Welcome Unit Section B Discovering Useful Structures（学案）-高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册.docx

Welcome UnitSection B Discovering Useful Structures 学案学习目标1、学会本节单词、短语。2、掌握本节句型表达与运用。词汇解析1 .forward词性意思2.analyse词性意思.3. structure词性_意思4.underline词性_意思.5.look forward to 盼望,期待6. come out出现；显露come up with想出；提出Come across 偶遇练习look forward to; take notes; at the same time; come true;a flash of; concentrate on; make a/an.impression; leave.alone1.lightning lit everything up in a second.2. while listening to the lectures will help you better understand them.3. The naughty child deep on the teacher.4. Her dream to enter the famous university.5. You can do anything you want, but not everything.1.1 wish everyone would stop troubling me and just me.7. He was determined to forget about the sad past and the present.8. Please tell your brother that I will meeting him.答案以及解析6 .爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。（主+谓+间宾+直宾）Dad bought me a new bike.7 .桌子上有一本书。（there be句型）There is a book on the desk.1.答案:l.A flash of 2.Taking notes 3.made a; impression 4.came true 5.at the same timeeave; alone 7.concentrate on 8.look forward to句型梳理the same.as.领先行词是the same或被the same修饰时，后面的定语从句常用as引导，这时as是关 系代词，在定语从句中做主语、宾语或表语。这样的定语从句常用省略形式。1. “感官动词+宾语+do”结构该结构用法如下：(1)在“感官动词+宾语+do”结构中，常见的感官动词(词组)有see, hear, watch, feel, notice, observe, listen to, look at 等；(2)该结构中的do为不带to的不定式，表示主动的动作，且指动作发生的全过程；(3)在被动语态中，不带t。的宾语补足语变为主语补足语时，要还原不定式符号t。Eg: Someone saw her come into the classroom.=She was seen to come into the classroom.W人 看到她走进了教室。语法突破一、句子的基本成分根据英语词汇在英语句子中的位置和作用，英语句子的成分可分为主语、谓语、宾语、宾 语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语等。1 .主语(Subject)：表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词、动名词、动 词不定式或从句充当，置于句首。I go to school by bus.我乘公共汽车上学。The students are playing volleyball now.现在学生们正在打排球。To read in the sun is bad for your eyes.在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害。That you forgot to tell me the time for meeting caused me lots of trouble. 你忘了告诉我开会的时间，给我惹了不少麻烦。2 .谓语(Verb)：说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语 之后。She likes drawing.她喜欢绘画。I go to school at 8 a. m.on Mondays.星期一上午八点我去上学。3 .表语(Predicative)：表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词、副 词、介词短语、动名词、动词不定式或从句等充当。常见的系动词有：be, become, appear, seem, look, sound, feel, get, smell 等。I am a teacher.我是一名教师。You look younger than before.你看起来比以前更年轻了。My job is to teach them English.我的工作是教他们英语。4 .宾语(Object)：指动作所涉及的人或事物，一般由名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或 从句充当，位于动词之后。They help the poor during the winter.他们在冬天帮助穷人。She likes to sleep in the open air.她喜欢在户外睡觉。She enjoys living in China.她喜欢在中国生活。5 .宾语补足语(Object complement)：用来对宾语进行补充和说明，一般由名词、不定式、 分词、形容词等充当。The teacher allowed him to go home.老师允许他回家。I saw you stand(ing) at the door.我看见你站在门口。I found it difficult to work out the math problem.我发现计算出这道数学题很难。We call him Lao Li.我们称他老李。名师点津两种结构中的宾语补足语形式“动词+形式宾语it+M./儿”常见的这类动词有：think, consider, feel, find, make。 (2)“感官动词+宾语+宾语补足语(省略to的不定式，现在分词和过去分词广，当此结构用 于被动语态时，已省略的不定式符号t。要还原。6 .定语(Attributive)：对名词或代词进行修饰、限制或说明，一般由形容词、名词、代 词、数词、介词短语、非谓语动词及从句等充当，位置可在所修饰的词之前，也可在所修 饰的词之后。The black schoolbag is mine.黑色书包是我的。They made paper flowers.他们做了纸花。The boys in the room are in Class Three, Grade One.房间里的男孩们是一年级三班的。I have something to tell you.我有事情要告诉你。7 .状语(Adverbial)：用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、整个句子等，一般由副词、介词短 语、非谓语动词短语或从句等充当。He works very hard.他工作很努力。She is lying in the bed thinking.她躺在床上思考。即学即练按照要求，写出以下句子中的成分I enjoy helping others.(主语：I )(2)My dream is possible!(表语：possible )（3）A11 things are possible for me.（状语：for me ）©Do you have anything to say?（定语：to say ）We classmates work very hard.（同位语：classmates ）We should protect the environment宾语： the environment ）No one can make me change my mind.（宾语补足语：change my mind ）（§）1 always treat others with kindness.（谓语：treat ）二、八种基本句型SV（主语+谓语）谓语动词为不及物动词，不跟宾语，但可以跟时间、地点、方式等状语，常见的动词（词 组）有 sleep, walk, swim, happen（take place）, go, come, work, laugh, stay, arrive, rise, rain, run, fly 等。They laughed.他们大笑。1. SVO（主语+谓语+宾语）谓语动词均为及物动词，常见的动词有like, love, want, stop, hope, help, refuse, finish, eat, have, appreciate, water, make 等。（2019浙江高考）Some very good schools don't have a uniform policy.有些好的学校没有校服政策。I enjoy working with you.我喜欢和你一起工作。I hope to see you again.我希望再次见到你。2. SP（主语+系动词+表语）谓语动词均为系动词，常见的系动词有：be, keep, look, feel, smell, sound, taste, grow, get, go, turn, become, seem, appear 等。（2019浙江高考）School uniforms are traditional in Britain.在英国校服是传统的。Tom looks thin.汤姆看起来瘦。The food smells delicious.这食物闻起来很香。3. SVIODO（主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语）通常情况下，间接宾语（通常指人）位于直接宾语（通常指物）的前面，但有时根据需要，间接 宾语位于直接宾语之后，这时要在间接宾语前加to或for。常用于该句型的动词有give,show, send, bring, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, telh return, write, throw, make, buy, do, get, order, sing, pay 等。别着急，我后面 有to/for帮助。别着急，我后面 有to/for帮助。你不能在前面间接 宾诋I gave her a present.=1 gave a present to her.我给了她一件礼物。I bought him a pen.=1 bought a pen for him.我给他买了一支钢笔。4. SVOOC（主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语）宾语补足语局部可以为形容词、名词、不定式、分词等形式。常用于该句型的动词（短语） 有 call, name, make, think, find, leave, see, watch, look at, listen to, hear, feel, let, have, get, keep, allow, need, want, ask等。其中宾语与宾语补足语统称为复合宾 语。We call him Jack.我们叫他杰克。I found the movie interesting.我觉得这部电影很有意思。They asked me to help them.他们让我帮助他们。名师点津 需要添加的不定式符号 当“感官动词或使役动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中的宾语补足语是省略to的动词不定式 且用于被动语态时，省略的to要再添加上。例如：My mother made me wash dishes.-I was made to wash dishes by my mother.5. SVA（主语+谓语+状语）（2019全国卷 I ）A11 the football players on the playground cheered loudly.在操场上的所有足球选手都大声欢呼起来。The children stayed in the room.孩子们待在房间里。He runs slowly in the park every day.每天他在公园里慢跑。6. SVOA（主语+谓语+宾语+状语）You can put the plate here.你能把盘子放在这儿。He speaks English very well.他英语说得非常好。7. There be（there+系动词.）There be后面的名词是句子的主语,属倒装结构，且动词除be外，还有：lie, stand, used to be, seem to be, appear to be 等。There is a book and two cups on the table.桌子上有一本书和两个杯子。There are some apples in the bowl.碗里有一些苹果。名师点津There be句型的就近原那么There be句型中的be动词的形式应和其后紧挨着的主语一致，即“就近原那么”。句型中动词be可以为一般现在时，一般过去时，将来时和完成时。即学即练用给出的句型翻译以下句子会议九点开始。（S+V）The meeting begins at nine.他们喜欢听古典音乐。(S + V + O)They enjoy listening to the classic music.天气渐渐冷了。(S+P)It is getting colder and colder.我下次把那本书给你带来。(S + V+IO+DO)I will bring you the book next time.他听见一个女人在那边哭。(S + V+O+C)He heaid a woman ciying/cry over thei已今年，我们这里已经有好几所私立学校了。(There be)There have been several private schools in our area this year专项练习I.标出以下各句中所包含的句子成分Last week I went to the supermarket.1. The play was very interesting.2. I can't hear a word.3. They were talking loudly.4. He has visited a great number of places in Australia.5. She makes her mother angry.答案：1 .Last weekI went to the supermarket.状语 君吾"imF 宾语The play was very interesting.主语 系砺词状语 表语I can't hear a word.主语 谓语 宾语They were talking loudly.主语 谓语 状语He has visited a great number of places in Australia.主语 谓语定语 宾语 状语She makes her mother angry.藉福了 宾语 宾语补足语n.判断下面语篇中画线句子的结构Dear Terry,How are you? In your last letter, you asked me how to be a guest to a Chinese friend's home 3.Now, I am writing to give you some advice".To begin with, you'd better arrive a little earlier because it's polite to do so.Second, you'd better bring the family some gifts”, such as a bunch of flowers or some fruit.Most importantly, theelderly are usually the first to taste the food because they are well respected in China .What's 6'/不 imore, when you are enjoying the meal”, you need to avoid making noises .Hopefully, these suggestions would be helpful for you®Tm sure that you will have a great time”and you'll find us Chinese very friendly.Best wishes!Yours,Li Hua答案：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语主语+谓语+状语主语+谓语+状语主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语主语+谓语+状语主语+谓语+宾语主语+谓语+宾语主语+系动词+表语主语+谓语+宾语主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语in.单句写作.我喜欢读书。（主+谓+宾）I like leading.1 .老师让我读这篇文章。（主+谓+宾语+宾补）The teacher asked me to 】ead the passage.2 .我住在北京。（主+谓+状）I live in Beijing.3 .你的建议听起来很棒。（主+系+表）Your suggestion sounds excellent.4 .昨晚我写了一封信。（主+谓+宾+状）I wrote a letter last night.