(文末附答案)高中英语虚拟语气基础知识题库.docx

（文末附答案）高中英语虚拟语气基础知识题库单项选择题（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）1、How time flies! I feel junior high school was only yesterday!A . even ifB . unlessC . ifD . as if2、He talks about Roman as if he there before.A . had beenB . wasC . wereD . has beenIt is recommended that the machine once a year.A . must be checkedB . was checkedC . is checkedD . be checkedHe has loved me I were his son.A becauseB . asC . ifD . as if5、you have any further questions, please contact us at the address above.A . WouldB . ShouldC . CouIdD . Will6、 I would rather she tomorrow than today.A . comesB . cameC . will comeD . should come7、The requirement of the government is that the citizens not set off fireworks from January 1, 2019 on.A . shallB . shouldC . canD . may8、We require the thief into prison.A . refers to being putB . referred to be putC . refer to being putD . referred should be putC . didn't know; would have been punishedD . hadn't known; could be punished 67、If the weather had been better, we a picnic yesterday.A . must have hadB . would haveC . could have hadD . will have68、Ms. Lin suggested that he the reading competition.A . took part inB . is taking part inC . takes part inD . take part in 69、 It is strongly recommended that the machines every year.A . be checkedB . are checkedC . should checkD . checked70、一It was the drug, not the disease, that k川ed the boy.He would be still alive today if he it.A . doesn't takeB . shouldn't have takenC . didn't takeD . hadn't taken10（文末附答案）高中英语虚拟语气_ooc参考答案1、答案：D解析：考查附属连词和虚拟语气。句意：时光飞逝！我觉得初中生活就像昨天一样。A. even if即使；B. unless除非； C. if如果；D. as if好像。根据"junior high school was only yesterday!"可知，此处表示与现在事实相反的假 设，根据句意可知此处表示“好像”，as if从句后常用虚拟语气，应选D。2、答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：他说起罗马，好像他以前去过似的。此处是as if引导的方式状语从句，根据before可 知，此处表示与过去的事实相反的假设，从句谓语用过去完成时。应选A。3、答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：建议每年对机器进行一次检查。根据句型和句意可知，这里考查it is recommended that+主语从句，在这个主语从句中要用虚拟语气，动词形式为（should）+动词原形，should可以省略。故 选D项04、答案：D解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：他爱我就像我是他的儿子一样。A. because因为，引导原因状语从句；B. as因为， 当时候，引导原因状语从句或时间状语从句；C. if如果，引导条件状语从句；D. as if好像，引导方式状语 从句。根据空前后句意可知，空处需用as if或as though可引导方式状语从句，表达一种明显不合现在事实的假 设,需用虚拟语气动词用过去式，如果是动词be,那么用were。应选D。115、答案：B解析：考查虚拟条件句的省略和倒装。句意：如有任何疑问，请按上述地址与我们联络。当虚拟条件句谓语局部含有 were/should/had时，可以将连词if省略，而将were/should/had置于句首。应选Bo小提示：虚拟条件从句的省略与倒装当虚拟条件句的谓语局部含有were, should, had时，我们可以将连词if省略掉，而将were, should, had置于句 首。如：If she were in charge, she would do things differently.=Were she in charge, she would do things differently.如果 是她负责，她会是另一种做法。If you should change your mind, no one would blame you.=Should you change your mind, no one would blame you,万一你改变主意，谁也不会怨你。If the management had acted sooner, the strike wouldn, t have happened.= Had the management acted sooner, the strike wouldn, t have happened.如果资方早些采取行动，就不会发生罢工了。几点说明：1).对于条件从句含有Should而主句使用陈述语气或祈使语气的句子也可以采用以上方法进行省略和倒装。如：If I should be free tomorrow, I will come. = Should I be free tomorrow, I will come.如果明天我有空我就来If they should attack us, we' II wipe them out completely.=Should they attack us, we' II wipe them out completely.假如他们进攻我们,我们就把他们彻底消灭干净。有时被提到句首的had不是助动词，而是表示“有”的实义动词。如：12Had I the time, I would go.如有时间我就去。2),如果条件从句为否认式，注意要将not置于主语之后，而不置于主语之前。如：假设非你的帮助，我仍会无家可归。误:Weren1 t it for your help, I would still be homeless.正：Were it not for your help, I would still be homeless.要不是我亲眼所见，我都不会相信了。误：Hadn' 11 seen it with my own eyes, I would not have believed it.IE : Had I not seen it with my own eyes, I would not have believed it.3) .在这类倒装结构中，置于句首的were习惯上不能用was代替。如：如果我是在你的立场，我不愿意做那件事。If I were in your place, I wouldn1 t do that.>Were I in your place, I wouldn' t do that.6、答案：B考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿她明天来也不愿今天来。分析句子可知，本句为虚拟语气，would rather后从句 用虚拟语气有两种情况，用一般过去时表现在或将来的愿望，用过去完成时表过去的愿望，本句表示与将来的 愿望相反的假设，用一般过去时，应选B。7、答案：B考查虚拟语气。句意：政府的要求是，从2019年1月1日起，市民不得燃放烟花爆竹。当requirement等名词后接表语从句时，从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”的形式来构成虚拟语气，应选B。138、答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气和非谓语动词。句意：我们要求所提到的那个小偷应该被关进监狱。分析句子成分，referred to 为后置定语，修饰the thief,因两者构成被动关系，故使用动词的过去分词，即referred to,故排除A、C选 项；require意为“需要，要求”后接从句要用虚拟语气,即其后的从句：谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可 以省略。且the thief与put into prison构成被动关系，应选用被动语态，即the thief (should) be put into prison,综上，应选Bo小提示：后接虚拟语气的常见词在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recommend等表示“命令，决定，建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词弓I导的that从句中，要 用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为should +动词原形，其中should可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如:He ordered that all the books be sent at once.She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.1) 类似用法的还有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词；decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等 名词。其后弓|导的that从句均用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为should +动词原形，其中should可以省略，主 句中的时态不限。例如：It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.Their decision was that the school remain closed.3)请注意，当这些词语不是用于表示“命令，决定，建议”的含义时，所引导从句不用虚拟语气。149、答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：看到同龄人为成功和独立而奋斗，张悦建议他们应该寻求专家顾问的指导。A.must必须; B.should应该;C.can能；D.shall将。分析句子可知，此句为同位语从句，that引导的从句是suggestion的具 体内容，从句使用should +动词原形，should可以被省略的虚拟语气。应选B。小提示：10、答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气和情态动词。句意：如果让我来决定我们是要一个没有报纸的政府，还是要一个没有政府的报纸， 我会毫不犹豫地选择后者。根据句意，考查虚拟语气，依据题意，表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用一 般过去时，主句用would/could/might/should +动词原形，故A项正确，B项表示与将来时事实相反的虚拟语 气，错误；C项表达错误；虚拟语气的倒装用于与将来事实相反和与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。故D项错误。 综上，应选A项。11、答案：C解析：考查主语从句和倒装。句意：要求他在任何情况下都不应该背叛他的祖国，即使有金钱或美丽等诱惑。此处为 固定句型It is required that sb./sth. should do”要求某人/某事做”，此处it作形式主语，that引导主语从 句，且从句要用虚拟语气，谓语局部为(should) do ；从句中，状语under no circumstances “决不”置于句首， 所在句子需要局部倒装，将情态动词should置于主语he之前。应选C项。12、答案：A15 考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是来自音乐老师的鼓励，我可能会放弃成为钢琴家的梦想。表达的是与过去事实相 反的假设，所以用的是might have +过去分词。应选A。13、答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气省略句的倒装句。句意：如果公司在一开始没有忽略这个错误，这个问题本来是可以从源头上预 防的。根据the problem could have been prevented at its source可知此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，即If the company had not ignored,此处省略了 if,因此要用倒装句，即要把助动词提前到主语前面，否认词not 不能提前。应选C项。小提示：此题考查了 If的虚拟语气中的对过去事实相反情况的省略形式。当从句中含有were/should/had的形式时，If 可以省略，但句子应为倒装形式，即were/should/had要提前置于句首。1) .对过去事实相反的情况：If we had found him earlier, we could have saved his life.要是我们当时早点找到他的话，我们就可以救活他。Had we found him earlier, we could have saved his life.2) .对现在或将来事实相反的情况：If she were here, she would attend the meeting too.如果她在这里，她也参加会议。Were she here, she would attend the meeting too.3) .对将来事实相反的的情况:16If it should rain tomorrow, we should have to stay at home.假设明天下雨，我们只好呆在家里。Should it rain tomorrow, we should have to stay at home.注意：假设遇到否认词not时，不能与were/should/had缩略为Weren, t/Shouldn1 t/Hadn' t而置于句首。如：If I hadn* t warned you, you could have been killed.正确：Had I not warned you, you could have been killed.错误:Hadn, 11 warned you, you could have been killed.14、答案：C解析：此题解析略。15、答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：尽一切努力减少我们城市的污染是每个人的愿望。A. was made被做出（一 般过去时被动语态）；B. be made被做出（虚拟语气）；C. will be made将被做（一般将来时被动语态）；D. would be made将被作（过去将来时被动语态）。分析句子该空是desire的同位语从句的谓语动词，主语是 effort,应使用被动语态；名词desire的同位语从句应使用虚拟语气，should加动词原形，should可省略。故 选B项。16、答案：D解析：考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气。句意：他建议我们把所看到的记录下来。分析句子可知，recommend （建议）后17用that弓|导宾语从句，从句用虚拟语气，构成should do结构，should可以省略。应选D项。17、答案：D解析：考查非谓语动词及虚拟语气。句意：面对严峻的形势，专家建议被提及的市场应立即关闭。根据空后介词with 可知，第一空是短语：be faced with “面对，面临”，位于句首，省略be动词，使用过去分词做状语；第二 空：suggest表“建议”的时候，宾语从句的谓语动词使用should do, should常省略，market与shut down 是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态。注意referred to是the market的后置定语，意为“被提及的市场”。应选 Do18、答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你听了我的劝告，你就不会犯这么大的错误了。根据句意“要是你听取我的意见” 可知，句子是对过去发生的假设。在虚拟语气中，对过去事实进行虚拟，主句用 would/could/might/should(not)+have done 的形式，从句用 had(not) done 的形式。应选 Do19、答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气中的时态。句意：你介意我把窗户翻开吗？不介意。事实上，我正打算建议你这么做。 第一空would you mind sb did是英语的固定句型,if后的句子要用一般过去时，表示与将来情况相反；第二空 suggest作为“建议”讲宾语从句用虚拟语气，should +动词原形，should可以省略。应选D。小提示：后接虚拟语气的常见词在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose,18 recommend等表示“命令，决定，建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词弓I导的that从句中，要 用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为should +动词原形，其中should可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如：He ordered that all the books be sent at once.She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.1) 类似用法的还有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词；decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等 名词。其后弓|导的that从句均用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为should +动词原形，其中should可以省略，主 句中的时态不限。例如：It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.Their decision was that the school remain closed.3)请注意，当这些词语不是用于表示“命令，决定，建议”的含义时，所引导从句不用虚拟语气。如第二空suggest作为“建议”讲宾语从句用虚拟语气，should +动词原形，should可以省略。应选D。20、答案：D解析：考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：自从去年底，房价一直在上涨。因此，中央政府到了采取有效措施控制房价的时 候了。和since the end of last year搭配用现在完成时或现在完成进行时；It is time+从句中,从句的谓语用 should do或过去式表示虚拟语气。应选Do21、答案：A解析：考查省略if的虚拟语气。句意：如果不是巴黎圣母院的大火，这个以收藏大量艺术珍品而闻名的教堂，我今年 暑假就会去那里参观。此处是if引导的虚拟语气，if从句与过去事实相反用过去完成时态，且if省略那么把助动199、Seeing her peers struggling for success and independence, Zhang yue offered her suggestion that they seek guidance from expert consultants.A . mustB . shouldC . canD . shall10、to me to decide whether we should have a government without newspapers or newspapers without a government, I not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.A . If it were left wouldB . Should it leave mustC . Would it be left shouIdD . Was it left would11、is required that under no circumstances he betray his motherland even if there aretemptations like money or beauty.A . What; canB . It; couldC . It; shouIdD . What; could12、I my dream to be a pianist, but for the encouragement from that music teacher.A . might have abandonedB . would abandonC . should have abandonedD . were to abandon13、the mistake in the beginning, the problem could have been prevented at its source.A . Had not the company ignoredB . If the companydidn't ignoreC . Had the company not ignoredD . Would the companynot ignore14x I insisted to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing wrong with himA . on him to go ； should beB . he went ； beC . he go ； wasD . he should to ； isIt is everybody1 s desire that every effort to reduce the pollution in our city.A . was madeB . be madeC . will be madeD . would be made词had提到主语的前面去。应选Ao 小提示：If引导的虚拟语气：1） .表示与现在事实相反的情况从句：lf+主语+动词一般过去时（Be 动词用 were）主句：主语 + should/would/might/could+do : If I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）2） .表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：|f+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done ： If I had got there earlier, I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）3） .表示与将来事实相反从句：if+主语+were to dof+主语+should+dof+主语+动词一般过去式（be动词用were）主句:主语 +should/would/might/could+do:lf he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.如果他明天来这JI的话, 我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小，不可能）22、答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意：对不起，爸爸。我的学习成绩不好。哦，要是你没有浪费那么多时间玩 网络游戏就好了。A. As if好像，引导方式状语从句；B. Even if即使，引导让步状语从句；C. If only要是多好, 但愿；D. Only if只要，引导条件状语从句。If only接虚拟语气，表示对过去情况的假设。应选C项。23、答案：C解析：20考查虚拟语气中省略if的倒装。句意为：如果雨停了的话，庄稼将会得救。根据语可知，本句是对将来情况的 假设，因此从句的谓语动词可用should +动词原形。如If条件句中如有were,should或had时，可把if省略， 并把were,should或had提到主语的前面，使用倒装语序。因此此句可用“should +动词原形”。从句为省略 if将should提前构成的倒装。应选Ao小提示：If虚拟条件句:虚拟语气是说话人为表达一种假设，或一种主观愿望，即认为动词所表示的动作或状态并非真实或 仅是主观设想时所用的动词形式.与过去事实相反的：if从句用主语+had done,主句:主语+would/could/might/have doneIf you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train,如果你早一点起床， 就会赶上火车的。与现在事实相反的：if从句用主语+did/were,主句主语+would/could/might doIf I had time now, I would study French.如果我现在有时间,我会学习法语的。与将来事实相反的if从句用主语+一般过去时/were to do /should do,主句用主语+should /would/could doIf he were to come here, he would tell us about it,如果他要来的话，他会通知我们一声If she knew English,she would not ask me for help,如果她懂英语的话，她不会找我帮助的。If it should be fine tomorrow,! would go shopping.如果明天天气好，我就去买东(4)lf虚拟条件句的倒装形式，省略连词if。英语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有助动词或情态动词were, had或should,可以把if省略，把而把 were, had, should放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=lf you had asked me,)如果你问我,我会告诉你。Were he to come here(=lf he were to come here), he would tell us about it.21如果他来这里，他会告诉我们这件事。Should it be fine tomorrow(=lf it should be fine tomorrow) J would go shopping.如果明天天气好，我就去购物。24、答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：图书管理员坚持要求约翰在归还所有借的书之前不能再从图书馆拿书。insist此处表示“坚持要求”，所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(Should) +原形动词，should可省略。 应选Co25、答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：很抱歉让你久等了，要不是堵车，20分钟前我就到了。没关系，我没等那么长 时间。根据句意可知此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，用would+havedone的形式，故B项正确。小提示：注意but for引导的句子或短语有时相当于一个虚拟条件句，假设的情况并不以条件从句显示出来，而是暗含 下上下文中，通过介词短语来表示，要使用虚拟语气，其主要形式为：表示对现在情况的虚拟：would+do, 如，But for his pension, he would starve.要不是有养老金，他早就挨饿了 ；对过去情况的虚拟：would+have done,如，But for your help, we wouldn, t have succeeded.要是没有你的帮助，我们是不会成功的。26、答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我本来可以早一点来，但我真不知道他正在等我。由"but I didn5 t know he was waiting for me.n可知，“我”事实上并没有早点来，因此可推知第一句应该是一个虚拟语气的句子。因为讲22述的是过去的事情，所以句子应借助于“would+have+过去分词”的形式。本句可以理解为：I would have come sooner if I had known that he was waiting for me.应选 Co小提示：此题考查虚拟语气。解答此类题目首先根据上下文语境找到隐藏的条件，转换成if条件句中的虚拟语气来理解, 然后判断是对哪种情况的虚拟，从而来确定谓语动词的形式。由“but I didrY t know he was waiting forme," “我”事实上并没有早点来，因此可推知第一句应该是一个虚拟语气的句子。因为讲述的是过去的事情, 所以句子应借助于“would+have+过去分词”的形式。本句可以理解为：I would have come sooner if I had known that he was waiting for me.应选 Co27、答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：8点了?节目已经开始了!我多么希望我现在就在那里!wish后的宾语从句中，表示与事实 相反或不大可能实现的愿望，所以用虚拟语气。对将来发生的事情表示祝愿或愿望：主语+ wish +从句主语+ would(could, might)+动词原形。应选 Co28、答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：说实话，我宁愿是我来承受痛苦，而不是你。你不知道我有多担忧。固定句型：would rather后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，如果指现在或将来，那么句子用一般过去时态，如果指过去发生的事情，那么用过去完成时态。结合句中how worried I was.可知此处指过去发生的事情。应选Bo29、答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：埃伦是个出色的舞者，我多么希望我在上次的舞会上能跳得和她一样好。根据上文wish23（动词）可知I as well as her at last party.做wish的宾语，是宾语从句。结合宾语从句意思可知句中表达了说话者的一种不大可能实现的愿望，应用虚拟语气；根据句中“at last party （上次舞会）”可知，是对过去 情况的虚拟，wish后的宾语从句对过去的虚拟要使用过去完成时had done。应选C。小提示：wish后跟宾语从句要用虚拟语气，对过去情况的虚拟，谓语动词用过去完成时had done ；对现在情况的虚拟, 谓语动词用过去式；对将来情况的虚拟，谓语动词用would/could/might +动词原形。30、答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：昨天Jane离开了那场热烈的讨论，否那么她可能会说一些让她永远遗憾的武断的话。otherwise在此相当于if she had not walked away from the discussion,即暗示一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件 句，所以主句要用 should/would/could/might+have done。应选 Do31、答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气的倒装。句意：要不是这些年的水体污染急剧增加，很多温水域中的珊瑚礁就不会灭绝。此处为 错综时间虚拟，主句用would not be表示对现在虚拟，从句动作accumulate发生在过去，对过去的虚拟故应 用haddone形式，且当虚拟条件句中含有were, had, should, could等动词时，可以将if省略，然后将 were, had, should, could等词移至句首。应选C。32、答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我不是能建议如何做此事的人。recommend表示“建议”时后面的宾语从句的谓语应该用 （should+）动词原形，并且the job和动词do之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，应选A项。2433、答案：A解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：没有重力，我们不可能像现在这样自由地在地上行走。A. couldn't不可能；B. mustn't 禁止；C.sharVt不应该；D.neednt没必要。由语意可知，本句为与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故句子谓语动 词的否认式要用wouldn't / couldn't/ shouldn't/ mightn't+动词原形。应选A项。34、答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我有一千万美元，我会周游世界。分析句子可知表示对现在情况的虚拟语气，if从 句用一般过去时，主句用would+动词原形。应选D。35、答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：真是松了一口气！如果你忘了带雨伞，我们还在教室里焦急地等着。本句是省略if引导 的错综时间虚拟语气句,还原句子为:We would be still waiting anxiously in the classroom if you had forgotten to bring an umbrella with you, “一直等”这个动作发生在现在，表示现在的情况，所以主句谓语用would + 动词原形，“忘记”这个动作发生在过去，表示与过去事实相反，从句谓语应用过去完成时(had done),在 虚拟语气中，假设有had/were/should等助动词，可将其提到句首，省略if变成为倒装句式，即had you forgotten to bring an umbrella with youo 应选 B 项。36、答案：D解析：考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：我要是听从她的建议提前订机票就好了。我没想到日程上的一点变化会对我的旅 行计划产生如此大的影响。if only (但愿/如果就好)句子中用虚拟语气，由句意可知，是对过去的虚拟，25 时态用过去完成时(had