2022届必修二Unit3-Unit5训练卷B卷教师版.docx

2022届高三一轮单元训练卷必修二 Unit 3-Unit 5 （B）本卷须知：1 .答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准 考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2 .选择题的作答：每题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案 标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3 .非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在 试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4 .考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一卷选择题.第一局部 听力（共两节，总分值30分）略第二局部 阅读理解（共两节，总分值40分）第一节（共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分）阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最正确选项。AA music festival is a community event mainly about live performances of singing and instrument playing that is often presented with a main idea. On the list are the music festivals for fans around the world. Find your favourite now!Field DayJanuary 1,2021, SydneyField Day means New Year's Day fbr young people in Sydney. Seen as the city's original（独特的）outdoor party, it's a gathering of friends coming together for a great fun-filled first day of the year. There's an air of hope and active energy on a perfect summer's day.Envision FestivalFebruary 21-26, 2021,UvitaThe Envision Festival is an annual event in Costa Rica that wants to provide a chance fbr different cultures to work with one another to create a better community. The festival encourages people to practise art, music and dance performances. At the same time, our conneclion（联系）with nature is expected to be strengthened.McDowell Mountain Music FestivalMarch 2-4, 2021, PhoenixThe McDowell Mountain Music Festival is Phoenix's musical celebration of community culture. Since its founding in 2004. it is the only 100% nonprofit（非营利的）music festival designed （o support, entertain and educate the community. The festival attracts thousands of visitors each year from around （he country, and it is an opportunity to experience true culture.Old Settler's Music FestivalApril 19-22, 2021,TilmonThe Old Settler's Music Festival is a nationally known music festival for American music. The festival is held in Tilmon, Texas at the height of the wild flower season. The Old Settler's Music Festival ofiers great music and activities fbr the whole family.1. In which city can people enjoy a fun New Year's Day?A. Sydney. B. Uvita. C. Phoenix. D. Tilmon.2. What is special about the McDowell Mountain Music Festival?A. It encourages people to receive education.B. It is not held to make money.C. It provides a chance for friends to meet each other.D. It focuses on culture spread.3. Which festivals are connected with nature?A. Field Day and Envision Festival.B. Envision Festival and McDowell Mountain Music Festival.C. Old Settler's Music Festival and McDowell Mountain Music Festival.D. Envision Festival and Old Settler's Music Festival.【答案】1-3 ABD【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个著名的音乐节。1 .细节理解题。根据 Field Day 局部中 uField Day means New Year's Day for young people in Sydney.可知，Field Day是悉尼年轻人的新年节日,应选A项。2 .细节理解题。根据McDowell Mountain Music Festival局部中的第二句可知,自2004 年成立以来，它是唯一一个旨在支持、娱乐和教育社区的完全非营利性音乐节，即该活 动的目的不是赚钱，应选B项。3 .推理判断题。根据 Envision Festival 局部中的“our connection with nature is expected lo be strengthened.w （我们与自然的联系被认为增强了» ）和 Old Settler's Music Festival 局部中 *The festival is held in TiMon, Texas at the height of the wild ilower season."这 个节H在德克萨斯州的蒂蒙举行，当时正值野花盛开的季节。）可知，这两个节日与自 然有关。故D项正确。BScience has a lot of uses. It can uncover laws of nature, cure diseases, make bombs, and help bridges to stand up. Indeed science is so good at what it does that there's always a temptation（诱惑）to drag it into problems where it may not be helpful. David Brooks, author of The Social Animal: The Hidden Sources of Love, Character, and Achievement, appears to be the latest in a long line of writers who have failed to resist the temptation.Br（x）ks gained fame for several books. His latest book The Social Animal, however, is more ambitious and serious than his earlier books. It is an attempt to deal with a set of weighty topics. The book focuses on big questions: What has science revealed about human nature? What are the sources of character? And why arc some people happy and successful while others aren't?To answer these questions, Brooks surveys a wide range of disciplines（学科）. Considering this, you might expect the book to be a dry recitation of facts. But Brooks has structured his book in an unorihodox（非常规的），and perhaps unfortunate way. Instead of introducing scientific theories, he tells a story，within which he tries to make his points, perhaps in order to keep the reader's attention. So as I larold and Erica, the hero and heroine in his story, live through childhood, we hear about the science of child development and as they begin to date we hear about the theory of sexual attraction. Brooks carries this through to the death of one of his characters.On the whole, Brooks' story is acceptable if uninspired. As one would expect, his writing is mostly clear and, to be fain some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, for instance, the chapter in which Harold discovers how to think on his own. While Harold and Erica arc certainly not strong or memorable characters, （he more serious problems with The Social Animal lie elsewhere. These problems partly involve Brooks' attempt to translate his tale into science.4. The author mentions the functions of science at the beginning of the passage toA. illustrate where science can be appliedB. demonstrate the value of Brooks' new bookC. remind the reader of the importance of scienceD. explain why many writers use science in their works5. According to the author, which of the following could be a strength of the book?A. Its strong basis.B. Its convincing points.C. Its clear writing.D. Its memorable characters.6. What is the author's general attitude towards the book?A. Contradictory. B. Supportive.C. Cautious.D. Critical.7. What is the author likely to write about after the last paragraph?A. Problems with the book.B. Brooks, life experience.C. Death of the characters.D. Brooks' translation skills.【答案】4-7 DCDA【解析】本文是一篇I弓评，介绍了大卫布鲁克斯的书?社会动物?，并告诉我们在这 本书中他如何运用科学方面的知识来阐述他的故事，并指出这本书的优点和缺乏。4 .推理判断题。首段第一、二句首先列举出科学的许多功能，接着指出科学有巨大 的诱惑力，以致许多作家抵挡不住这种诱惑，在文学作品中运用到科学。5 .细节理解题。根据最后一段的“，his writing is mostly clear and, to be fair, some chapters stand out above the rest. I enjoyed, 可知,作者认为写作思路清晰是这本书的 一大优势。6 .观点态度题。最后一段中的连接词“While"之前是这本书的优势，其后作者指 出了其缺乏。因此作者对这本书持批判的态度。7 .推理判断题。文章最后一段中连接词“While"后面局部开始谈论这本书存在的 问题，因此作者紧接着应该还是写这本书的缺乏。CVijay Gupta is known to classical music lovers across the United States. He serves as first violinist for the Los Angeles Philharmonic. In that job, he often plays to large crowds, including many very rich people. When he is not performing, he organizes concerts for homeless people. uThey have reminded me why I became a musician,“ he said.Last week. Gupta was recognized for being a founder and the artistic director of Street Symphony. The group has performed at homeless shelters, jails and halfway houses for about eight years. Gupta is among the 25 winners of the 2021 MacArthur Fellowship, commonly known as (he "genius grant," Each winner will receive $625, 000 over five years (o use as they wish. The money is coming from a private group, the John D. and Katherine T. MacArthur Foundation. It awards grants (补助金)to people whose work it considers exceptional and that “inspires hope in us all/ Gupta said he got the idea for Street Symphony while teaching Nathaniel Ayers, a trained musician whose mental illness led to homelessness.The 31-year-old grant winner said he does not know yet how he will spend the money. He has been a performer since age seven and the award will give him "space to breathe, plan and look ahead/'Another winner is Rebecca Sandcfur, an associate professor of sociology and law in the University of Illinois. The Associated Press says her research actively supports new ways to involve poor communities in (he U. S. justice system.47-year-old Sandefur created the first national mapping of civil legal aid providers. It shows which states had the financial resources to provide such aid and which did not. She also found that the cost of legal services is only one of the things preventing poor people from getting lawyers. Among the others are fears about unfairness in the legal system. Sandefur noted that a lot of attention has been paid to problems with the criminal justice system, but more attention must be paid to the civil side of the law, which also affects millions of people.8. Why did Gupta win the award?A. For his achievements in classical music.B. For performing for large crowds.C. For organizing a group playing for the homeless.D. For the friendship with Nathaniel Ayers.9. What do we know about MacArthur Fellowship?A. It is founded by the government.B. It offers $625, 000 to 25 winners in 2021.C. It allows the winners to use the money freely.D. It awards people who make great contributions to society.10. What was the extraordinary thing that Sandefur did?A. She made it easier to get legal help for the poor.B. She made the legal system fairer.C. She paid more attention to the criminal justice system.D. She ottered legal aids to the poor freely.11. Which can be (he best title fbr the passage?A. Grants winners, inspiring the poorB. The city homeless, in need of helpC. Vijay Gupta , an extraordinary violinistD. MacArthur Foundation, awarding exceptional work【答案】8-11 CCAA【解析】本文主要讲述了美国两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获奖者Gupta和Sandefur分别 通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助而鼓励穷人的故事。8 .细节理解题。根据第二段 The group has performed at homeless shelters, jails and halfway houses for about eight years.可知，Gupta获得该奖是因为他组织的街道交响乐团 为流浪者演奏音乐。应选C。9 .细节理解题。根据第二段 Each winner will receive $625. 000 over five years (o use as they wish.可知，获奖者将在五年内获得625, 000美元的奖金，供其随意使用。应选 Co10 .细节理解题。根据倒数第二段 The Associated Press says her research actively supports new ways to involve poor communities in the U. S. justice system. 可知，美联社 称，Sandefur的研究为贫困地区参与美国司法系统提供了新途径，由此可知，Sandefur 使穷人更容易获得法律援助。应选A。11 .主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了美国两位麦克阿瑟奖学金的获奖 者Gupla和Sandefur分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助而鼓励穷人的故 事。应选A。DYou can relax if remembering everything isn't your strong suit. Recent research makes the case that being forgetful can be a strength-in fact, selective memory can even be a sign of stronger intelligence.Traditional research on memory has focused on the advantages of remembering everything. But looking through years of recent memory data, researchers found that the neurobiology of forgetting can be just as important （o our decision-making as what our minds choose to remember.Making intelligent decisions doesn't mean you need to have all the infbnnation at hand. It just means you need to hold onio the most valuable information. And that means clearing up space in your memory palace for the most up-to-date information on clients and situations. Our brains do this by creating new neurons（神经元）in our hippocampus, which have the power to overwrite（重写）existing memories that are influencing our decision-making.If you want to increase the number of new neurons in our brain's learning region, try exercising. Some aerobic exercise like jogging, power walking and swimming has been found to increase the number of neurons making important connections in our brains.When we forget the names of certain clients or details about old jobs, the brain is making a choice that these details don't matter. Although too much forgetfulness can be a cause fbr concern, （he occasional lost detail can be a sign of a perfectly healthy memory system. The researchers found that our brains facililaie decision-making by stopping us from focusing too much on unimportant past details. Instead, the brain helps us remember （he most important part of a conversation.We can get blamed for being absent-minded when we forget past events in perfect detail. These findings show us that total recall（记忆）can be overvalued. Our brains are working smarter when they aim to remember the right stories, not every story.12. How can we help our brains produce more neurons?A. By having deep sleep frequently.B. By practicing swimming regularly.C. By doing mental labor repeatedly.D. By learning new skills constantly.13. Which of the following can best replacek4faciIitate" underlined in Paragraph 5?A. Postpone.B. Repeat.C. Promote.D. Abuse.14. What conclusion can be drawn from （he text?A. Memory loss is well worth noticing.B. Decisions can't be made without memories.C. We shouldn't stress total recall too much.D. Forgetting is even more important than remembering.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Caulion: Do Remember to Forget.B. Why and How People Choose to Forget.C. Want to Become Smarter? Learn to Forget.D. Being Forgetful Might Mean You Are Smarter.【答案】12-15 BCCD【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要讲了大脑通过权衡比较后，有选择地遗忘一些旧的 或无关紧要的信息。选择性遗忘会使我们的大脑更聪明。12 .细节理解题。由第四段的"Some aerobic exercise like jogging, power walking and swimming has been found to increase the number of neurons making important connections in our brains/可知，通过定期练习游泳可以帮助大脑产生更多的神经元。13 .词义猜测题。由第五段的画线词所在句及*Instead, the brain helps us remember the most imporlani part of a conversation.z/ 可知，通过上下文的语境可以判断出，promote “促进”可以最好地替代facilitate的意思。14 .推理判断题。由最后一段最后两句 uThese findings show us that total recall can be overvalued. Our brains are working smarter when they aim to remember the right stories, not every siory."可推断出，我们不应该过分强调完全记忆。15 .标题归纳题。最后段的"These findings show us that total recall can be overvalued. Our brains are working smarter when they aim to remember the right stories, not every story."是全文的主题句，且结合全文内容可知，这篇文章的标题应是“健忘可能 意味着你更聪明"。第二节 七选五（共5小题：每题2分，总分值10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。Sports performance can be influenced by many different things. 16There are many physical factors（因素）ihal play a pari in sports performance.17 The natural talent and strength of the players will make a difference. Also. i（ is important to get enough sleep before you are in a sports event. j_8 Eating good meals is also important. When you are hungry, you cannot perform the same. You might be thinking about food when you should be thinking about the game.Of course, the more a team or a player practices, the more likely they are to perform well.The same person with the same physical abilities might just become better as he practices.Researching your competitor can matter a lot in sports performance. Knowing their strengths and weaknesses can help you adjust how you play to give yourself a better performance against (hem. J9 If you can figure out where to hit (he ball in tennis that would confuse your competitor, for example, (hen this can help you score points.20 If someone is very pessimistic about a game, for example, and is sure that he will lose, then he might increase his chances of doing so. If he is very nervous then he might be thinking about that instead of focusing on the game. If he is focused then he might do better, achieving what he didn't even realize he could. His confidence can also affect how the other team views him.A. It is important to be a