作文常用句型归纳 讲义--2023届高考英语写作备考.docx

作文常用句型归纳义句式一、含if引导的条件状语从句的虚拟句型【真题链接】Sorry, I am too busy now. If I had time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.【句型解读】该句型表示与现在、过去，及将来事实可能相反的假 设。其if从句的谓语形式分别为“过去时（be用were） had +过去分 词”和“动词的过去时”/“should+动词原形'或"were to +动词原形”；主 句谓语形式分别为Uwould/should/might/could +动词原形” would/should/might/could +have+过去分词”和 "would/should/might/could + 动词原形”。【温馨提醒】"If it were not for.l/they. would”句型意为“如果不是 /如果 没有/要不是，我/他（它）们就会其中，“If it werenot for.”是表示与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，were不能用was来代 替。主句用"would +动词原形”表示虚拟语气。"If it had not been for. l/they.would/should/might/could +have+ 过去分词”句型意为“（过去）如果不是/ （过去）如果没有/要 不是（谩去），我/他（它）们就（可能）会已经其中， “If it had not been for”是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。主句用 "would/should/might/could +have+过去分词”表示虚拟语气。【即时演练】根据汉语提示，完成句子。1 .如果不是因为她不会唱歌，我将会邀请她来参加聚会。If the fact that she can't sing, I would invite her to the party .2 .如果我的汽车性能更可靠些，去年夏天我就会开车去拉萨而不是 坐飞机去了。If my car more reliable, I to Lhasa instead of flying lastsummer.Keys：1. it were not for2. had been； would have driven句式二、用介词短语表达虚拟条件的句型【真题链接】But for the help of my English teacher, I would not have won the first prize in the English writing competition.【句型解读】在英语中，除了用if从句表示虚拟的情景外，还可以 用but for"要不是"和without“没有”等介词(短语)来表达虚拟的条件， 相当于条件状语从句。【即时演练】根据汉语提示，完成句子。没有你的慷慨帮助，我不可能熬过那段痛苦的日子。I couldn't have gone through that bitter period your generous help.Key： without/but for句式三、宾语从句使用虚拟语气的句型【真题链接】The doctor recommended that you shouldn't swim after eating a large meal.【句型角星读】表示“建议(suggest, advice, propose, recommend)> 要求 (demand, request, require)、命令 (order, command) ” 等主观意向的动词后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，其谓语动词由“should +动词原形”构成，其中的should可以省略。【温馨提醒】动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词可以根据对现在、将来、 过去的虚拟愿望分别采用过去式(be动词用were)、“would/could+ 动词原形" "had+动词过去分词或could/would+ have +动词过去分词" 等形式。【即时演练】根据汉语提示，完成句子。1 .他们要求给予每个成年男子选举权。They demanded that the right to vote to every adult man.2 .彼得希望他读大学时学的是法律，而不是文学。Peter wishes that he law instead of literature when he was incollege.Keys：1. (should) be given2. had studied句式四、“it be +adj. +for/of sb. +to do sth.”句型【真题链接】I thought it would be useful for him to learn Chinese at an early age.【句型解读】结构中，如果不定式前面的形容词说明不定式的特性， 其逻辑主语一般由for引出；假设形容词是描写人的品德、素质的，说明 逻辑主语的特征，如 kind, honest, clever, wise, sensible, nice, thoughtful, brave, bold, foolish, stupid, wrong, cruel 等， 那么不定式的逻辑主语就用of引出。【温馨提醒】有时不定式的动作执行者不是句子的主语，此时就需要在不定式前 面加一个名词或代词来充当其逻辑主语，构成不定式的复合结构。【即时演练】根据汉语提示，完成句子。1 .我打算在大学学习艺术史，因此访问法国对我来说是很重要的。I plan to study history of art at university so it is important France .2 .我们认为他问那位女士的年龄是不礼貌的。We think it impolite the lady her age .Keys：1. for me to visit2. of him to ask句式五、“be+形容词+不定式”句型【真题链接】We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition.【句型解读】该句型中，不定式位于作表语、表示心理活动或情绪 的形容词后面，作原因状语。【温馨提醒】这样的形容词主要有：happy, kind, surprised, frightened, angry, shocked, glad, delighted, disappointed, sorry, anxious, proud, clever, safe, dangerous, lucky, pleased, fortunate, right, astonished 等。【即时演练】根据汉语提示，完成句子。虽然看到我们很惊讶，但是教授给了我们一个热烈的欢迎。Though us , the professor gave us a warm welcome.Key： surprised to see句式六、“动词+让+宾语补足语(adj./n) . (+forsb.) +不定式(动 名词或从句)”句型【真题链接】The fact that she was foreign made it difficult for her to get a job in that country.【句型解读】当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后 跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语匕而将真正 的宾语移至句末，构成该句型。【温馨提醒】该句型中的动词通常是think, find, feel, believe, take, consider, make, suppose 等。【即时演练】根据汉语提示，完成句子。1 .我们觉得让我们的国家成为一个更加美好的地方是我们的责任。We our country a better place.2 .这两个女孩长得很相似，不熟悉的人很难将她俩区分开来。The two girls are so alike that strangers one from the other .Keys：1. feel it our duty to make2. find it difficult to tell句式七、“动词(have, take, put, like 等)+ it + that/ when (if) 从句”句型【真题链接】Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to recall the soul of Qu Yuan.【句型解读】“动词(have, take, put, like 等)+ it + that M 句,“动词(enjoy, hate, love, like, dislike, appreciate, prefer 等)+ it + when (if)从句”“动词(see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for, rely on 等)+ it + that 优句"三类结 构中的形式宾语it无实际意义，由于英文句法结构的需要，其后没有 宾语补足语。【温馨提醒】“动词(take it for granted, bring it to sb. attention, owe it to sb. 等)+ that从句”结构中的形式宾语it也无实际意义，其后也没有宾语补足语。【即时演练】根据汉语提示，完成句子。1 .如果你愿意教我如何使用电脑我将非常感谢。If you would like to teach me how to use the computer2 .你放心，他会来接你的。You may hell come to meet you .Keys：1. appreciate it if2. rely on it that句式八、“状语(方向、地点、时间副词或表示方位、地点的介词 短语)+不及物动词+主语(名词)”句型【真题链接】There remains a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.【句型解读】主语是名词、谓语动词是be, remain, live, come, stand, lie, exist, go, run, rush, flee, walk 等不及物动词 时，here, there, out, in, on, up, down, away, back, now, then等表示方向、地点、时间的副词放在句子的开头，引起全 部倒装，描述一个生动的情景。【温馨提醒】当谓语动词为 be, come, sit, live, stand, lie, exist 等 不及物动词，表示方位、地点的介词短语作状语置于句首时，或当主 系表结构中由表地点的介词短语所作的表语置于句首时，也使用该句 型【即时演练】根据汉语提示，完成句子。1 .有一会儿什么也没发生，接着就有一阵欢呼声。For a moment nothing happened, all shouting together.2 .山脚下坐落着一个村庄。a village.Keys：1. then came voices2. At the foot of the mountain lies句式九、以“only+状语”开头的句子使用倒装语序的句型【真题链接】Only after Mary read her composition the second time did she notice the spelling mistake.【句型解读】当only位于句首，修饰、强调状语（副词、介词短语、 从句）时，句子的主体局部要用局部倒装语序，即把其中的助动词或 者情态动词提到主语的前面。【温馨提醒】在强调句中，被强调局部是。nly所修饰的状语时，句子的主体部 分不用倒装。例如：It was only when I reread his poems recently that I began to appreciate their beauty.只是在最近我重读了他的诗，我才开始欣赏他 们的美。如果only修饰的是句子的其他成分，那么句子的主体局部也不用倒 装。例如：Only Cinderella's foot fit perfectly and so the prince chose to marry her.只有灰姑娘的脚完全吻合，于是王子娶她。【即时演练】根据汉语提示，完成句子。只有那时我才真正开始感谢爸爸和他的信仰。I truly begin to appreciate Dad and his faith.Key： Only then did句式十、“It is/was+强调局部+who/that +其他成分”句型【真题链接】It was in New Zealand that Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.【句型解读】该句式是强调句型。其中，让，that/who无词汇意义， it为强调词，引出强调成分，that/who只起语法连接作用。【温馨提醒】如果被强调的局部在句子中作主语且指人时，用who或that来连 接都可以，如果是其他成分，那么一律用that来连接。【即时演练】根据汉语提示，完成句子。首先想到骑车从沿湄公河源头到终点旅游的是我的姐姐。first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.Key： It was my sister that / who