押题卷04-冲刺2022年中考英语重难题型考前突破（广东专用）（解析版）.docx

冲刺2022年中考英语重难题型考前突破（广东专用）押题卷04【解析版】本试卷共10页，81小题，总分值90分。考试用时75分钟。考前须知：1 .答卷前，考生务必用黑色字的钢笔或签字笔将自己的准考证号、姓名、考场号 和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔在“考场号”和“座位号，'栏相应位置填涂 自己的考场号和座位号。将条形码粘贴在答题卡“条形码粘贴处”。2 .作答选择题时，选出每题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答 案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答 在试卷上。3 .非选择题必须用黑色字的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定 区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案； 不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4 .考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。、听力理解（略） 二、语法选择（本大题共10小题，每题1分，共10分）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最正确答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。Book crossing, a new way of reading, is developing, with book lovers leaving 31 books in public places, to be picked up and “boirowed“ by others.The Belarusian National Technical University was 32 first to support the idea in the country. Several 33 ago, the director of its library, Alexey Kalaban, 34 a large glass box of books which were free for anyone to read, at a Swedish （瑞典的）airport. He was very excited. 35 great the idea was! So he wanted to bring it lo his country. The question was only where such books might 36 in public.37“We put the bookcase in the main building. It is free to everyone. People can be志愿者必须符合的条件是：到时年满18周岁且身体健康；具有良好的沟通和协调能力，能 够用外语进行沟通，非中国籍志愿者必须具备基本的汉语表达能力；能够参加杭州亚运会组 委会组织的各种培训和活动；具有一定运动专业知识的人是优先选用。由此推知I,选项A“萨 莉是一位在中学教体育的老师''可能符合以上志愿者的条件，应选A。53. 推理判断题。根据“Have good communication and coordination skills and be able to communicate in a foreign language. Volunteers of non-Chinese nationality must have basic Chinese expressing ability;"可知，志愿者能够用外语进行沟通并且必须具备基本的汉语表达 能力，因此是至少会说两种语言。应选C。54. 细节理解题。根据"You can submit volunteer application through the official website of Hangzhou Asian Games, the official WeChat account of Hangzhou Asian Games, and “Smart Asian Games” Alipay applet.”可知，有意者可以通过杭州亚运官网、杭州亚运官方微信账号、“智慧亚运”支付宝小程序等三个渠道提交志愿者申请。应选C。55. 词义猜想题。根据"How to apply?"以及"You can submit volunteer application through the official website of Hangzhou Asian Games, the official WeChat account of Hangzhou Asian Games, and "Smart Asian Games" Alipay applet.”可知，此处提供了三种提交志愿者申请的渠 道。give in屈服；take in吸入；join in参加；putin申请。应选D。BMalaria （疟疾）has been a deadly problem for humans since ancient times. Usually, people get malaria when infected mosquitoes （被感染的蚊子）bite them. Countless people have died from it. Thankfully, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou found an effective drug called qinghaosu （青蒿 素）.This year marks the 50th anniversary of Tu's discovery. In 1969, Tu became the director of a national project to develop a drug against malaria. Her team took a unique approach （方法）.They went back to books about classical Chinese medicine. After reading more than 2,000 old remedies （药方），Tu and her team collected over 600 plants and listed almost 380 possible remedies for malaria.One remedy, which is 1,600 years old, uses the sweet wormwood （青蒿）plant to treat malaria. Tu found it effective and tried to extract （提取）the qinghaosu from it in order to make drugs. The extraction failed at first, so Tu returned to the classical books again and finally found a way. She used a low-temperature method to extract the qinghaosu and succeeded in 1972.After her team showed that qinghaosu could treat malaria in mice and monkeys, Tu and two of her colleagues volunteered to test the drug on themselves before testing on human patients. It turned out that qinghaosu was safe. All patients in the tests recovered. Gradually, qinghaosu became the first-line treatment （治疗方案）for malaria recommended （推荐）by the World Health Organization （WHO）, saving millions of lives around the world.In 2015, when Tu was awarded with the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine, she refused to take all of the credit （荣誉）.Instead, she praised her colleagues （I司事）and Chinese traditional medicine. She once proudly said: "Every scientist dreams of doing something that can help the world."When was qinghaosu discovered?A. In 1969. B. In 1972. C. In 2015. D. More than 1,600 years ago. 57. What is qinghaosu?A. It is a kind of plant.B. It is a classical Chinese medicine.C. It is an element extracted from plants.D. It is an old Chinese folk remedy.56. Why did Tu Youyou's first extraction fail?A. Because she used the wrong type of plant.B. Because it was a folk remedy.C. Because the extraction was done at a low temperature.D. Because the temperature of the extraction is not low enough.57. Why did Tu's colleagues test the drug on themselves first?A. Because people didn't believe it could treat malaria.B. Because they couldn't find suitable animals to do the tests.C. Because her colleagues were in need of the drug.D. Because they wanted to test the safety of the drug.60. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Tu's discovery benefited all mankind.B. Tu will now study traditional Chinese medicine.C. Tu will continue improving the extraction of qinghaosu.D. Tu was not proud of winning the Nobel Prize.【答案】56. B57. C58. D59. D60. A【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了诺贝尔医学奖获得者屠呦呦女士和她的团队发现青蒿素的过程。56. 细节理解题。根据"She used a low-temperature method to extract the qinghaosu and succeeded in 1972,"可知，她用低温法提取青蒿素，并在1972年获得成功。应选B。57. 细节理解题。根据"One remedy, which is 1,600 years old, uses the sweet wonnwood （青蒿）plant to treat malaria. Tu found it effective and tried to extract （提取）the qinghaosu from it in order to make drugs.”可知，其中一种有1600年历史的药物，用青蒿来治疗疟疾。屠发现了它的有 效性,并试图从中提取青蒿素来制造药物。因此，青蒿素是一种从青蒿当中提炼出来的精华。应选C。58. 细节理解题。根据"The extraction failed at first, so Tu returned to the classical books again and finally found a way. She used a low-temperature method to extract the qinghaosu and succeeded in 1972.”可知，一开始他们提取失败的原因是他们没用低温法提取青蒿素。应选D。59. 细节理解题。根据"After her team showed that qinghaosu could treat malaria in mice and monkeys, Tu and two of her colleagues volunteered to test the drug on themselves before testing on human patients. It turned out that qinghaosu was safe.”可知，他们先在自己身上试药是为了 检验青蒿素用在人的身上安不平安。应选D。60.推理判断题。根据“Every scientist dreams of doing something that can help the world.”及全文可 知，屠呦呦带着团队研究发现了青蒿素，解决了抗疟治疗失效难题，为人类健康事业做出了 巨大贡献。应选A。C配对阅读。左栏是五位同学遇到的心理困扰，右栏是七条心理专家的回复，请为左栏的每位 同学选择一个合适的建议，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。61. Whatever I do I always think about if other people will like it. How can I stop worrying about what they think?62. My dream is to be on the Olympic team for gymnastics. My dad thinks I started too late and ril never be able to make it. He puts me down but I want his support. What should I do?63. What should I do if I failed a test? I'm afraid to tell my mom because she might get mad at me, and don't allow me to play soccer. But soccer is like the world to me.A. It's better to tell your mom the truth than for her to find out another way. When you tell her, explain why you failed the test. Ask her if she can help you study in the future, so that you'll do better on your tests and also have time for the soccer you love.B. Just be yourself and try not to care about what others think. The more you think about it, the worse you will feel. Always act strongly and confidently. Even if you are a little unsure of something, don't doubt your abilities to do things right. Just relax.C You should tell him about your dream and that if you work really hard, it might come true even though you start late. The sooner you tell your dad how you feel, the sooner you'll be able to work on making your dream come true.D. You should take more exercise to prepare for the Olympic team.E. Nobody knows you at your new school and you have nothing to lose. So, gather （聚集）up all your courage64 . I just moved to a new place, and I'm kind of shy. So how do I make new friends?65 . I have some difficulties in communicating with my parents and we have totally different ideas on many things.and go over to someone who looks friendly and introduce yourself. You can ask that person about your teacher, all the other kids in your class to break the ice. Good luck.F. I think you should be patient to listen to what your parents say, because they have more experience than you and their suggestions are good for you.G. You can make a speech in front of a mirror every day and it will make you become more confident to give a speech one day.【答案】61. B62. C63. A64. E65. F【解析】【导语】本文给出了五位青少年的不同困惑，同时也给出了专家的七种建议。61.根据"How can I stop worrying about what they think?"可知"我"总是在意别人怎么想的，选项 B“做你自己就好，不要去在意别人怎么想。你想得越多，感觉就越糟。表现得坚定自信。 即使你对某事有点不确定，也不要怀疑自己做好事情的能力。放轻松。”与之对应。应选B。 62.根据"My dad thinks I started too late and 据 never be able to make it.“可知爸爸认为“我"起步太 晚，不可能成功。选项C“你应该告诉他你的梦想，如果你真的努力工作，即使你开始晚了， 也有可能实现。你越早告诉你爸爸你的感受，你就能越早努力让你的梦想成真。“与之对应。 应选Co63.根据"I'm afraid to tell my mom because she might get mad at me, and don't allow me to play soccer."可知“我”害怕妈妈知道自己考试没考好，并且会不允许“我”踢足球。选项A “告诉你 妈妈真相总比让她另寻出路好。当你告诉她的时候，解释一下你为什么考试不及格。问她是 否她能在未来帮助你学习，这样你就能在考试中做得更好，也有时间踢你喜欢的足球。''与 之对应。应选A。64. 根据"So how do I make new friends?”可知“我”刚搬来一个新地方，不知该如何交朋友。选项 E“在新学校没人认识你，你也没什么可失去的。所以，鼓起你所有的勇气，走到一个看起 来很友好的人面前，介绍你自己。你可以问那个人关于你的老师，你班上所有其他孩子的情 况来打破僵局。祝你好运。”与之对应。应选E。65. 根据"I have some difficulties in communicating with my parents and we have totally different ideas on many things."可知“我”在与父母沟通上遇到了困难，我们想法不同。选项F“我认为 你应该耐心地听父母说什么，因为他们比你有更多的经验，他们的建议对你有好处Q ”与之 对应。应选F。五、短文填空（本大题有10小题，每题L5分，共15分）请阅读下面这篇文章，在所给的每个空格中填入一个形式正确、意义相符的单词，并将 答案写在答卡上对应题目的答题位置。These days a song called Lonely Warrior has been very popular among primary school students. The song has had nearly twenty-six thousand comments 66 the Internet. The singer Eason said it was out of his expectation that so many people were attracted by the song including 67 great number of pupils.There are some reasons for the success of the song. The first reason is that the lyrics of the song can 68 people who are down. If you listen to the song, you may be 69 of energy to face all kinds of 70.71 reason is the beat of the song is sostrong that you may feel excited and sing with the beat.What's more, the background of the song is a moving story. The song was 72 by a brave girl called Tang Tian. She is quite young 73 has fought the illness for more than ten years 74, She is talented enough to create many popular songs especially LonelyWarrior. She hoped that her idol Eason 75 could sing the song. Luckily, Eason managed her wish. We all believe it's so important to realize our dreams and try to make them true.66.67.68.69.70.71.72.73.74.75. 【答案】66. on 67. a 68. encourage 69. full70. difficultiesAnother71. written / createdbut72. bravely 75. himself【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了孤勇者这首歌受欢迎的程度和原因，还讲述了这首歌背后的故事。 66.句意：这首歌在互联网上已有近2.6万条评论。 考查介词或固定搭配。on"在之上”,介词,on the internet”在网络上”,固定搭配。故填on。67. 句意：歌手陈奕迅说，这么多人被这首歌吸引，包括大量的学生，这是出乎他意料的。考查冠词或固定搭配。a great number 0亡大量；许多的”。故填a。68. 句意：第一个原因是这首歌的歌词可以鼓励情绪低落的人。考查动词 o 根据“The first reason is that the lyrics of the song can.people who are down. If you listen to the song, you may be full of energy to face all kinds of ”可知，第一个原因是这首歌的 歌词可以鼓励那些沮丧的人。如果你听这首歌，你可能会充满能量去面对各种各样的困难。 encourage“鼓励”，动词，can为情态动词，其后跟动词原形。故填encourage。69. 句意：如果你听这首歌，你可能会充满精力去面对各种困难。考查形容词或固定搭配。fur充满的。be full of sth,表示“充满某物、形容词短语。故填fullo 70.句意：如果你听这首歌，你可能会充满精力去面对各种困难。考查名词。根据“you may be full of energy to face all kinds of."可知此处填 difficulty“困难"， 可数名词，all kinds of后应为可数名词复数difficultieso故填difficultieso句意：另一个原因是这首歌的节拍太强了，你可能会感到兴奋，跟着节拍唱歌。考查代词。根据"There are some reasons for the success of the song.”可知，这首歌成功的原因 有多个。此空指其中的“另一个”，且在句首。故填Another。71. 句意：这首歌是由一个叫唐恬的勇敢的女孩写的。考查动词 o 根据“She is talented enough to create many popular songs especially Lonely Warrior. 可知，她有足够的天赋，创造了许多流行歌曲，特别是孤勇者。因此，此空处应填write 或create,且根据“wasby”可判断此处应填被动语态。故填written / created0句意：她很年轻，但已经勇敢地与疾病斗争了十多年。考查连词 o 根据“She is quite young"和"has fought the illness fbr more than ten years”可知,此 处有转折关系。故填but。72. 句意：她很年轻，但已经勇敢地与疾病斗争了十多年。考查副词。根据 She is quite young but has fought the illness for more than ten years.v 可知, 和疾病作斗争十多年，可见她很勇敢。fought斗争，动词，应用副词修饰。故填bravely。 75.句意：她希望她的偶像Eason亲自能唱这首歌。考查代词。根据"Luckily, Eason managed her wish.”可知，很幸运，陈奕迅实现了她的愿望。himself'他自己"，反身代词。故填himself。六、读写综合（本大题分为A、B两局部，共25分）A.回答下列问题（此题有5小题，每题2分，共10分）请阅读下面这篇文章，根据所提供的信息，回答5个问题。要求所写答案语法正确、语 义完整，并把答案写在答题卡指定的位置。Rice is one of the most commonly eaten basic foods around the world.Buying it and cooking it is a daily matter. Yet for many, its presence has been a matter of life and death. It is a main food because it is easy to grow, besides low cost and convenience. A poor community in the developing world may find it difficult to bring in foreign fruits or raise cattle for meat, but it can almost certainly use the land it has in order to grow plenty of rice.This was the great achievement of Yuan Longping, who passed away on May 22 this year. A great Chinese scientist, Yuan successfully developed what is known as “hybrid rice which can produce up a 30% higher output. Yuan Longping was bom in the year 1930, a time when China was very different. It was a nation, without modem industry, depending on the rice which they grew. The first few decades （十年）of his life were met with major social events, and a rapidly growing population that made food supply not last all the time. This experience left its mark onYuan Longping, which made him focus on （关注）farming science and work on his research of hybrid rice.His achievement would see the rice supply in China increasing from 56.9 million tons in 1950 to 194.7 million tons by 2017. By 1991, 20% of the world's rice output came from hybrid rice, even if only being planted in 10% of fields.Always remember, human development begins first with the most basic and sample things, such as developing rice. We should be thankful for scientific thinkers like Yuan.76. Why is rice a main food around the world?77. What did Yuan develop successfully?78. When was Yuan Longping born?79. What made Yuan focus on farming science?80. How many tons was the rice supply in China by 2017?【答案】It is a main food because it is easy to grow, besides low cost and convenience.76. Hybrid rice./He developed hybrid rice successfully.77. He was born in the year 193O./In the year 193O./In 1930.78. The rapidly growing population that made food supply not last all the time.79. 194.7 million tons.【解析】文章介绍了中国杂交水稻之父袁隆平的事迹以及杂交水稻的情况。76.根据"It is a main food because it is easy to grow, besides low cost and convenience.”可矢口, 因为 它容易生长，本钱低并且方便。故填 It is a main food because it is easy to grow, besides low cost and convenience.77.根据"Yuan successfully developed what is known as "hybrid rice“ which can produce up a 30% higher output.”可知,袁隆平成功地培育 了 杂交水稻，故填 Hybrid rice./He developed hybrid rice successfully.encouraged to read." Kalaban explained. "Inside the case, there is a special list 38 who gave the book and when they gave it.”Teachers, students and even people living in the neighbourhood brought their books. Besides, booksellers gave away a number of books too. 39 the help of so many people, every year, more such “saffe“ places are found. Not long ago, a nightclub set up a shelf of books and magazines. During the dance break, people