2023年北师大版高三英语高考一轮复习必修二Unit 5 Humans and Nature词句文精讲精练含答案.docx

Unit 5 Humans and Nature一.核心词精讲escape vi.&vt. 4kto get away from a place or dangerous situation when someone is trying to catch you or stop you,逃离，逃走【归纳】escape (doing) sth.逃避做某事escape from从逃离;逃走escape to 逃至escape from reality 逃避现实escape responsibility 逃避责任A fisherman is trying to survive a storm.survive vi.&vt. “to continue to live after an accident, war, or illness” 幸存；活下来【归纳】sunive on 靠生存sun ive sth.幸免于：从中挺过来survive表示幸免时，是及物动词，因而不要加多余的介词in, from等。 survive ihe war/ accident/ flood/ fire在战争/事故/洪水/火灾中幸免于难 survive the attack在袭击中幸免于难【拓展】survival n.幸存,残存物survivor n.幸存者，生还者After a while, I became curious about the whirlpool itself.过了一会儿，我对旋涡本身产生了好奇。curious adj. "wanting to know about something”好奇的【归纳】be curious to do sth.好奇地去干某事be curious about sth.be curious about sth.对好奇It's curious+that.奇怪的是【拓展】curiosity n.好奇心'out of curiosity 出于好奇with curiosity 好奇地curiously adv.好奇地4.the second, between two objects of equal extent, round objects fell down less rapidly. prove sth. to sb.向某人证明某事prove oneself （to be）证明自己是prove （to be）+n./adj.原来是，证明是It is proved that.据证明，据证实proofn.证据；证明There's （no） proof that（没）有证据证明at one lime: in ihe past, but not now 曾经，一度15. Scott and two of his team members carried on and got within eleven miles of one of their food bases.carry on （with）: to continue moving 继续走，继续行进四.重点词精练1. The moment I heard the word I became very f（害怕的）.2. After a while, I became c （好奇的）about the whirlpool itself.3. We r（救援）two people and provided medical help over 2,000 people.4. We have now lost the goal of our a（雄心，追求）and must face 800 miles of hard pushing -and goodbye to most of our dreams.5. We are very c （高兴的）,but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess.6. Later, these rocks p（证明，证实）that at one time in the distant past, the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants.7. Captain Scott left an record, for honesty, sincerity, for b（勇气），for everything that makes a man.8.1 think our c （气fl矣）is definitely changing. And the greenhouse effect is quite obvious.9. The lecture was so s （令人震惊的）.1 didn't know we were harming nature so much.10. AS you know, natural disasters like earthquakes, floods and landslides can cause death and other loss and d （损害）that is hard to measure.答案：1. frightened 2. curious 3. rescued 4. ambition 5. cheerful6. proved 7. bravery 8. climate 9. shocking 10. damage三.课文重点内容回顾ExlToday, we're talking about professional teams who work in natural disaster rescue. As you know, 1（nature） disasters like earthquakes, floods and landslides can cause death and other 2（lose） and damage that is hard 3（measure）. Today, Mr. Wang fromChina International Search and Rescue Team is here to tell us about what 4(profession) rescue teams do when a natural disaster 5(happen).In the rescue attempts in the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, our first and most important goal is to save 6(life). We use search and rescue vehicles and _7(train) dogsto look for anyone 8 is still alive and try our best to save them, which sound like a very9(challenge) process. Tb give you example, one of my recent10(attempt)was the Nepal earthquake. Over sixty members and six dogs11(take) part, and we were(here for twelve days. We rescued two people and provided 12(medicine) help toover 2,000 people. It was a battle _13 time. It's definitely hard, but it's our duty to try ourbest14(reduce) suffering and (he loss of life. We 15(train) to do so.Ex2On 1 June, 1910, Captain Robert Falcon Scott left London to begin his journey 1Antarctica. While he was 2 the way to Antarctica, he received 3 message fromthe Nonvegian explorer Roald Amundsen 4 said he was going south, (oo. Then therace to the South Pole began!During the Polar summer of 1910-1911. both teams organized food bases in 5(prepare) for their journeys the next year. Then came the total 6(dark) of the polarwinter. Amundsen was the first to leave on 8 September, 1911. He had teams of dogs 7(pull) the sledges and all his men were on skis. Because _8 this, he made rapid progress.Scott left on 1 November and soon had problems. First, his two sledges 9(break)down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties10(he snow and the cold.Amundsen reached the Pole11_ 14 December, 1911 and put a Norwegian flag there.Then he prepared fbr the return journey. Amundsen and his team arrived 12(safe) backto their starting base on 25 Januaiy ten days ahead13their planned schedule.Scott finally arrived _14 the Pole with four team members on 17 January, 1912. Theywere shocked 15 they saw the Norwegian flag. They were very sad to have lost thegoal of their ambition.The return journey was one of the 16(bad) in the history of exploration. Themen were soon very 17 (tire) and were running out _18 food. The weatherconditions were terrible. Then disaster came one19another. All the team members died atlast. The news of Scott's 20 (die) shocked the world. Even Amundsen was moved byScott's death saying “Captain Scott left a record, for 21 (honest), sincerity, for22(brave), fbr everything23 makes a man." Scott had failed to win the raceto the Pole, but the great courage 24 (show) by Scott and his men made them25(hero).Ex3 How to sun ivc an earthquakeIf you're indoorsDon't' run, but protect yourself. Don't try to run out of the building during 1earthquake. The most important thing is 2(protect) yourself as much as you can.Drop, cover and hold on. DROP down onto your hands and 3(knee). COVERyour head and neck 4 your hands, arms or hard objects. If possible, find a strongshelter nearby 5 will cover your whole body. HOLD ON to your shelter 6the shaking stops.If you're outdoorsMove away from anything 7 can fall. Move to open areas. Buildings, trees,streetlights and power lines can fall down during an earthquake.Find a shelter 8 you can stay. If you arc near objects that can fall, find a shelter toprotect yourself 9 them.Wait before moving to another place. Objects may also fall after an earthquake and there arc always strong aftershocks. Observe 10(careful) before you move away.If you're in a carStop. Stop your car as soon as you can, but avoid 11(stop) near a building or undera tree.Stay 12(seat). Stay calm in your car. The car's metal body can protect your from13(fall) objects.Drive carefully when the quake stops. Avoid bridges 14 have been damaged ormay be15( damage) by the aftershocks.答案：Exl1. natural2. loss3. to measure4. professional5. happens6. lives7. trained8. who9. challenging10. attempts11.took12. medical13. against14. to reduce15. are (rainedEx21. to2. on3. a4. which5. preparation6. darkness7. pulling8. of9. broke10. with11. on12. safely13. of14. at15. when16. worst17. tired18. of19. after20. death2!. honesty22. bravery23. that24. shown25. HeroesEx31. an2. to protect3. knees4. with5. which6. until7. that8. where9. from10. carefully11. stopping12. seated13. falling14. that15. damagedequal adj. "the same in size, number, amount, value etc as something else”相等的; 相同的【拓展】be equal to sth. / doing sth. (in sth.) (?E方面)与相等;能胜任；与匹敌equally adv.平等地，均等地equalityequalityn.平等5. . but he was too frightened and stayed in the heavy boat.frightened adj. <4feeling afraid 受惊的，害怕的【拓展】be frightened to do sth. 害怕做某事be frightened of (doing) sth.害怕frighten v.使惊吓，使惊恐：被吓坏(吓了一跳)frightening adj.令人惊恐的/恐怖的During the polar summer of 1910-1911, both teams organized food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year.preparation n. (he process of preparing something 预备，准备preparation意、为"准备工作”时为可数名词【拓展】make preparation formake preparation for为做准备in preparation for sth.为某事做准备be in preparation在准备中prepare v.准备；预备 prepare to do 准备做prepare sb. for sth.使某人为某事做好准备base v. to have your main place of work, business etc in a particular place 以为基地 n.基地；大本营；基础【归纳】base.on / upon.把建立在基础之上be based on.以为基础on the base of 以为基础at the base of. 在的底部【拓展】basis n. 根据；基础basic adj. 基础的Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring, anxiously adv. worried about something 焦 虑地；不安地【拓展】anxiousbe anxious about 为担忧/忧虑be anxious for 渴望be anxious （for ab.） to do sih.渴望（某人）做某事anxiety n.焦虑；担忧；渴望with anxiety 焦急地表示“渴望做某事”的其他表达：be cagcr/dying/thirsty for sth.be eager/dying/thirsty to do sth.desire for sth.desire to do sth.long to do sth.6. First, his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.break down: If a machine or a vehicle breaks down, it stops working 停止运转，出故障 breakdown分解,分化：（计划、谈判等）失败；（身体）垮了eg We are sorry to arrive late, but the car broke down.The plan was good, but it broke down, because they were unwilling to carry it out.If your mother continues to work like this, she will break down soon.【拓展】常见的含break的短语还有：break out （战争、火灾等）爆发break up打碎，分裂，解体break off突然中断break through 突破7. The men were soon very tired and were running out of food.run out （of）: have no further supply of 用完，耗尽；过期【拓展】run a way （from）走掉，跑开；逃避run across无意间碰到run through匆匆看遍Later, these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past, the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants.prove v. to show that something is true by providing facts, information etc 证明； 证实【归纳】 prove sth. to sb.向某人证明某事prove oneself （to be）证明自己是prove （to be）+n./adj.原来是，证明是It is proved that.据证明，据证实proofn.证据；证明There's （no） proof that（没）有证据证明at one time: in ihe past, but not now 曾经，一度Scott and two of his team members carried on and got within eleven miles of one of their food bases.carry on （with）: to continue moving 继续走，继续行进二.重点词精练1. The moment I heard the word I became very f（害怕的）.2. After a while, I became c （好奇的）about the whirlpool itself.3. We r（救援）two people and provided medical help over 2,000 people.4. We have now lost the goal of our a（雄心，追求）and must face 800 miles of hard pushing -and goodbye to most of our dreams.5. We are very c （高兴的）,but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess. 6. Later, these rocks p（证明，证实）that at one time in the distant past, the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants.7. Captain Scott left an record, for honesty, sincerity, for b（勇气），for everything that makes a man.8.1 think our c （气fl矣）is definitely changing. And the greenhouse effect is quite obvious.9. The lecture was so s （令人震惊的）.1 didn't know we were harming nature so much.10. AS you know, natural disasters like earthquakes, floods and landslides can cause death and other loss and d （损害）that is hard to measure.三.课文重点内容回顾Ex IToday, we're talking about professional teams who work in natural disaster rescue. As you know,I（nature） disasters like earthquakes, floods and landslides can cause death and other 2（lose） and damage that is hard 3（measure）. Today, Mr. Wangfrom China International Search and Rescue Team is here to tell us about what 4（profession） rescue teams do when a natural disaster 5 （happen）.In the rescue attempts in （he Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, our first and most important goal is to save 6(life). We use search and rescue vehicles and _7(train) dogs to look for anyone 8 is still alive and try our best to save them, which sound like a very 9(challenge) process. To give you example, one of my recent10(attempt) was theNepal earthquake. Over sixty members and six dogs11(take) part, and we were there fortwelve days. We rescued two people and provided 12(medicine) help to over 2,000people. It was a battle _13 time. It's definitely hard, but it's our duty to try our best14(reduce) suffering and the loss of life. We 15(train) to do so. Ex2On 1 June, 1910, Captain Robert Falcon Scott left London to begin his journey 1Antarctica. While he was 2 the way to Antarctica, he received 3 message fromthe Nonvegian explorer Roald Amundsen 4 said he was going south, too. Then therace to the South Pole began!During the Polar summer of 1910-1911. both teams organized food bases in 5(prepare) for their journeys the next year. Then came the total 6(dark) of the polarwinter. Amundsen was the first to leave on 8 September, 1911. He had teams of dogs 7(pull) the sledges and all his men were on skis. Because _8 this, he made rapid progress.Scott left on 1 November and soon had problems. First, his two sledges 9(break)down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties10 the snow and the cold.Amundsen reached the Pole11_ 14 December, 1911 and put a Norwegian flag there.Then he prepared for the return journey. Amundsen and his team arrived 12(safe) backto their starting base on 25 Januaiy ten days ahead13their planned schedule.Scott finally arrived _14 the Pole with four team members on 17 January, 1912. Theywere shocked 15 they saw the Norwegian flag. They were very sad to have lost thegoal of their ambition.The return journey was one of the 16(bad) in the history of exploration. Themen were soon very 17 (tire) and were running out _18 food. The weatherconditions were terrible. Then disaster came one19another. All the team members died atlast. The news of Scott's 20(die) shocked the world. Even Amundsen was moved byScott's death saying uCaptain Scott left a record, for 21 (honest), sincerity, for 22(brave), fbr everything23 makes a man." Scott had failed to win the raceto the Pole, but the great courage 24 (show) by Scott and his men made them25(hero).Ex3 How to sun ive an earthquakeIf you're indoorsDon't' run, but protect yourself. Don't try to run out of the building during 1earthquake. The most important thing is 2(protect) yourself as much as you can.Drop, cover and hold on. DROP down onto your hands and 3(knee). COVERyour head and neck 4 your hands, arms or hard objects. If possible, find a strong shelter nearby 5 will cover your whole body. HOLD ON to your shelter 6the shaking stops.If you,re outdoorsMove away from anything 7 can fall. Move to open areas. Buildings, trees,streetlights and power lines can fall down during an earthquake.Find a shelter 8 you can stay. If you are near objects that can fall, find a shelter toprotect yourself 9 them.Wait before moving to another place. Objects may also fall after an earthquake and there are always strong aftershocks. Observe 10(careful) before you move away.If you're in a carStop. Stop your car as soon as you can, but avoid 11(stop) near a building or undera tree.Stay 12(seat). Stay calm in your car. The car's metal body can protect your from13(fail) objects.Drive carefully when the quake stops. Avoid bridges 14 have been damaged or maybe15(damage) by the aftershocks.Unit 5 Humans and Nature三.核心词精讲escape vi.&vt. 4kto get away from a place or dangerous situation when someone is trying to catch you or stop you,逃离，逃走【归纳】escape (doing) sth.逃避做某事escape from从逃离;逃走escape to 逃至escape from reality 逃避现实escape respons