七选五热点话题——北京冬奥会及冬奥会项目科普--2022高考英语三轮专题复习.docx

七选五热点话题北京答奥会及冬奥会项目科普（2022河南焦作高三期末）A WeChat mini-program for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games was officially launched on July 2.1And it will also change their low-carbon behaviors such aswalking, bike riding, as well as bus and subway taking, into “carbon points“ in their accounts, which can be exchanged for some awards.2For example, a user can get 0.02 carbon points per step, up to 200 points per day, 174 points for participating in the “clear your plate“ campaign each time, and 209 points for taking a bus. Quantifying （量化）low-carbon activities with carbon points enables the public to gradually develop a green and low-carbon lifestyle.3To actively respond to the global climate change, reducing carbon emission and achieving carbon neutrality （碳中和）has become a must in major international sports events.4The Beijing 2022Winter Olympic Games made an even bolder move by launching a nationwide low-carbon campaign and developing a mini-program for the public to help reduce carbon emission.The Beijing 2022 has always remained committed to being green, low-carbon and sustainable, from its bidding to preparation.5All venues are constructed under the national green buildingstandards.A . It will be popular among many international experts.B . It will open an individual carbon account for each user.C . More importantly, it contributes to a greener sport event.D . Different amounts of carbon points are based on how low-carbon the activities are.E . It has continuously made breakthroughs in low-carbon energy, venues, and transportation.F . Carbon neutrality refers to taking steps to balance carbon emissions from human activities.G . In the past, major sports events usually achieved this through forestry management, and renewable projects.（2022新疆阿勒泰高一期末）The International Olympic Committee has picked Beijing, China, as the host city for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games. In 2008,the 28th Summer Olympics were held in Beijing._6_9 . D 由前文“It was originally a sport played only in cold northern countries"（它最初是一项只在寒 冷的北方国家进行的运动）可知，此处强调滑雪在这之前只在一些寒冷的北方国家进行.D项"But now athletes from all over the world can compete in this sport.M（但是现在来自世界各地的运动员都可以参加这项运动。） 在此和前句前后表示转折.滑雪现在不只是北方国家的运动项目现在世界各国的运动员都可以参加。D项切题. 故选D项。10 . C 由前文"People usually think that they are not athletes but dancers"（人们通常认为他们不是运 动员，而是舞者 同知，人们认为花样滑冰运动员是舞者而不是运动员.C项"because these young people play so gracefully and skillfully."（因为这些年轻人跳得那么优美，那么熟练。）和前句构成因果关系。C项切题。 故选C项.【分析】本文是一篇说明文。众所周知，花样滑冰始于19世纪中期，当时一位名叫杰克逊海恩斯的美国人第一次将 舞蹈和滑冰结合在一起。文章介绍花样滑冰的历史及有关信息。11 . A 根据上文提示"Americans did not accept Jackson's technique at that time.（美国人当时不接受 杰克逊的技术）"再根据下文提示"There he achieved an immediate success/1 （在那里他立刻取得了成功。） 承接上下文，A项Therefore he moved to Vienna, Austria.（因此，他搬到了奥地利的维也纳.）切题。该项 通过Therefore与上文构成因果关系，且下文的There与该项中的Vienna, Austria呼应。故选A。12 .F 根据下文提示"Figure skating first appeared at the London 1908 Summer Games, while the first Winter Games was held in 1924.（花样滑冰首次出现在1908年的伦敦夏季奥运会上，而第一届冬季奥运会 在 1924 年举行）“顺承下文,F 项 Figure skating became an Olympic sport before there were Winter Games.（花样滑冰在冬奥会之前就成为了奥运会项目。）切题。这里在说花样滑冰进入奥运会的情况.故选F。13 .G根据上文提示"在单人滑冰中，每个选手都要表演一段规定步骤的短距离动作。"承接上文，G项They are jumps, spins, and combinations, as well as a longer free-stating routine.（它们是跳跃，旋转和组合， 以及一个更长的自由陈述的例行程序。）切题。该项中的They与上文中的required steps相呼应。故选G.14 . C 根据下文提示"But unlike pair skating, ice dance does not include overhead lifts and jumps. （但与双人滑冰不同，冰上舞蹈不包括高空升降和跳跃.）"可知此空处应该在说Ice dance，顺承下文，C项Ice dance is performed by one male and one female, too.（冰上舞蹈也由一男一女表演。）切题。且该项 中的 performed by one male and one female, too 呼应了上文中的 one male and one female performing together,故选 Co15 . E 根据上文提示“Skaters are given a grade for each stepjump, spin, or any other element that is part of their routine. They also receive an overall score for each performance.（滑冰选手的每一步、B匕跃、 旋转或任何其他动作都有一个分数。他们每一次的表现也会得到一个综合分数）”，承接上文，E项The person or team with the highest total score is the winner.（总得分最高的为获胜者。）切题。此处关键词是score , 上文提到每个动作都给一个分数，再加上综合分，所以得分最高者就是获胜者。故选E。【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北欧滑雪和高山滑雪两种滑雪运动。16 . C 上文"Have you ever tried skiing?（你试过滑雪吗？）"和下文"Skis are long, mostly flat pieces of metal, wood, or plastic. Skiers attach them to their shoes and use them to get over snow, often down a mountain slope.（滑雪板很长,大多是金属、木材或塑料制成的扁平片。滑雪者把它们系在鞋子上，用来越过 雪地，通常是从山坡上下来）"说明滑雪需要滑雪板，在雪地上进行，因此滑雪是一项冬季运动，此处承接上下文， C选项"滑雪是一项涉及使用滑雪板的冬季运动"符合题意。故选C项。17 . E 上文"Nordic skiing started in Norway and other countries of north Europe.（北欧滑雪起源于挪 威和其他北欧国家）"和下文"Cross-country skiing takes place on open, hilly land. A cross-country skier must be able to ski uphill, downhill, and cross flat areas. As for a ski-jumping competition, the skier gets down a steep ramp （斜坡）that curves upward at the end.（越野滑雪在开阔的丘陵地带进行。越野滑雪 者必须能在上坡、下坡和平地上滑雪。在跳台滑雪比赛中，滑雪者要下一个陡峭的斜坡，最后向上弯曲）”说明本 段在介绍北欧滑雪的两个项目一越野滑雪和跳台滑雪，此处承接上下文，E选项"北欧滑雪项目包括越野滑雪 和跳台滑雪"符合题意。故选E项。18 . D 上文"As for a ski-jumping competition, the skier gets down a steep ramp （斜坡）that curves upward at the end. The skier leaps off the end and tries to "fly" as far as possible and then lands on his or her feet.（在跳台滑雪比赛中，滑雪者要下一个陡峭的斜坡，最后向上弯曲。滑雪者从末端跳下，试图"飞"到 尽可能远的地方，然后用脚落地）"说明在跳台滑雪比赛中，参赛者要从斜坡的末端跳下，尽可能跳的远.因此， 在比赛中，跳得远、跳得好看的就是嬴家，此处承接上文，D选项"跳得最远、风格最好的滑雪者是赢家"符合题 意.故选D项。19 . B 上文介绍了“北欧滑雪"和下文"Alpine events include downhill and slalom racing.（阿尔卑斯山 4 个项目包括下坡和回转赛）"说明本段应该讲阿尔卑斯山的"高山滑雪"，此处承接上下文，B选项"高山滑雪始于中 欧的阿尔卑斯山”符合题意。该选项中的Alpine对应下文中的Alpine ,属于原词复现。故选B项。20 . A 上文“Downhill racing is the fastest and most dangerous of all skiing events. The skiers go down a long, steep course that may have large bumps （隆起物）.（下坡赛是所有滑雪项目中最快、最危险的。 滑雪者走的是一条长而陡的路线，可能有很大的颠簸）"和"Slalom racing is similar to downhill racing. However, a slalom course is shorter and more winding （蜿蜒的）than a downhill course.（回转赛与下坡赛 相似。然而，回转赛道比下坡赛道更短，更曲折。）可知，下坡赛已经很危险了，一路陡峭，与下坡赛相似的回 转赛道比下坡赛道更短，更曲折）"说明危险性更强，更曲折就意味着要进行急转弯，此处承接上文，A选项"它 要求滑雪者进行高速转弯”符合题意。故选A项。【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是越来越多的公司研发可以耐低温的运动衣物。21 .E空格后说"在上个月的一次测试中，工作人员和官员们穿着装有小加热元件的衣服来抵御严寒"，这说 明有的公司生产可以抵御寒冷的运动服，E选项"Hoping to support the forthcoming Games, sportswear companies are introducing innovative new and high-tech products aimed at keeping people warm in such cold weather.（为了支持即将到来的奥运会，运动服装公司正在推出创新的高科技产品，旨在让人们在如 此寒冷的天气里保持温暖.）"说明了因为有公司生产可以保暖的衣服，所以空后提到的工作人员才有可以加热 的衣服穿，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E.22 . D 空格前说"which focuses on researching graphene （石墨烯）as an innovative fashion material. （该公司专注于研究将石墨烯作为一种创新时尚材料）"Q选项"Graphene is a honeycomb lattice of a single layer of carbon atoms that has a great variety of uses and applications.（石墨烯是由单层碳原子组成的蜂 窝状晶格，具有多种用途和应用.）"说明了石墨烯是什么材料，因此D选项承接上文，符合语境，故选D。23 . A 空格后说"The company has made breakthroughs in core technologies used in low-temperature-resistant clothes.（该公司在用于耐低温服装的核心技术上取得突破）"，根据指代关系，空 格处应提到某家公司的名字，A 选项"Toread, an outdoor clothing brand headquartered in Beijing, has also invested in developing innovative winter clothes.（总部位于北京的户外服装品牌Toread也投资开发创新冬季服装。）”中提到了 Toread这家公司研发冬季服装，和后面的"在用于耐低温服装的核心技术上取得突破"相呼应，因此A选项引起下文，符合语境，故选A.24 . F空格后说"研发支出的增加表明了他们对市场前景和行业升级趋势的信心"，说明空格处会提到用于研发的支出增加，F 选项"Compared with the year before, there was still an increase of 6.55 percent despite the global economic slowdown during the epidemic.（与前一年相比，尽管疫情期间全球经济放缓，但仍 增长了 6.55%。）”提到了这个增长是6.55% ,和下文形成了呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F.25 .C空格后说"预计这个数量2025年将达到1万亿元的基准"，因此空格处应提到数值,C选项"Data shows that the industrial scale of China's ice and snow businesses expanded from 270 billion yuan in 2015 to 600 billion yuan in 2020（数据显示，中国冰雪产业规模从2015年的2700亿元犷大到2020年的6000亿元.f 中的"2700亿元"和"6000亿元"都是数值，和空格后的“1万亿元"相呼应，因此C选项承上启下，符合语境，故【分析】本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了一项奥林匹克运动项目冰壶。26 . G 根据后文的"Scottish winters were long and there were forms of entertainment. So people began making a sport out of sliding heavy stones on the frozen lakes. The game spread （苏格兰的冬天 很长，有各种娱乐形式.因此，人们开始用重石头在结冰的湖面上滑动制作一项运动，这项运动逐渐传播开来）" 可推知，此处是概述冰壶的历史渊源，所以G项"冰壶运动可能起源于16世纪或更早的苏格兰"切题。故选G 项。27 . C根据本段的整体内容可知，本段主要讲的是冰壶的具体游戏规则，所以C项"冰壶比赛由四人组成的队伍进行"切题。故选C项。28 . E 上段讲的是冰壶的游戏规则，根据空后"The ice is so smooth and the stone is so heavy that even the smallest misjudgment in a throw can make the stone slide much too far or stop too suddenly.（冰 面很平滑，并且石头很重，所以投球时，最微小的偏差也可以使石头滑出很远或者骤然停止）"可知，本段讲的是 冰壶具体操作起来并非易事，所以E项"The rules are easy to learn, but playing the game is hard.（规则很 容易学，但从事这项运动却很难。）"承上启下。故选E项。29 . F根据空格前句可推知，冰壶在实际操作中并非易事，与选项F"对于冰壶球员来说，冰融化会使情况更 艰难"呼应，都是讲冰壶操作不易；且F项中的The melting of the ice与空后的Water呼应，所以F项切题. 故选F项。30 . D 根据空前一句"A good curler must know how much force to use. The player must know the exact conditions of the ice on the court.（一个好的冰壶球员必须知道用多少力量。运动员必须知道球场上冰 面的准确条件）”可知，D项"In other words, a good curler must be a fine athlete.（换句话说,一个好的冰壶 球员必须是一个优秀的运动员）"与上文意义一致，且D项中"a good curler"与上文中"A good curler"呼应。故 选D项。【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了花样滑冰的历史以及滑冰的发展变化如今滑冰已经成为世界非常流行 的运动。【详解】1. B 根据上文"Some designs that were created included rosettes （花结）,stars and crosses”（一些设计包括玫瑰花，星星和十字架）可知，一些设计包括玫瑰花，星星和十字架，此处描写了一些设计的形状，空处应 该是进一步描述这些设计,B项"Each special figure was really a work of art."（每一个特殊的设计都是艺术品。）符合，承接上文，故选B.2. E 根据下文"For that reason, the general public was not all that excited about watching figure skating at the first Olympics."（基于这个原因，在第一届奥运会上，普通大众对花样滑冰并不感兴趣。）可知， 观众对花样滑冰不感兴趣，E 选项"However, they were not fun for the audience to watch or understand." （然而观众对观看或理解花样滑冰没什么兴趣）符合，与上文构成转折，同时引起下文，故选E。3. G 根据下文"Her beauty and athletic ballet style increased figure skating's popularity worldwide/' （她的美丽和运动芭蕾风格，提升了花样滑冰的全球知名度。）可知，Sonja Henie做了一些事提升了花样滑冰的 全球知名度，所以空处应该是具体描述Sonja Henie做了什么事，G选项"She introduced the idea of white figure skates and short skating skirts."（她引入了白色花样滑冰鞋和短滑冰裙的概念。）符合,引起下文,故选 G。4. F根据上文"In the Netherlands, all classes of people skated."（在荷兰,所有阶层的人都滑冰。）可知， 在荷兰，所有阶层的人都滑冰，此处说明了滑冰在荷是一种常态，空处应该具体说明这种常态，F选项"Ice skating was a way for people to travel over frozen waters in the winter months."（在冬季,滑冰是人们在冰冻的水 面上旅行的一种方式.）符合，承接上文，故选Fo5. A 根据上文“Today, ice skating can actually be done year-round since there are indoor ice arenas all over the world."（今天，滑冰可以全年进行，因为全世界都有室内滑冰场。）可知，此处提到了滑冰在世界的 流行程度,如今，人们更加广泛地参加，结合下文"even though the majority of ice skaters are children and teens."（尽管大多数滑冰者都是儿童和青少年.）可知，空处应该是具体解释人们广泛参加滑冰,A选项"People of all ages participate in ice skating."（各个年龄段的人都参加滑冰。）符合,承上启下,故选Ao【分析】这是一篇说明文。众所周知，花样滑冰始于19世纪中期，当时一位名叫Jackson Haines的美国人第一次 将舞蹈和滑冰结合在一起.文章介绍花样滑冰的历史及有关信息.36 . A 根据上文"Figure skating, as we know, got its start in the mid-19th century, when an American named Jackson Haines combined dancing and skating for the first time. Americans did not accept Haines' technique at that time.（众所周知,花样滑冰起源于19世纪中叶,当时一位名叫Jackson Haines的 美国人首次将舞蹈和滑冰结合在一起。当时美国人并不接受Haines的技术）”可知，上文提到美国人不接受 Haines的技术，推测本句与上文构成因果关系，指出Haines对此的反应：搬到了奥地利的维也纳.故A选项"因 此他搬到了奥地利的维也纳。"符合语境，故选A。37 . F 根据上文"Figure skating become an Olympic sport before there were Winter Games在冬奥 会之前，花样滑冰就成为了一项奥运会项目）"以及后文"Ice dancing joined the Olympics in 1976, when the Games were held in Innsbruck, Austria.（1976年在奥地利因斯布鲁克举行的奥运会上，冰上舞蹈成为奥运会 的一项比赛项目）"可知，本段主要是在介绍花样滑冰在奥运会的发展情况，故F选项"双人和单人项目首次出现 在1908年的伦敦夏季奥运会上。"符合语境，故选F。38 . G 根据上文"In singles skating, each skater performs a short routine of required steps.（在单人滑 比赛中，每位选手都要完成一个简短的规定步骤）"可知，上文提到了单人滑比赛有简短的规定步骤，可知本句承 接上文继续说明这些步骤是什么.G选项中They对应上文中steps.故G选项"它们是跳跃、旋转和组合，以 及较长的自由滑冰例行程序。"符合语境，故选Go39 . C 根据后文"But unlike pairs skating, ice dance does not include overhead lifts and jumps. An ice dance competition is made up of three parts: one set to music that has a required rhythm, and two parts set to whatever music the ice dancers choose.（但与双人滑冰不同的是，冰上舞蹈不包括高空升降和跳 跃.冰上舞蹈比赛由三部分组成：一组是有节奏的音乐，另两部分是冰上舞蹈者选择的音乐）"可知，本段主要介 绍的是冰上舞蹈，C选项中Ice dance对应后文中ice dance。故C选项"冰上舞蹈也由一男一女表演。"符合语 境，故选G40 . E 根据上文“A panel of nine judges scores the quality of each figure skating performance, but only seven out of nine scores are used. To determine which judges' scores will be used, there is a random draw before each event. Skaters are given a grade for each step, jump, spin, or any other element that is part of their routine. They also receive an “overall“ score for each performance.（由九名评委组成的评审团会对每一项花样滑冰表演的质量打分，但只有九分中的七分被使用.为了确定将使用哪个裁 判的分数，在每个比赛前会有一个随机抽签。滑冰选手的每一步、跳跃、旋转或任何其他动作都有一个分数。他 们每一次的表现也会得到一个综合分数）"可知，上文提到了给花样滑冰表演进行打分，本句为本段最后一句，故 打分的结果就是选出获胜者.故E选项"总分最高的人或队伍为获胜者。"符合语境，故选E.The Winter Olympic Games are not just an opportunity for athletes to win medals and honour for their countries._7_ Usually, the Winter Olympic Games may not have as large crowds as the Summer Olympic Games, but they share the same Olympic spirit._8_ Skiers compete in the short and long cross-country ski race. It was originally a sport played only in cold northern countries. 9 even those from countries without any snow.Generally, the figure-skaters（花样滑冰运动员）are considered to be the ice princes and the ice princesses of the Winter Olympic Games. People usually think that they are not athletes but dancers, 10A . There are two teams of players.B . They are held every four years.C . because these young people play so gracefully and skillfully.D . But now athletes from all over the world can compete in this sport,E . The Games also offer audiences a chance to get to know more about it.F . One of the most popular sports of the Winter Olympic Games is skiing.G . So Beijing is now the first city to host both the Summer and the Winter Olympics.（2021 辽宁渤海大学附属高级中学高三阶段练习）Figure skating（花样滑冰）,as we know it, got its start in the mid-19th century when an American named Jackson Haines combined dancing and skating for the first time. Americans did not accept Jackson's technique at that time.11There he achievedan immediate success. And about 50 years later, Jackson's style finally caught on in the United States.12Figure skating first appeared at the London 1908 Summer Games, while the first Winter Games was held in 1924.In single skating, each skater performs a short routine of required steps.13The painskating follows the same format, but with one male and one female performingtogether.14Bu unlike pair skating, ice dance does not include overhead lifts and jumps. An icedance competition is made up of three parts: one part is set to music that has a required rhythm and tempo and the other two parts are set to whatever music the ice dancers choose.A panel of mine judges scores the quality of each figure skating performance, but only scores of seven judges are used. To determine which judge's scores will be used, there is a random draw before each event. Skaters are given a grade for each step, jump, spin, or any other element that is part of their routine. They also receive an overall score for each performance.15A . Therefore he moved to Vienna, Austria.B . Jackson tried to teach Americans his technique.C . Ice dance is performed by one male and one female, too.D . Figure skating is one of the most popular games in the world.E . The person or team with the highest total score is the winner.F . Figure skating became an Olympic sport before there w