用谷歌。由题干中的Illinois researchers和not good at using Google定位到文章D段第：句。同义转述题。题干中的surprised是原文中did not expect的同义转换，定位句中冒号 后面的内容就是出乎研究者意料的具体内容：学生们并不那么擅长使用谷歌。题干与定位句 意思一致，故答案为D。9. Before librarians can realize the goal of "saving time for the reader", they first should get students to ask for help.（分数：7.10）填空项1： （正确答案：I）解析：在实现“为读者节约时间”的目标之前，图书管理员应先让学生学会向他们寻 求帮助。由题干中的 w saving time for the reader"和 get students to ask for he Ip 定位到文章 I 段 第三、四句。同义转述题。定位句中的th述指的就是academic librarians should seek to 44 save time for the reader",题干中的realize the goal对应定位句中的they can do that,故答案为I。10. Due to the absence of the newest articles, the frequently used database JSTOR does not necessarily help students solve their problems.（分数：7.10）填空项1： （正确答案：E）解析：经常被学生使用的JSTOR数据库并不一定能帮助学生解决问题，因为它不能提 供最新科研文章。由题干中的 newest articles、JSTOR 和 not necessarily help students solve their problems 定位到文章E段。细节归纳题。该段首先指出，比拟学术的资源也不一定能帮学生解决问题，随后以 JSTOR为例，指出虽然JSTOR在采访中被学生们提到的次数位居第二，学生们经常使用它搜 索某些话题的当前研究情况，但是却没有意识到它并不提供最新发表的文章。题干中的 newest articles 对应原文中的 the most recently published articles,故答案为 E«Section C（总题数:0,分数:0.00）Passage One（总题数:1,分数:71.00）.You may know the feeling. It's the late afternoon, and you still haven't left the house. You've spent the last several hours on your phone, scrolling through your Facebook news feed, refreshing Twitter and watching YouTube videos. A smartphone might feel like it's keeping you connected, but it can also be a way of secluding yourself.Data from a recent study conducted by researchers at Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine found that the scenario described above-high volume of phone use and a static （静止的）geographic locationcould be linked to depression. The study, published in The Journal of Medical Internet Research, also found that depressed people, on average, spend more time on the phone than non-depressed people."People are likely when on their phones, to avoid thinking about things that are troubling, painful feelings or difficult relationships," said David Molar, one of the study's senior authors and a professor of behavioral psychology at Northwestern, in a statement. "It's an avoidance behavior we see in depression." Mohr also pointed out that depressed people tend to withdraw emotionally and avoid going outbehaviors that are arguably facilitated by the constant entertainment stream available on smartphones.The study's participants consisted of a mix of people with and without prior depression. They completed a questionnaire describing their symptoms before agreeing to have their phone use monitored for two weeks. Using GPS, the researchers tracked their location and the amount of time they spent on the phone. They were then able to identify which participants were depressed using the aggregated phone data, with 87 percent accuracy.Soh rob Saeb, a research fellow at Northwestern, said in the release that phones could be more reliable for diagnosing depression than traditional methods. In standard industry practice, patients are often asked to describe their symptoms by indicating how sad they are on a scale of 1 to 10. According to Saeb, the release reported, these responses can be rote and unreliable. In contrast, the study found, a smartphone can unobtrusively （不引人注目上也）and accurately measure a patient's daily activity, providing data that could trigger a health care provider to recognize the need for an intervention.1. What is the author's opinion about using a smartphone? （分数：71.00） A.lt is only a tool to contact people.B.lt makes people feel lonely.C.lt does great harm to health.D.lt keeps people a part from others. J解析：由题干中的opinion和smartphone定位到原文第一段最后一句。细节识别题。由定位句可知，作者认为智能手机虽然可能让人感觉时刻和外界保持着 联系，但是其实是一种隔离自己的方式，故答案为D。参考译文你也许知道这种感受：在黄昏时分，你仍然没有离开家。你已经玩儿了好 几个小时的手机，翻看着你在Facebook上的动态消息，刷新你的Twitter,或是看YouTube 上的视频。一部智能手机可能让你觉得好像时时都在与外界联系，但是这其实也是一种隔离 自己的方式。西北大学费恩伯格医学院的研究人员的最近一项研究的数据发现上述的情况一一手 机的高使用率和静止不动一一或许和抑郁有关。这项发表在医学互联网研究期刊上的研 究同时也发现，平均来看，抑郁人群会比非抑郁人群花费更多的时间在手机上。这项研究的高级作者之一、西北大学行为心理学教授大卫莫尔在一份声明中说人 们在使用手机的时候更容易防止去想那些烦恼的事情、痛苦的感受或是难相处的人际关系。 这是我们在抑郁中常见的一种回避行为。”他同时指出抑郁人群更易于收敛自己的情绪或是 防止外出一一可以说智能手机上不间断的大量娱乐活动助长了这些行为。这项研究的参与者是由一群之前患过抑郁症或是没有患过此病的人结合组成的。在同 意自己手机使用情况被监控两周的时间之前，他们完成了一项调查问卷，描述了自己的病症。 通过使用全球定位系统，研究人员追踪了他们的位置以及他们使用手机的时间。研究人员随 之就可以通过手机上收集到的数据断定哪些参与者是抑郁的，准确率到达87%,西北大学的一位研究者索拉博赛义卜在发布会上说，在诊断抑郁症方面，手机比其 他一些传统方法可能更可靠。在标准化的行业惯例中，病人经常被要求从1到10来说明自 己的痛苦程度，以此来描述自己的病症。在发布会上，依据赛义卜所言，这些反响都是生硬 且不可信的。相比之下，该研究发现智能手机却可以不动声色而准确地监测病人的日常行为， 提供可以让医疗人员意识到有介入的必要性的数据。Passage Two（总题数:1,分数：71.00）.Executive paychecks might grab the most headlines, but it's top-tier medical professionals who are bringing in the biggest salaries, according to the most recent Occupational Employment Statistics survey conducted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.Leading the list once again is anesthesiologist （麻醉师），with an average annual salary of $235 070. General and specialized physicians dominate the 10 best-paying jobs in the country. Further down the list, internists, family and general practitioners, and psychiatrists continue the trend. According to the BLS, healthcare industry expansion means that employment for physicians and surgeons is expected to grow nearly 20% between 2012 and 2022faster than the average for all occupations.The lone representative of the corporate org. chart that makes the list is chief executive, coming in at number 10 with an average annual salary of $178 400. While the relative absence of the C-suite in the top 10 best-paying jobs might raise a few eyebrows, the occupations at the other end of the spectrum pack fewer surprises. The worst-paying job in America is fast food cook, a job that pays an average of $9.07 hourly, or $18 870 for those employed full-time, year-round.In fact, restaurant and food-service industry jobs occupy the majority of rungs at the lowest end of the wage ladder, with various positions in food preparation, dish washing, and counter and cafeteria service all paying at or below about $20 000 annually. Shampooers also bring in some of the lowest wages, at an average $9.09 per hour, or $18 910 annually, as do theater ushers, amusement park attendants, and farm workers.Perhaps more significant than the difference between wages at the top and bottom of the compensation spectrum is how many more people hold low-wage jobs than high-wage jobs. According to the BLS, "Most of the largest occupations were relatively low paying. Of the 10 largest occupations, only registered nurses, with an annual mean wage of $68 910, had an average wage above the US all-occupations mea n of $22,33 per hour or $46 440 annually. Annual mean wages for the rest of the 10 largest occupations ranged from $18 880 for combined food preparation and serving workers to $34 000 for secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive."1. Which of the following occupations earns the most according to the most recent Occupational Employment Statistics survey? （分数：71.00）A.Medical professionals. JB. Executives.C.Businessmen.0.Government officials.解析：由题干中的 Occupational Employment Statistics survey 定位到第一段。细节识别题。定位段说明，根据美国劳工统计局最近的职业就业统计调查报告， 虽然企业高管的薪水或许最能够受到媒体关注，但是收入最高的却是那些顶级的医疗专家。 因此正确答案为A。参考译文根据美国劳工统计局最近的职业就业统计调杳报告，虽然企业高管的 薪水或许最能够受到媒体关注，但是收入最高的却是那些顶级的医疗专家。麻醉师，再次以235070美元的平均年薪力拔头筹。全科医生和专科医生占据了全美 十大高薪职业的大局部席位。再往下，内科医生、家庭和全科医生、精神科医生延续了上面 的趋势。劳工统计局称，医疗保健行业的扩张意味着内科和外科医生的就业人数在2012至 2022年间预计将增长近20%,快于所有职业的平均速度。在企业类职业中，唯一挤进这份名单的是首席执行官，以178400美元的平均年薪位 居第十位。尽管高管在十大高薪职业中的相对弱势有点让人始料不及，但另一方面，十大低 薪职业构成情况给人带来的意外却不多。在美国，薪酬最低的工作当属快餐店厨师，这份工 作的平均时薪只有9.07美元，全职年薪为18870美元。事实上，餐饮服务行业的工作在低薪职位中占据了大局部，从事备餐、洗碗、收银和 自助餐服务等工作的员工，只能领到大约2万美元的年薪，甚至还不到这个数字。洗发员同 样也是薪资最低的工作，平均时薪为9.09美元，或者年薪为18910美元，同样低薪的职业 还有剧院引座员、游乐场服务员和农场雇工。或许，相比最高薪职业和最低薪职业薪酬差距有多少，更重要的是从事低薪工作的人 要比从事高薪工作的人多出多少。劳工统计局称，“美国就业人数最多的几种职业，薪酬大 多都偏低。就业人数最多的十种职业，仅有注册护士以68910美元的平均年薪超过全美平均 工资水平（时薪22.33美元，或者年薪46440美元）。”在就业人数最多的十种职业中其他的儿 种职业，平均年薪从最低的备餐及服务人员（年薪18880美元）到除法律、医疗和行政部门以 外的秘书和行政助理（年薪34000美元）不等。Part IV Translation（总题数：1,分数：106.50）1 .中国致力于建设国家创新体系，通过营造良好的环境，推进知识创新、技术创新和 体制创新。中国政府支持科学家为了国家需求和科学开展开展基础研究，鼓励他们进行“好 奇心驱动的研究”。在未来50年甚至更长的时期里，中国的开展将在很大程度上依赖于今天基础研究和高技术研究的创新成就，依赖于这些研究中所必然孕育的优秀人才。 （分数：106.50）正确答案：(China is dedicated to building a national system for innovation to promote the innovation of knowledge, technology and institution by creating a favourable environment. The Chinese government supports scientists in undertaking basic research to meet the demand of the country and to promote the development of science, and encourages them to conduct "curiosity-driven research". In the next 50 years or even a longer period of time, China's development will largely rely on the innovative achievements of today's basic research and high-tech research, and on the high-quality talents who are bound to be nurtured in the course of these researches.)解析:equipment can be connected to the power supply.What is the news report mainly about?. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3.（分数：14.20）A.Kids should spend more time outdoors.B.Kids all like trees and flowers.C.Kids may learn better in green nature. VD.Kid